The role of environmentally triggered genetic and epigenetic changes in microbial adaptation and evolution is still not broadly appreciated. Brave Genomes: Microbial Genome Plasticity in the Face of Environmental Challenge narrates how microorganisms cope with environmental changes including unanticipated ones. Although it does comprise eukaryotes, it focuses on bacteria and – whenever possible – on archaea.Among the environmentally sensitive sources of genome plasticity, the book treats tandem repeats, mutagenic break repair, transcription-associated mutagenesis and transposable elements. Additionally, it deals with epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation and regulatory RNA-based systems. These not only regulate the activity of mobile DNA, they can also synergize with it. In closing, symbiosis and genetic noise are also discussed as possible sources of phenotypic plasticity.Brave Genomes emphasizes the role of the environment in generating genotypic and phenotypic diversity. This emerges, in turn, as the most efficient response to challenging conditions.
Diagnosis and Management of Poultry Coccidiosis provides a comprehensive overview of current trends in the control of Eimeria and coccidiosis. Chicken coccidiosis cost the global economy $12.58 billion in 2016, including lost productivity and expenditures associated with prevention and treatment. As a result, chicken producers have developed several management approaches to combat coccidiosis. With consumer and regulatory pressure, nutritional interventions, and the need to identify anticoccidial alternatives that do not impair growth performance, this book contemplates the antibiotic-free future of the chicken industry.Initial chapters in this book introduce readers to chicken coccidiosis and the identification and diagnosis of the Eimeria parasite. Subsequent chapters describe innate and adaptive immune responses of poultry to Eimeria and delve into the purification of Eimeria lifecycle stages and in vitro culture systems for the study of Eimeria. The latter half of the book examines a variety of modern immunization measures, dietary interventions, and anticoccidial medications designed to combat coccidiosis.
Grapevine: Added-Value and Applications, Volume 111 in the Advances in Botanical Research series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on exciting and timely topics such as Biorefinery based bioproducts and future prospective of vineyard and winery waste, Side-streams of wine industry: insights and learned lessons for making real the vision of reliable pharmacological applications, Grapevine as a natural resource in the cosmetic industry, Biology of the main grapevine viruses and their effects on vine growth, yield, and grape chemical composition, Table grapes: Health implications and approaches to improve the quality during the cultivation, and more.Additional sections cover topics such as Controlling authenticity throughout the wine production chain and Wine consumption versus health: the dilemma.
Microplastics in Agriculture and Food Science: Methods for Identification and Remediation presents fundamental insights into the sources of microplastics and their impact on important agricultural, food, and environmental resources. Presenting insights into these highly related fields, this book is the first to enable cross- and multidisciplinary understanding and application.Microplastics are tiny particles created during plastic production as well as those particles remaining when plastic degrades and breaks down. They are sometimes difficult to identify, and the methods for qualifying and classifying them are not always clear despite the importance of their recognition and remediation. With insights into analytical methods including the challenges, this book addresses microplastics from the farm to the food pyramid, highlighting the issues they raise and the options for removing them.Written by a global team of experts, this volume contributes to further understanding and addressing of this increasing global challenge, and is an excellent resource for researchers in agricultural science, environmental science, and food science (particularly food chemistry and food packaging).
Organic Mechanochemistry: A New Tool for Sustainable Synthesis presents the greener chemical method to a broader reading audience, including chemical practitioners. Descriptions of each method, followed by examples on sustainability aspects and applications give readers a better understanding and realization of its possibilities. Mechanochemistry, a nonconventional method for inducing the chemical reaction by application of mechanical energy in solid state, has been recognized as beneficial as mechanochemically conducted reactions hold diverse environmental sustainability advantages in manufacturing processes.
Osmolytes and Intrinsically Disordered Proteins: From Functional Regulation to Disease Pathogenesis, Volume 112 delves into the fascinating interplay between osmolytes and intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs), exploring their pivotal roles in cellular function and disease mechanisms. This volume brings together experts to present cutting-edge research on how osmolytes regulate functional behavior of IDPs and ensure cellular stability and adaptability under stress conditions. Specific chapters cover Functional diversity of IDPs and their structural heterogeneity: Protein structure-function continuum, Osmolytes as structure-function regulators of intrinsically disordered casein, Synergism of the effects of osmolytes and crowders on structure and function of IDPs/IDRs: The natural habitat, and more.Additional chapters delve into Osmolyte-IDP Interactions during Desiccation, Modulation of aggregation/fibrillation propensity of IDPs by osmolytes, Osmolytes in modulating the structural and functional integrity of α-synuclein: a study based on Parkinson's disease, Regulation of the structural dynamics, aggregation, and pathogenicity of polyQ-expanded Huntingtin by osmolytes, Aggregation and inhibitory strategies of amyloid fibrillation, and much more.
Hormones and Cancer, Volume 127 in the Vitamins and Hormones series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters. Each chapter is written by an international board of authors. Chapters in this new release include TARGETING STEROID HORMONE RECEPTORS FOR ANTI-CANCER THERAPY, FUNCTIONS OF DHEA IN RELATION TO BREAST CANCER, ROLE OF rhTSH IN MANAGEMENT OF DIFFERENTIATED THYROID CANCER, SEX HORMONES, INSULIN AND INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTORS IN ENDOMETRIAL CANCER, HIGHER THYROID HORMONE LEVELS AND CANCER, LiFESTYLE IMPACT ON ESTROGEN, HORMONES AND CANCER, and much more.Additional sections cover EPIGENETICS OF KISS1 IN REPRODUCTION AND CANCER, HISTOPATHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF ALDOSTERONE-PRODUCING LESIONS ACCORDING TO THEIR DIFFERENT SOMATIC GENETIC MUTATIONS, TARGETING EPIGENETIC EFFECTS OF ANDROGENS IN PROSTATE CANCER, Microbiome-Estrogen Connection in Cancer Risk, PREDICTING HYPGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM PERSISTENCE IN MALE MACROPROLACTINOMA, and much more.
Biotechnology: The Technological Applications of Genetics and Genomics, Third Edition, approaches modern biotechnology from a molecular basis, discussing how the fields of genetics, molecular biology, microbiology, and biochemistry are merging their respective discoveries into the expanding applied field of biotechnology. Each chapter starts with basic concepts that develop into more specific and detailed applications, providing readers with a good image of possibilities and current limitations in the field and future research directions.This new edition has been fully revised and updated to include research advances, and has new chapters on artificial intelligence, genome editing, precision and personalized medicine, and more. This book is an invaluable resource to anyone interested in understanding what molecular biotechnology is as a scientific discipline, how research in this area is conducted, and how this technology may impact the future.
Primate Adaptation and Evolution, Fourth Edition provides key features of extant families and references to more detailed texts. The book sets the scene and creates space for a thorough updating of exciting developments in primate paleontology and a reconstruction through early hominid species of our own human origins. This updated version covers recent developments in primate paleontology, the latest taxonomy, and includes new visuals, including helpful illustrations and evolutionary trees. It is an ideal text for undergraduate and post-graduate students studying the evolution and functional ecology of primates and early fossil hominids.The book retains its grounding in the extant primate groups as the best way to understand the fossil trail and evolution of these modern forms. However, this coverage is now more streamlined, referring to the many new and excellent books on living primate ecology and adaptation - a field that has burgeoned since this book's first publication.
Major advances in neurobiology and the clinical neurosciences have occurred in the past decade. Encyclopedia of the Neurological Sciences, Third Edition, Seven Volume Set, will cover and review all major areas of neuroscience and will be one of the few publications that can provide a complete overview of the neurological sciences in an easily accessible electronic format. All 21 sections and approx. 600 chapters will contain extensive supplemental links to useful references. Of special note are the new and paradigm shifting developments in genetics, immunology, molecular neurobiology, neuro-diagnostic tools and therapies for neurological disorders. This new edition will provide a thorough and easily accessible update in all areas of the neurological sciences. The sections and chapters will be written by internationally recognized experts from around the world and will be a valuable resource for all researchers, students and established scientists in the fields of neurology, psychiatry, and neurosurgery.