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8751-8760 of 14737 results in All results

Molecular Biology

  • 1st Edition
  • November 10, 2012
  • David Nachmansohn
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 1 6 0 3 7 - 7
Molecular Biology: Elementary Processes of Nerve Conduction and Muscle Contraction focuses on the underlying elementary processes of muscular contraction and nerve impulse conduction. This book explores the fundamental concepts and notions in molecular biology. Organized into 11 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the double array model of striated muscle. This text then discusses the structural changes at the molecular level, which occur as a consequence or an accompaniment of the chemical reactions that occur during contraction. Other chapters explain the process by which molecular changes are summated to produce macroscopic shortenings. This book discusses as well the molecular complementarity and chemistry of acetylcholinesterase, which provides significant information for the understanding of nervous activity. The final chapter deals with the structure of guanidinium ion, which consists of three equivalent NH2 groups arranged with a planar trigonal symmetry around the central carbon atom. Physicists, chemists, and biologists will find this book useful.

Molecular Pharmacology V2

  • 1st Edition
  • November 10, 2012
  • E.J. Ariens
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 1 5 7 3 9 - 1
Molecular Pharmacology: The Mode of Action of Biologically Active Compound, Volume II presents the mode of action of bioactive compounds on a molecular level, which concerns a wide variety of pharmacodynamic agents. This book discusses in detail the actions of odorants, the chemotherapeutics used in the fight against cancer, as well as the interactions of substrates and enzymes. Comprised of three parts, this volume starts with an overview of the mode of action of odorants and explores the anatomical and histochemical location of the receptors. This text then explains the molecular processes that are involved olfaction. Other chapters consider the different types of chemotherapeutics used against cancer, such as the antimetabolites and radiomimetics. The final chapter deals with the structure of chemical groups that constitute the receptors and the active sites on the enzymes. This book is a valuable resource for pharmacologists and clinical researchers interested in the study of bioactive compounds.

Biotic Crises in Ecological and Evolutionary Time

  • 1st Edition
  • November 10, 2012
  • Matthew Nitecki
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 1 5 6 4 1 - 7
Biotic Crises in Ecological and Evolutionary Time emerged from the third Field Museum Spring Systematic Symposium held in May 1980. The symposium attempted to explore the nature and effects of crisis over as wide a range of temporal and spatial scales as possible. To this end, contributions were included from such diverse fields as astronomy, paleobiology, ecology, and anthropology. The kinds of crises considered ranged from events in the cosmological history of the universe all the way to the effects of a single introduced species on a present-day living community. The book begins by providing a definition of ""crisis"" and a general discussion of methods and approaches to the study of crises. The subsequent chapters present studies on topics such as the physical mechanisms underlying the cosmological framework in which life evolved; physical disturbance in the life of plants; the impact of species introductions; and evolutionary aspects of pre- and post-interchange fossil land mammal faunas in South America.

Advances in Aquatic Microbiology

  • 1st Edition
  • November 9, 2012
  • M.R. Droop
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 1 5 2 5 0 - 1
Advances in Aquatic Microbiology Volume 1 describes the characteristics of ecological niches for individual microorganisms and the intensities of individual microbiological processes in the course of turnover of various substances in reservoirs. This volume follows Volume 1 of Advances in Microbiology of the Sea book. The opening chapter presents insight to the tradition of Russian limnological microbiology followed by a discussion on conversion of inorganic nitrogen to organic nitrogen, and the microorganisms responsible for assimilatory reactions. The book considers aspects of the reduction of atmospheric dinitrogen and nitrate to ammonia and the incorporation of ammonia into organic compounds. Such considerations will relate particularly to those organisms of significance in aquatic environments. The relations between prey and predator and their significance in the investigation both the behavior of the microorganisms themselves and the prey-predator situation in general are also discussed. Chapter 4 examines how viruses, bacteria, and fungi affect the blue-green algae and the development and regulation of algal blooms. The final two chapters summarize studies in freshwater sediment microbiology and the role of bacteria in water pollution monitoring. This book caters primarily to aquatic microbiologists, but limnological microbiologists, aquatic researchers, scientists, teachers, and students with courses in aquatic microbiology will find this book invaluable.

Ethylene in Plant Biology

  • 1st Edition
  • November 9, 2012
  • Frederick Abeles
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 1 5 6 4 6 - 2
Ethylene in Plant Biology focuses on the role of ethylene in plant physiology and the interrelationship between ethylene, fruit ripening, and respiration. It summarizes the physiology, biochemistry, production, regulation, plant effects, metabolism, and mechanism of action of ethylene. This book presents an introduction to basic chemistry of ethylene and available techniques for its sampling and analysis. Then, it discusses the rate, environmental conditions, and reactions involved in ethylene production. Chapter 4 examines the effects of herbicides and hormones, such as auxin, gibberellins, cytokinins, and abscisic acid, on ethylene production. Meanwhile, the next chapter studies the so-called stress ethylene phenomenon in plants. In particular, this book examines the role of insects, temperature, water, gamma-irradiation, and mechanical and chemical stimuli in stress ethylene. The biochemical aspects of ethylene are covered in the subsequent chapters. These include its role in growth and development of plant, phytogerontological activity, role in ethylene synthesis, respiration, pigmentation, and hormone regulation. Chapter 9 presents the activity of ethylene relative to other hydrocarbon analogs and dose-response relationships for a number of ethylene-mediated processes. The concluding chapters tackle the attachment of ethylene to its site of action, including epinasty, root initiation, intumescence formation, and floral initiation. A discussion on the issue of ethylene air pollution is included. This book will be useful to both undergraduate students and professional workers, especially those who have background in plant anatomy, plant physiology, or biochemistry.

Chemical and Biological Generation of Excited States

  • 1st Edition
  • November 9, 2012
  • Waldermar Adam
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 1 5 2 3 0 - 3
Chemical and Biological Generation of Excited States discusses major aspects of chemical and biological generation of electronic excitation. This book is organized into 11 chapters that focus on both chemi- and bioenergized processes. This book first discusses some of the fundamental aspects of the description of excited state behavior in condensed media. It then examines the field of gas-phase dioxetane chemiluminescence both by itself and in relation to solution-phase studies. The presented analysis is based on statistical mechanics and supported by a very simple limiting case calculation. Chapter 4 describes the state-of-the-art of how excitation yields are determined experimentally in chemienergized processes. This is followed by a discussion on activation parameters and stability trends, focusing on solution-phase data. Chapters 6 and 7 examine solution-phase chemiluminescence resulting from high-energy electron-transfer reaction, often involving aromatic radical ions, and the mechanism of excitation step. The next chapters cover the generation of electronic excited states in bioluminescence and the evaluation of luminescent oxidation mechanisms using oxygen tracers. The chapters also explain the formation of electronically excited products in dark biological processes and the mechanism of chemiexcitation as it relates to redox metabolism. Specific examples of biological oxygenation reactions yielding luminescence are also presented. Furthermore, this book discusses the concept and applicability of chemiluminigenic probing for the quantification and differentiation of oxygenation activities in mammalian phagocytes. The concluding chapter is devoted to the possible formation of singlet oxygen in various systems and processes that mimic singlet oxygen reactions. The book intends to attract young scientists as well as established research workers to broaden the horizons of this rapidly growing and potentially very important field.

Cognitive Processes of Nonhuman Primates

  • 1st Edition
  • November 9, 2012
  • Leonard Jarrard
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 1 6 0 2 9 - 2
Cognitive Processes of Nonhuman Primates covers the proceedings of the Sixth Annual Symposium on Cognition, held at Carnegie-Mellon University on March 26 and 27, 1970. The symposium focuses on the status of research dealing with complex behavioral processes of monkeys and apes, providing insights into complex behavior of human and nonhuman primates. Composed of nine chapters, this book covers short-term memory in the monkey and how this relates to human short-term memory. A chapter compares memory deficits that accompany brain dysfunction in animals and man. The following chapters discuss the analysis of the development of language in a young female chimpanzee and the cogent analysis of interaction between habits and concepts in the monkey. The effects of early deprived and enriched environment on later complex behavioral processes of monkeys are also explained. Moreover, this book goes on examining the nonhuman brain capacities and the continuities with human behavior. It also discusses important research comparing delayed-response performance of several species of monkeys, age groups of children, and adults. The book will be of great help to scientists, researchers, teachers, and students who are interested in cognition processes and memory of nonhuman primates and humans.

Cell Cycle Regulation

  • 1st Edition
  • November 9, 2012
  • James R. Jr. Jeter
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 1 5 8 1 6 - 9
Cell Cycle Regulation describes the interaction of the nuclear genome, the cytoplasmic pools, the organelles, the cell surface, and the extracellular environment that govern the cell cycle regulation. Comprised of 12 chapters, this book includes cell cycle regulation around nuclear chromatin modulation and some aspects of chromatin modification and its effects on gene expression. The opening chapters describe the macromolecular structure of chromatin subunits and the types and kinds of postsynthetic modifications occurring on histones, such as acetylation, methylation, and phosphorylation. The subsequent chapter deals extensively on histone phosphorylation, especially histone H1, H1M, H2A, and H3, during the cell cycle. Another chapter describes a selective histone leakage from nuclei during isolation accounting for the role of histone acetylation and phosphorylation in gene expression. This book goes on examining the assembly of microtubules and structural analysis on the regulatory role of calcium into a pattern for mitosis regulation. Other chapters discuss the methods used to measure intracellular pH changes as a function of the cell cycle of Physarum and the quantitative and qualitative changes taking place during the various phases of the cell cycle. The use of mammalian cell fusion to study cell cycle regulation and the protein synthesis regulation during the cell cycle in Chlamydomonas reinhardi are then discussed. The final chapters focus on the regulation of expression of an inducible structural gene during the cell cycle of the green alga Chlorella. The chapters provide evidence for a model of positive and negative oscillatory control of inducible gene expression. An analysis of the expression of cytoplasmic genes as a function of the cell cycle using pedigrees of a large number of individual yeast cells is also included. This book will appeal to a wide variety of life scientists and to molecular, cellular, and developmental biologists.

The Chromosomal Proteins

  • 1st Edition
  • November 9, 2012
  • E Johns
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 1 5 8 7 4 - 9
The HMG Chromosomal Proteins focuses on various research on HMG proteins, particularly their association with active genes. Composed of literature of authors that are divided into 10 chapters, the book starts with the discussions on the history and problems in the study of chromosomal proteins. The text proceeds with the discussions on the occurrence of HMG proteins in eukaryotes; tissue specificity of HMG proteins; and species specificity and evolution of HMG proteins. The book presents techniques that are used to analyze HMG proteins and provides information on the primary structures of different proteins, such as HMG 14 and HMG 17, and the methods for cleaving these proteins. The processes involved in isolating proteins and postsynthetic modifications of their structures are noted, clarified with the study done on the HMG proteins of rainbow trout. The text ends with discussions on the association of HMG proteins with chromatin and nucleosomes and a tabulation of accumulated data. This selection is valuable for readers interested in studying HMG proteins.

Principles of Biological Regulation

  • 1st Edition
  • November 9, 2012
  • Richard Jones
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 1 5 3 5 3 - 9
Principles of Biological Regulation: An Introduction to Feedback Systems presents some understanding of control, regulatory, and feedback mechanisms in biological systems. This book discusses concepts related to the dynamic behavior of both individual biological processes and systems of processes that make up an organism. Comprised of 10 chapters, the book also describes the characteristics of biological feedback systems, focusing on the physical concepts. After briefly dealing with involved regulatory processes in biological systems, the book goes on discussing the flow or transport of material through a series of processes in the steady-state. Next chapter uses superposition principle to explain the changes that biological systems undergo following a disturbance or under dynamic behavior. The subsequent chapters cover the fundamental principles of negative biological feedback and to the effects it produces both under steady-state and dynamic behavior. Other chapters describe the effect of sinusoid signals on biological processes and present some stability criteria applied to technological systems and also their value in the study of homeostatic processes. The book also discusses some aspects of homeostats that seem to distinguish them from technological feedback systems. These features include not only the components themselves and their organization, but also the experimental problems involved in their study. The concluding chapters describe nonlinear behavior with great relevance to homeostatic systems and rate processes (production or destruction) for which the roles of stimulus and initial conditions are different. Mathematical relations developed from the conservation of mass and the mass action for chemical reactions are also presented. The book is an invaluable resource for life scientists and researchers.

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