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    • Neural Models of language Processes

      • 1st Edition
      • December 2, 2012
      • Michael Arbib
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 0 1 2 4 1 2 1 7 1 3
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 3 2 3 1 4 0 8 1 2
      Neural Models of Language Processes offers an interdisciplinary approach to understanding the nature of human language and the means whereby we use it. The book is organized into five parts. Part I provides an opening framework that addresses three tasks: to place neurolinguistics in current perspective; to provide two case studies of aphasia; and to discuss the ""rules of the game"" of the various disciplines that contribute to this volume. Part II on artificial intelligence (AI) and processing models discusses the contribution of AI to neurolinguistics. The chapters in this section introduce three AI systems for language perception: the HWIM and HEARSAY systems that proceed from an acoustic input to a semantic interpretation of the utterance it represents, and Marcus9 system for parsing sentences presented in text. Studying these systems demonstrates the virtues of implemented or implementable models. Part III on linguistic and psycholinguistic perspectives includes studies such as nonaphasic language behavior and the linguistics and psycholinguistics of sign language. Part IV examines neurological perspectives such as the neuropathological basis of Broca's aphasia and the simulation of speech production without a computer. Part V on neuroscience and brain theory includes studies such as the histology, architectonics, and asymmetry of language areas; hierarchy and evolution in neurolinguistics; and perceptual-motor processes and the neural basis of language.

    • Laterality Functional Asymmetry in the Intact Brain

      • 1st Edition
      • December 2, 2012
      • M Bryden
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 0 1 2 4 3 1 7 3 4 5
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 3 2 3 1 5 5 4 2 7
      Laterality: Functional Asymmetry in the Intact Brain focuses on brain function and laterality as well as the various methods in assessing behavioral asymmetries, including handedness. It reviews the literature on perceptual-cognitive laterality effects in different sensory modalities, the lateralization of emotion and motor behavior, and the electrophysiological evidence. It also highlights some of the problems with the existing research and offers suggestions about the direction of future research. Organized into 17 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of cerebral asymmetry and the origins and mechanisms of lateralization. Then, it discusses the individual differences in laterality, methods and measurement used in laterality studies, and experiments on dichotic listening and auditory lateralization. The next chapters focus on the link between verbal laterality and handedness, tactual and perceptual laterality, asymmetry of motor performance, lateralization of emotional processes, and physiological measures of asymmetry. The book also introduces the handedness and its relation to cerebral function, genetics of laterality, development of cerebral lateralization, individual differences in cerebral organization, sex differences in laterality, reading- and language-related deficits, and control of the active hemisphere before concluding with a chapter discussing the experimental or strategy effects, the concept of complementary specialization, and the dichotomy between the two hemispheres of the brain. This book is a valuable resource for neuropsychologists, experimental psychologists, neurologists, and educators interested in understanding human brain function.

    • Newer Methods of Nutritional Biochemistry V3

      • 1st Edition
      • December 2, 2012
      • Anthony Albanese
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 0 1 2 4 1 4 3 2 9 6
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 3 2 3 1 4 6 4 6 3
      Newer Methods of Nutritional Biochemistry: With Applications and Interpretations, Volume III presents the pressing problems in emergency feeding of populations in developing areas of the world with emphasis on the need for simple procedures to assess utilization of dietary proteins. This book reviews the criterion of protein utilization and considers the important components of protein metabolism. Organized into 11 chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the metabolic changes induced by deficiencies of essential nutrients. This text then examines the problems of human protein needs in the light of the food habits of vegetarians. Other chapters explore lipid metabolism in terms of its dynamic mechanisms. This book discusses as well the significance of minerals in the utilization of primary foodstuffs, namely, carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. The final chapter deals with the methodology for studies in human nutrition. This book is a valuable resource for biochemists, graduate students, and clinical researchers.

    • The Molecular Biology of Viruses

      • 1st Edition
      • December 2, 2012
      • John Colter
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 0 1 2 4 1 2 3 5 8 8
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 3 2 3 1 4 2 7 3 1
      The Molecular Biology of Viruses is a collection of manuscripts presented at the Third Annual International Symposium of the Molecular Biology of Viruses, held in the University of Alberta, Canada on June 27-30, 1966, sponsored by the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Alberta. This book is organized into eight parts encompassing 36 chapters that emphasize the biosynthetic steps involved in polymer duplication. The first two parts explore the specialized processes of the cycle of virulent and temperate bacteriophage multiplication. These parts also deal with the production, regulation of development, and selectivity of these bacteriophages. The subsequent two parts look into the heterozygosity, mutation, structure, function, and mode of infection of single-stranded DNA and RNA bacteriophages. The discussions then shift to the biological and physicochemical aspects, biosynthesis, translation, genetics, and replication of mammalian DNA and RNA viruses. The concluding parts describe the homology, interaction, functions, mechanism of transformation, metabolism, and carcinogenic activity of oncogenic viruses. This book is of great benefit to biochemists, biophysicists, geneticists, microbiologists, and virologists.

    • The Proteins Chemistry, Biological Activity, and Methods V2B

      • 1st Edition
      • December 2, 2012
      • Hans Neurath
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 0 1 2 4 1 2 4 4 7 9
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 3 2 3 1 4 3 6 2 2
      The Proteins, Volume II: Chemistry, Biological Activity, and Methods, Part A is a nine-chapter text that explores the chemical and biological aspects of proteins. This book starts with a discussion on the occurrence, distribution, and general chemical and biochemical properties of nucleoproteins, enzymes, and respiratory proteins and toxic proteins. The subsequent chapters cover the biological importance, separation, distribution, and antibacterial activity of food proteins, such as milk, egg, and seed proteins. A chapter explores the general concepts of protein metabolism in plants. The final chapter examines the sources and the action of the protein hormones. Biochemists, physiologists, and medical researchers will find this book invaluable.

    • Free Radicals in Biology V3

      • 1st Edition
      • December 2, 2012
      • William Pryor
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 0 1 2 4 3 3 2 6 0 7
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 3 2 3 1 5 5 6 7 0
      Free Radicals in Biology, Volume III reviews diverse topics in free radical biology and relates the results of chemical and biochemical investigations to clinical situations. It attempts to bridge the gap between chemical investigations and the medical applications and implications of free radical reactions. Topics covered range from radiation chemistry to biochemistry, biology, and medicine. Comprised of seven chapters, this volume begins with a general introduction to the technique of radiation chemistry; the thermodynamics and kinetic factors that need be considered; the use of pulse radiolysis and flow techniques; and the application of these methods to free radicals of biological interest. The reader is then introduced to the pulse radiolysis method and the mechanisms of carbon tetrachloride toxicity. Subsequent chapters discuss the morphological, histochemical, biochemical, and chemical nature of lipofuscin pigments; production of free radicals from the reactions of selected enzymes with their substrates; and the damage caused to skin by sunlight. The final chapter deals with the involvement of free radicals in chemical carcinogenesis. This monograph will be of value to chemists, biologists, and physicians.

    • Economic and Medicinal Plant Research

      • 3rd Edition
      • December 2, 2012
      • H. Wagner + 2 more
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 0 1 2 4 1 2 1 2 2 5
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 0 8 0 9 8 4 3 1 5
      This series identifies areas of research in natural plant products that are of immediate or projected importance from a practical point of view. It reviews these areas in a concise and critical manner. Graduate students, researchers will find the timely reviews presented here to be invaluable. Decision makers in industry and government agencies will also find the material beneficial.

    • Sleep and The Maturing Nervous System

      • 1st Edition
      • December 2, 2012
      • Carmine D. Clemente
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 0 1 2 4 1 4 5 1 6 0
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 3 2 3 1 4 8 3 5 1
      Sleep and the Maturing Nervous System contains manuscripts presented at a conference on Sleep and the Maturing Nervous Systems, held at the Allenberry Inn in Boiling Springs, Pennsylvania on June 21-24, 1970. The program is divided into five sessions: The Maturation of Neural Elements; Neurochemical Factors in Maturation of Sleep Behavior; Development of EEG and Activity Patterns in Relation to Sleep; Development of Reflex Patterns in Sleep; and Developmental Aspects of Normal and Abnormal Sleep Behavior. Organized into 19 chapters, the book begins by discussing the ontogenetic studies ranging from analyses of excitability properties and synaptic processes in single immature cortical neurons to structure-function correlations in developing cortical neuronal subsystems. This is followed by significant topics on the mutual relevancy between brain maturation and the ontogeny of sleep-wakefulness behavior. Additional aspects of the book focus on the developmental implications of conditions that might lead to the establishment of normal and abnormal sleep behavior in maturing organisms. A discussion on the problem of the mechanisms that underlie the unique distribution of behavior states at any particular age and during any particular experimental manipulation is provided along with a comparison of sleep behavior features between normal and mentally retarded subjects of the same age. This book will be of value to researchers and scientists interested in both the genetic and environmental factors determining the brain maturation and its relevancy in sleep and wakefulness.

    • Immune Recognition

      • 1st Edition
      • December 2, 2012
      • Alan Rosenthal
      • English
      • Hardback
        9 7 8 0 1 2 5 9 7 8 5 0 7
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 3 2 3 1 4 2 1 3 7
      Immune Recognition is a modified compilation of an experimental leukocyte culture conference about various aspects of macrophage and lymphocyte biology in relation to the eponymous central theme. The book is divided into nine sections. Section I covers non-antigenic signals and receptors for lymphocyte activation; the recognition of chemically modified autologous cells; surface membrane saccharides; and B and T cell activation. Section II is about antigenic signals; the activation of macrophages; and the induction of autosensitization of initiator lymphocytes. Sections III and IV discuss the early membrane and biochemical events in lymphocyte activation. Sections V to IX cover the coupling of cytoplasmic and nuclear events to membrane cycles; cellular and molecular basis of cell recognition and interaction in nonlymphocyte systems; the genetic control of immunocompetent cell interactions; and cellular mechanisms that regulate the immune response. The text is intended for doctors who specialize in immunology and want to know more about the different factors that cause the recognition of the immune system.

    • Biochemistry of Platelets

      • 1st Edition
      • December 2, 2012
      • David Phillips
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 0 1 2 4 1 4 5 7 8 8
      • eBook
        9 7 8 0 3 2 3 1 4 8 9 7 9
      Biochemistry of Platelets is a comprehensive review of the biochemistry of platelets, with emphasis on the molecular basis for the various biological processes in which they participate. Topics range from stimulus-response coupling mechanisms to platelet contractile proteins, platelet membrane glycoproteins, and storage organelles in platelets and megakaryocytes. The expression and function of adhesive proteins on the platelet surface is also discussed. Comprised of 12 chapters, this book begins with a description of the morphological and metabolic responses to agonists, as well as the involvement of certain processes in the coupling of agonist-receptor interactions to platelet responses. The following chapter deals with platelet arachidonate metabolism and platelet-activating factor, focusing on the release of arachidonate from platelet lipid stores; pathways of platelet arachidonate metabolism and effects of arachidonate metabolites; and inhibition of platelet arachidonate metabolism by aspirin. The structure, function, and modification in disease of platelet membrane glycoproteins are then discussed, along with prothrombin activation on platelets and platelet regulation of thrombus formation. Secreted platelet proteins as markers for pathological disorders are also considered. This monograph is intended as a reference for investigators involved in platelet research as well as a source of information for those working in other areas of biological investigation.

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