Medical Biochemistry
- 1st Edition - April 14, 2017
- Authors: Antonio Blanco, Gustavo Blanco
- Language: English
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 0 3 5 8 7 - 0
Medical Biochemistry is supported by over forty years of teaching experience, providing coverage of basic biochemical concepts, including the structure and physical and chemical… Read more
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Medical Biochemistry is supported by over forty years of teaching experience, providing coverage of basic biochemical concepts, including the structure and physical and chemical properties of hydrocarbons, lipids, proteins, and nucleotides in a straightforward and easy to comprehend language. The book develops these concepts into the more complex aspects of biochemistry using a systems approach, dedicating chapters to the integral study of biological phenomena, including particular aspects of metabolism in some organs and tissues, and the biochemical bases of endocrinology, immunity, vitamins, hemostasis, and apoptosis.
- Integrates basic biochemistry principles with molecular biology and molecular physiology
- Provides translational relevance to basic biochemical concepts though medical and physiological examples
- Utilizes a systems approach to understanding biological phenomena
Researchers and clinicians in biochemistry, molecular biology, molecular medicine, medical faculty, and postdocs, medical students and graduate students in related fields of study
Chapter 1: Chemical Composition of Living Beings
- Abstract
- Biogenic elements
- Biological compounds
- Summary
Chapter 2: Water
- Abstract
- The water molecule is polar
- Hydrogen bond
- Water as solvent
- Water as an electrolyte
- Equilibrium constant
- Equilibrium of water ionization
- Acids and bases
- Acids and bases strength
- pH
- Buffers
- Titration curve of acids and bases
- Appendix
- Summary
Chapter 3: Proteins
- Abstract
- Proteins are macromolecules formed by amino acids
- Amino acids
- Peptides
- Proteins
- Collagen
- Keratins
- Hemoglobin
- Heme
- Globin
- Hemoglobin derivatives
- Abnormal hemoglobins
- Blood plasma proteins
- Main proteins in blood plasma
- Muscle proteins
- Muscle contraction
- Summary
Chapter 4: Carbohydrates
- Abstract
- Monosaccharides
- Disaccharides
- Polysaccharides
- Summary
Chapter 5: Lipids
- Abstract
- Classification
- Fatty acids
- Essential fatty acids
- Simple lipids
- Complex lipids
- Substances associated with lipids
- Summary
Chapter 6: Nucleic Acids
- Abstract
- Nucleotides
- Nucleic acids
- Virus
- Free nucleotides
- Summary
Chapter 7: Elements of Thermodynamics and Biochemical Kinetics
- Abstract
- Thermodynamics
- Chemical kinetics
- Summary
Chapter 8: Enzymes
- Abstract
- Enzymes are biological catalysts
- Nomenclature and classification of enzymes
- Chemical nature of enzymes
- Metalloenzymes
- Enzymatic catalysis
- Active site
- Zymogens
- Genetic alterations that affect enzyme function
- Enzyme distribution within the cell
- Multienzyme systems
- Determination of enzyme activity
- Factors that modify enzyme activity
- Enzyme inhibitors
- Regulation of enzyme activity
- Constitutive and inducible enzymes
- Enzymatic processes in cascade
- Isozymes
- Determination of enzymes in the clinical laboratory
- Summary
Chapter 9: Biological Oxidations: Bioenergetics
- Abstract
- The energy-rich intermediate ATP
- Oxidation–reduction
- Biological oxidations
- Respiratory chain
- Oxidative phosphorylation
- Phosphorylation at substrate level
- Other electron transport systems
- Summary
Chapter 10: Antioxidants
- Abstract
- Reactive species
- Summary
Chapter 11: Membranes
- Abstract
- Structure
- Transport across membranes
- Passive transport or facilitated diffusion
- Active transport
- Summary
Chapter 12: Digestion - Absorption
- Abstract
- Saliva
- Gastric juice
- Pancreatic juice
- Intestinal mucosa
- Bile
- Summary of the digestive process
- Absorption
- Summary
Chapter 13: Metabolism
- Abstract
- Metabolic pathways
- Metabolic studies
- Regulation of metabolism
- Summary
Chapter 14: Carbohydrate Metabolism
- Abstract
- Glucose uptake into cells
- Glucose phosphorylation
- Metabolic pathways for glucose
- Metabolism of other hexoses
- Biosynthesis of the oligosaccharides of glycoproteins
- Summary
Chapter 15: Lipid Metabolism
- Abstract
- Blood lipids
- Plasma lipoproteins
- Tissue lipids
- Fat metabolism
- Fatty acid catabolism
- Fatty acid biosynthesis
- Eicosanoid biosynthesis
- Triacylglycerol biosynthesis
- Biosynthesis of phospholipids
- Congenital disorders of complex lipid catabolism
- Cholesterol metabolism
- Cholesterol biosynthesis
- Summary
Chapter 16: Amino Acid Metabolism
- Abstract
- Essential amino acids
- Amino acid catabolism
- Metabolic pathways of ammonia
- Other general mechanisms of amino acid metabolism
- Metabolic pathways of amino acids
- Summary
Chapter 17: Heme Metabolism
- Abstract
- Heme biosynthesis
- Catabolism of heme
- Summary
Chapter 18: Purine and Pyrimidine Metabolism
- Abstract
- Purine biosynthesis
- Purine salvage pathway
- Purine catabolism
- Uric acid
- Gout
- Pyrimidine biosynthesis
- Pyrimidine catabolism
- Di- and triphosphate nucleoside biosynthesis
- Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis
- Pharmacological applications
- Summary
Chapter 19: Integration and Regulation of Metabolism
- Abstract
- Metabolic integration
- Metabolic regulation
- Summary
Chapter 20: Metabolism in Some Tissues
- Abstract
- Liver metabolism
- Skeletal muscle metabolism
- Heart metabolism
- Adipose tissue metabolism
- Nervous tissue metabolism
- Summary
Chapter 21: The Genetic Information (I)
- Abstract
- DNA replication
- Transcription
- Methods used in molecular biology
- Summary
Chapter 22: The Genetic Information (II)
- Abstract
- Protein biosynthesis
- Mechanism of protein biosynthesis
- Genetic mutations
- Oncogenes
- Epigenetics
- Summary
Chapter 23: Regulation of Gene Expression
- Abstract
- Gene regulation in eukaryotes
- Structure of gene regulatory proteins
- Role of noncoding RNAs
- Small RNAs
- Long noncoding RNA
- Riboswitches
- CRISPR
- Summary
Chapter 24: Posttranslational Protein Modifications
- Abstract
- Protein folding
- Pathologies caused by misfolded proteins
- Posttranslational protein modifications
- ADP-ribosylation
- Ubiquitination
- Sumoylation
- Nucleotidylation
- Summary
Chapter 25: Biochemical Basis of Endocrinology (I) Receptors and Signal Transduction
- Abstract
- Receptors
- Signal transduction systems
- Neurotransmitter receptors
- Summary
Chapter 26: Biochemical Bases of Endocrinology (II) Hormones and Other Chemical Intermediates
- Abstract
- Hormones: chemical nature
- Hypothalamic hormones
- Anterior pituitary (adenohypophysys)
- Adrenocorticotropin hormone
- Thyroid-stimulating hormone
- Gonadotropins
- Lactogenic hormone or prolactin
- Growth hormone or somatotropin
- Melanocyte stimulatory hormone
- Placenta
- Chorionic gonadotropin hormone
- Placental lactogen
- Posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis)
- Oxytocin
- Arginine vasopressin
- Thyroid
- Adrenal gland
- Adrenal cortex hormones
- Adrenal medulla hormones
- Pancreas
- Insulin
- Glucagon
- Somatostatin
- Glucose homeostasis
- Diabetes mellitus
- Testis androgens
- Ovary
- Ovarian hormones
- Ovarian peptide hormones
- Parathyroid gland
- Parathyroid hormone
- Calcitonin
- Kidney
- Renin
- Erythropoietin
- Bradykinin
- Endothelin
- Urodilatin
- Calcitriol
- Heart
- Gastrointestinal hormones
- Gastrin
- Secretin
- Cholecystokinin
- Vasoactive intestinal peptide
- Enteroglucagon
- Ghrelin
- Amylin
- Galanin
- Pineal gland
- Eicosanoids
- Growth factors
- Nervous system chemical intermediaries
- Summary
Chapter 27: Vitamins
- Abstract
- Fat-soluble vitamins
- Soluble vitamins
- Summary
Chapter 28: Water and Acid–Base Balance
- Abstract
- Water distribution in the body
- Water balance
- Ionic composition of body fluids
- Alterations of the water balance
- H+ concentration in body fluids
- Regulation of H+ concentration
- Carbon dioxide transport
- Regulatory systems
- Respiratory regulation
- Renal regulation
- Regulation of intracellular pH
- Acid–base balance disorders
- H+ excretion regulation
- Laboratory studies in acid–base disorders
- Summary
Chapter 29: Essential Minerals
- Abstract
- Macrominerals
- Trace elements
- Summary
Chapter 30: Molecular Basis of Immunity
- Abstract
- Immune system
- Innate system
- Adaptive system
- Genetic diversity of immunoglobulins
- Complement
- Cellular immunity
- Cytokines
- Summary
Chapter 31: Hemostasis
- Abstract
- Blood coagulation
- Summary
Chapter 32: Apoptosis
- Abstract
- Extrinsic pathway
- Intrinsic or mitochondrial pathway
- Summary
- Edition: 1
- Published: April 14, 2017
- Language: English
AB
Antonio Blanco
Dr. Antonio Blanco is an M.D. and Ph.D. at the National University of Cordoba, Argentina. He was Research Associate at The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine at Baltimore (US) for 4 years. He has been the Chairman of the Department of Biochemistry of the National University of Cordoba for 31 years and is currently Emeritus Professor of the National University of Cordoba, Argentina. He is also a member of several academic societies, including the National Academy of Sciences, and the National Academy of Physical and Natural Sciences of Argentina.
Affiliations and expertise
Emeritus Professor, National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, ArgentinaGB
Gustavo Blanco
Dr. Gustavo Blanco is an M.D. and Ph.D. from the University of Cordoba, Argentina and currently a Professor at Kansas University Medical Center. Dr. Blanco’s research focuses on renal biology and reproductive biology, as well as regulation and function of Na,K-ATPase isozymes. He has published widely in such peer reviewed journals as the Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, Steroids, Experimental Cell Research, Molecules, Frontiers in Physiology, and the American Journal of Physiology.
Affiliations and expertise
Professor and Kathleen M. Osborn Chair, Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS United StatesRead Medical Biochemistry on ScienceDirect