Journals in Mathematics
Journals in Mathematics
The Mathematics collection presents a range of foundational and advanced research content across applied and discrete mathematics, including fields such as Computational Mathematics; Differential Equations; Linear Algebra; Modelling & Simulation; Numerical Analysis; Probability & Statistics.
Journal of Process Control
A journal of IFAC, the International Federation of Automatic ControlThis international journal covers the application of control theory, operations research, computer science and engineering principles to the solution of process control problems. In addition to the traditional chemical processing and manufacturing applications, the scope of process control problems involves a wide range of applications that includes energy processes, nano-technology, systems biology, bio-medical engineering, pharmaceutical processing technology, energy storage and conversion, smart grid, and data analytics among others.Papers on the theory in these areas will also be accepted provided the theoretical contribution is aimed at the application and the development of process control techniques.Topics covered include:• Control applications• Process monitoring• Plant-wide control• Process control systems• Control techniques and algorithms• Process modelling and simulation• Design methodsAdvanced design methods exclude well established and widely studied traditional design techniques such as PID tuning and its many variants. Applications in fields such as control of automotive engines, machinery and robotics are not deemed suitable unless a clear motivation for the relevance to process control is provided.For more details on the International Federation of Automatic Control (IFAC), access their home page.- ISSN: 0959-1524
Applied Numerical Mathematics
An IMACS JournalApplied Numerical Mathematics provides a forum for the publication of high quality research and tutorial papers in computational mathematics.The journal publishes: • traditional issues and problems in numerical analysis • relevant applications in such fields as physics, fluid dynamics, engineering • other branches of applied science with a computational mathematics componentThe journal strives to be flexible in the type of papers it publishes and their format. Equally desirable are: Full papers, which should be complete and relatively self-contained original contributions with an introduction that can be understood by the broad computational mathematics community. Both rigorous and heuristic styles are acceptable. Of particular interest are papers about new areas of research, in which other than strictly mathematical arguments may be important in establishing a basis for further developments.Tutoria... review papers, covering some of the important issues in Numerical Mathematics, Scientific Computing and their Applications. The journal will occasionally publish contributions which are larger than the usual format for regular papers.Short notes, which present specific new results and techniques in a brief communication.The journal strives to provide authors with a refereed outlet for their work which is subject to the least possible publication delay.Fractional calculus: Due to the number of submissions and the limited number of Editors and Reviewers in this area, the journal is limiting the number of submissions to 5 per month. Please be advised that your paper may be desk rejected due to this new restriction.- ISSN: 0168-9274
Journal of Approximation Theory
The Journal of Approximation Theory is devoted to advances in pure and applied approximation theory and related areas. These areas include, among others:Classical approximation Abstract approximation Constructive approximation Degree of approximation Fourier expansions Interpolation of operatorsGeneral orthogonal systems Interpolation and quadratures Multivariate approximation Orthogonal polynomials Padé approximation Rational approximationSpline functions of one and several variables Approximation by radial basis functions in Euclidean spaces, on spheres, and on more general manifolds Special functions with strong connections to classical harmonic analysis, orthogonal polynomial, and approximation theory (as opposed to combinatorics, number theory, representation theory, generating functions, formal theory, and so forth) Approximation theoretic aspects of real or complex function theory, function theory, difference or differential equations, function spaces, or harmonic analysis Wavelet Theory and its applications in signal and image processing, and in differential equations with special emphasis on connections between wavelet theory and elements of approximation theory (such as approximation orders, Besov and Sobolev spaces, and so forth) Gabor (Weyl-Heisenberg) expansions and sampling theoryThis journal has an Open Archive. All published items, including research articles, have unrestricted access and will remain permanently free to read and download 48 months after publication. All papers in the Archive are subject to Elsevier's user license.- ISSN: 0021-9045
Differential Geometry and its Applications
Differential Geometry and its Applications publishes original research papers and survey papers in differential geometry and in all interdisciplinary areas in mathematics which use differential geometric methods and investigate geometrical structures. The following main areas are covered: differential equations on manifolds, global analysis, Lie groups, local and global differential geometry, the calculus of variations on manifolds, topology of manifolds, and mathematical physics.This journal has an Open Archive. All published items, including research articles, have unrestricted access and will remain permanently free to read and download 48 months after publication. All papers in the Archive are subject to Elsevier's user license.- ISSN: 0926-2245
Nonlinear Analysis
An International Mathematical JournalNonlinear Analysis aims at publishing high-quality research papers broadly related to the analysis of partial differential equations and their applications. Submissions are encouraged in the areas of expertise of the editorial board.- ISSN: 0362-546X
Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence
A journal of IFAC, The International Federation of Automatic Control. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is playing a major role in the fourth industrial revolution, and we are seeing a lot of evolution in various machine learning methodologies. AI techniques are widely used by the practicing engineer to solve a whole range of hitherto intractable problems. Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence provides an international forum for rapid publication of work describing the practical application of AI methods in all branches of engineering. Submitted papers should report novel aspects of AI used for a real-world engineering application and also validated using public data sets for easy replicability of the research results.Focal points of the journal include, but are not limited to, innovative applications of:Internet–of–thing... and cyber-physical systemsIntelligent transportation systems & smart vehiclesBig data analytics, understanding complex networksNeural networks, fuzzy systems, neuro-fuzzy systemsDeep learning and real-world applicationsSelf-org... emerging or bio-inspired systemGlobal optimization, Meta-heuristics and their applications: Evolutionary Algorithms, swarm intelligence, nature and biologically inspired meta-heuristics, etc.Architectures, algorithms and techniques for distributed AI systems, including multi-agent based control and holonic controlDecision-supp... systemsAspects of reasoning: abductive, case-based, model-based, non-monotonic, incomplete, progressive and approximate reasoningApplication... of chaos theory and fractalsReal-time intelligent automation, and their associated supporting methodologies and techniques, including control theory and industrial informaticsKnowledge processing, knowledge elicitation and acquisition, knowledge representation, knowledge compaction, knowledge bases, expert systemsPerception, e.g. image processing, pattern recognition, vision systems, tactile systems, speech recognition and synthesisAspects of software engineering, e.g. intelligent programming environments, verification and validation of AI-based software, software and hardware architectures for the real-time use of AI techniques, safety and reliabilityIntellige... fault detection, fault analysis, diagnostics and monitoringIndustrial experiences in the application of the above techniques, e.g. case studies or benchmarking exercisesRoboticsPap... which do not respect the four following conditions will be desk-rejected without being sent for peer review:Papers on new metaphor-based metaheuristics are very rarely accepted by Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence (please see further details in the ‘Article types’ section of the Guide for Authors)The abstract should clearly specify which is the contribution in AI, and which is the application in engineeringThe use of undefined acronyms in the title and in the abstract is forbiddenThe papers must be formatted in single-column formatFor more details on the International Federation of Automatic Control (IFAC), visit their home page.- ISSN: 0952-1976
Journal of Differential Equations
The Journal of Differential Equations is concerned with the theory and the application of differential equations. The articles published are addressed not only to mathematicians but also to those engineers, physicists, and other scientists for whom differential equations are valuable research tools.Research Areas Include:Mathematical control theory Ordinary differential equations Partial differential equationsStochastic differential equations Topological dynamicsRelated topicsThis journal has an Open Archive. All published items, including research articles, have unrestricted access and will remain permanently free to read and download 48 months after publication. All papers in the Archive are subject to Elsevier's user license.- ISSN: 0022-0396
European Journal of Combinatorics
The European Journal of Combinatorics is a high standard, international, bimonthly journal of pure mathematics, specializing in theories arising from combinatorial problems. The journal is primarily open to papers dealing with mathematical structures within combinatorics and/or establishing direct links between combinatorics and other branches of mathematics and the theories of computing. The journal includes full-length research papers on important topics.This journal has an Open Archive. All published items, including research articles, have unrestricted access and will remain permanently free to read and download 48 months after publication. All papers in the Archive are subject to Elsevier's user license.- ISSN: 0195-6698
Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications
The Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications presents papers that treat mathematical analysis and its numerous applications. In applications the journal emphasizes articles devoted to the mathematical treatment of questions arising in physics, chemistry, biology, and engineering, particularly those that stress analytical aspects and novel problems and their solutions.Papers are sought in one or more of the following areas:Analytic number theory Applied mathematics Approximation theory Calculus of Variations Combinatorics Complex analysis Control and Optimization Dynamical systems Functional analysis and operator theory Mathematical biology Mathematical physics Numerical analysis Partial differential equations Probability Real and harmonic analysisThis journal has an Open Archive. All published items, including research articles, have unrestricted access and will remain permanently free to read and download 48 months after publication. All papers in the Archive are subject to Elsevier's user license.- ISSN: 0022-247X
Computers & Mathematics with Applications
Computers & Mathematics with Applications provides a medium of exchange for those engaged in fields contributing to building successful simulations for science and engineering using Partial Differential Equations (PDEs).The following are the principal areas of interest of the journal: Modeling using PDEs.Analysis of mathematical models, formulated in terms of PDEs.Discretization Methods and Numerical Analysis for PDEs.Numerical linear and nonlinear algebra. Fast numerical algorithms.Algorithm... and Data Structures. Adaptivity. Computational Geometry.Software Design, Code verification and Quality Assurance (QA).Verification and Validation.- ISSN: 0898-1221
Journal of Symbolic Computation
An international journal, the Journal of Symbolic Computation, founded by Bruno Buchberger in 1985, is directed to mathematicians and computer scientists who have a particular interest in symbolic computation. The journal provides a forum for research in the algorithmic treatment of all types of symbolic objects: objects in formal languages (terms, formulas, programs); algebraic objects (elements in basic number domains, polynomials, residue classes, etc.); and geometrical objects.It is the explicit goal of the journal to promote the integration of symbolic computation by establishing one common avenue of communication for researchers working in the different subareas. It is also important that the algorithmic achievements of these areas should be made available to the human problem-solver in integrated software systems for symbolic computation. To help this integration, the journal publishes invited tutorial surveys as well as Applications Letters and System Descriptions.Researc... Areas Include:Computationa... algebra Computational geometry (non-linear) Automated theorem proving Automatic programming Design and implementation of symbolic computation languages and systems Applications in education, science, engineering and industryThis journal has an Open Archive. All published items, including research articles, have unrestricted access and will remain permanently free to read and download 48 months after publication. All papers in the Archive are subject to Elsevier's user license.- ISSN: 0747-7171
Big Data Research
The journal aims to promote and communicate advances in big data research by providing a fast and high quality forum for researchers, practitioners and policy makers from the very many different communities working on, and with, this topic.The journal will accept papers on foundational aspects in dealing with big data, as well as papers on specific Platforms and Technologies used to deal with big data. To promote Data Science and interdisciplinary collaboration between fields, and to showcase the benefits of data driven research, papers demonstrating applications of big data in domains as diverse as Geoscience, Social Web, Finance, e-Commerce, Health Care, Environment and Climate, Physics and Astronomy, Chemistry, life sciences and drug discovery, digital libraries and scientific publications, security and government will also be considered. Occasionally the journal may publish whitepapers on policies, standards and best practices.- ISSN: 2214-5796
Journal of Combinatorial Theory, Series A
The Journal of Combinatorial Theory, Series A publishes original mathematical research concerned with theoretical and practical aspects of combinatorics in all branches of science. The journal is primarily concerned with finite and discrete structures, designs, finite geometries, codes, combinatorics with number theory, combinatorial games, extremal combinatorics, combinatorics of storage, algebraic geometry over finite fields and other important theory/applications of combinatorics. It is a valuable tool for mathematicians and computer scientists, and for scientists working in information theory.As one of the premier journals in these areas, the journal sets very high standards for publication. Manuscripts accepted by the journal are generally expected to solve or make a significant step towards a solution of an important open problem, to develop a new proof technique, or to substantially advance our knowledge in some other way. The journal imposes even higher standards for accepting very long papers. Survey papers are in general not considered, unless they are of exceptionally high quality, dealing with a fundamentally important and trending topic in combinatorics. Only papers which are well-written and appear to be within these high standards will proceed to a phase of review which involves a detailed refereeing process.- ISSN: 0097-3165
Topology and its Applications
Topology and its Applications is primarily concerned with publishing original research papers of moderate length. However, a limited number of carefully selected survey or expository papers are also included. The mathematical focus of the journal is that suggested by the title: Research in Topology. It is felt that it is inadvisable to attempt a definitive description of topology as understood for this journal. Certainly the subject includes the algebraic, general, geometric, and set-theoretic facets of topology as well as areas of interactions between topology and other mathematical disciplines, e.g. topological algebra, topological dynamics, functional analysis, category theory. Since the roles of various aspects of topology continue to change, the non-specific delineation of topics serves to reflect the current state of research in topology.This journal has an Open Archive. All published items, including research articles, have unrestricted access and will remain permanently free to read and download 48 months after publication. All papers in the Archive are subject to Elsevier's user license.- ISSN: 0166-8641
Spatial Statistics
Spatial Statistics publishes articles on the theory and application of spatial and spatio-temporal statistics. It favours manuscripts that present theory generated by new applications, or in which new theory is applied to an important practical case. A purely theoretical study will only rarely be accepted. Pure case studies and algorithms without methodological development are not acceptable for publication.Spatial Statistics concerns the quantitative analysis of spatial and spatio-temporal data, including their statistical dependencies, heterogeneity, accuracy and uncertainties. Methodology for spatial statistics is typically found in probability theory, stochastic modelling and mathematical statistics as well as in information and computer science. Spatial statistics is used in mapping, assessing spatial data quality, sampling design optimisation, modelling of spatial structures, and drawing of valid inference and causality from a limited set of spatio-temporal data. Application fields include:• The physical domains, e.g. environment, climate, agriculture, ecology, geosciences oceanography and remote sensing. • The social/economic domains, e.g. epidemiology, population characteristics, and disease mapping.Spatial Statistics encourages the submission of short communications and case studies in spatial statistics (i.e. manuscripts up to 3000 words presenting novel spatial statistical applications).Spatia... Statistics aims to publish reproducible science. Authors are encouraged to submit and publish data, procedures, models and methods that support your research publication. It provides facilities to interlink those with your published articles.Spatial Statistics has an open attitude towards the latest developments in data science, deep learning and geoAI, as long as a substantial statistical component is present.- ISSN: 2211-6753
Historia Mathematica
A publication of the International Commission on the History of Mathematics of the Division of the History of Science of the International Union of the History and Philosophy of Science.Historia Mathematica publishes historical scholarship on mathematics and its development in all cultures and time periods. In particular, the journal encourages informed studies on mathematicians and their work in historical context, on the histories of institutions and organizations supportive of the mathematical endeavor, on historiographical topics in the history of mathematics, and on the interrelations between mathematical ideas, science, and the broader culture.In addition to research articles, Historia Mathematica also publishes book reviews, abstracts of the current literature in the history of mathematics, notes and sources, and occasionally letters to the editor.Research Areas can include any of the following, provided that the article treats mathematics and its history in a substantial way:Historiography Interrelations between mathematics and the natural sciences, social sciences, humanities, arts, religion, and education Mathematicians and their work in context Organizations and institutions Pure and applied mathematical developments Sociology of mathematicsThis journal has an Open Archive. All published items, including research articles, have unrestricted access and will remain permanently free to read and download 48 months after publication. All papers in the Archive are subject to Elsevier's user license.- ISSN: 0315-0860
Applied Mathematics and Computation
Applied Mathematics and Computation addresses work at the interface between applied mathematics, numerical computation, and applications of systems – oriented ideas to the physical, biological, social, and behavioral sciences, and emphasizes papers of a computational nature focusing on new algorithms, their analysis and numerical results.In addition to presenting research papers, Applied Mathematics and Computation publishes review articles and single–topics issues.- ISSN: 0096-3003
Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference
The Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference offers itself as a multifaceted and all-inclusive bridge between classical aspects of statistics and probability, and the emerging interdisciplinary aspects that have a potential of revolutionizing the subject. While we maintain our traditional strength in statistical inference, design, classical probability, and large sample methods, we also have a far more inclusive and broadened scope to keep up with the new problems that confront us as statisticians, mathematicians, and scientists, such as clustering, post model selection inference, deep learning and random networks.We publish high quality articles in all branches of statistics, probability, discrete mathematics, machine learning, and bioinformatics. We also especially welcome well written and up to date review articles on fundamental themes of statistics, probability, machine learning, and general biostatistics. Thoughtful letters to the editors, interesting problems in need of a solution, and short notes carrying an element of elegance or beauty are equally welcome.We want to serve as the broadest international platform for high quality research on every aspect of our field, traditional and cutting edge. The quality and the breadth of our editorial board reflects that singular priority.- ISSN: 0378-3758
Expositiones Mathematicae
This journal publishes articles in English in all branches of mathematics under the headings “Survey Articles”, "Main Research Articles" and "Short Research Notes".Survey articles - are expositions on contemporary mathematical research written in a way that a research student or a mathematician who may not be an expert on the topic can read them profitably. Authored by leading experts, survey articles should offer a well-organized, critical and in-depth overview of a specific research area. There is no page limit for survey articles.Main research articles - must contain significant new results, provide enough background information on the research topic and make high-level research accessible to a broad audience. Main research articles are expected to have at least eleven pages.Short research notes - may present high-quality research on specialized topics, even if the scope is narrower or the level slightly more advanced. Short research notes should not exceed ten pages in length.Clarity of exposition, accuracy of the details, quality of research results, and the relevance and interest of the subject matter will be the decisive factors in our acceptance for publication of an article.- ISSN: 0723-0869
Journal of Complexity
The multidisciplinarym Journal of Complexity publishes original research papers that contain substantial mathematical results on complexity as broadly conceived. Outstanding review papers will also be published. In the area of computational complexity, the focus is on complexity over the reals, with the emphasis on lower bounds and optimal algorithms. Journal of Complexity also publishes articles that provide major new algorithms or make important progress on upper bounds. Other models of computation, such as the Turing machine model, are also of interest. Computational complexity results in a wide variety of areas are solicited.Areas Include: Approximation theoryBiomedical computingCompressed computing and sensing Computational financeComputational number theoryComputational stochasticsControl theoryCryptographyDe... of experimentsDifferent... equationsDiscrete problemsDistributed and parallel computationHigh and infinite-dimensional problemsInformation-... complexityInverse and ill-posed problems Machine learningMarkov chain Monte Carlo Monte Carlo and quasi-Monte CarloMultivariate integration and approximationNoisy dataNonlinear and algebraic equationsNumerical analysisOperator equationsOptimizatio... computingScientific computationTractabil... of multivariate problemsVision and image understandingThis journal has an Open Archive. All published items, including research articles, have unrestricted access and will remain permanently free to read and download 48 months after publication. All papers in the Archive are subject to Elsevier's user license.- ISSN: 0885-064X
Nonlinear Analysis: Real World Applications
Nonlinear Analysis: Real World Applications welcomes all research articles of the highest quality with special emphasis on applying techniques of nonlinear analysis to model and to treat nonlinear phenomena with which nature confronts us. Coverage of applications includes any branch of science and technology such as solid and fluid mechanics, material science, mathematical biology and chemistry, control theory, and inverse problems.The aim of Nonlinear Analysis: Real World Applications is to publish articles which are predominantly devoted to employing methods and techniques from analysis, including partial differential equations, functional analysis, dynamical systems and evolution equations, calculus of variations, and bifurcations theory.Two papers per year rule All the authors and co-authors cannot submit more than two papers to this journal (including co-authored papers) within a period of twelve (12) months. If you or one of your co-authors have already submitted two papers within a period of 12 months or less, your third submission (if any) will be returned to you.Rejection due to poor English Some papers with good mathematics have been rejected from this journal due to the poor level of English within the paper. It is the responsibility of the author to ensure that the English language used is correct before submitting their paper. For authors whose first language is not English, we highly recommend that you have it checked by a native English speaker or make use of an English editing service. Elsevier also offers this (at a cost) via our Webshop (English Language Editing ).- ISSN: 1468-1218
Next Research
Next Research is a peer-reviewed multidisciplinary journal, publishing research spanning all scientific technical and medical communities.The journal is part of the Next family, a new suite of multidisciplinary journals from Elsevier spanning all branches of science. Managed by our dedicated team of in-house Editors, Next Research offers authors speed, consistency, innovation, flexibility, and ease of submission.Next Research is an inclusive venue for scientifically accurate manuscripts that meet the ethical and scientific publishing standards. It publishes all research topics across the fields of health sciences, physical sciences, life sciences and social sciences. Next Research publishes experimental, computational, and theoretical work, in traditional formats such as Original Research Articles, Communications and Reviews, as well as novel formats and video content.The journal provides authors with rigorous peer review ensuring articles adhere to a high technical standard, with rapid decisions and a highly visible platform for scientists to share their research.We believe that all rigorous research should be shared.- ISSN: 3050-4759
Advances in Applied Mathematics
Interdisciplinary in its coverage, Advances in Applied Mathematics is dedicated to the publication of original and survey articles on rigorous methods and results in applied mathematics. The journal features articles on discrete mathematics, discrete probability theory, theoretical statistics, mathematical biology and bioinformatics, applied commutative algebra and algebraic geometry, convexity theory, experimental mathematics, theoretical computer science, and other areas.Emphasizing papers that represent a substantial mathematical advance in their field, the journal is an excellent source of current information for mathematicians, computer scientists, applied mathematicians, physicists, statisticians, and biologists. Over the past ten years, Advances in Applied Mathematics has published research papers written by many of the foremost mathematicians of our time.This journal has an Open Archive. All published items, including research articles, have unrestricted access and will remain permanently free to read and download 48 months after publication. All papers in the Archive are subject to Elsevier's user license.- ISSN: 0196-8858
Physics of Life Reviews
Physics of Life Reviews is an international journal appearing quarterly, that publishes review articles on physics of living systems, complex phenomena in biological systems, and related fields of artificial life, robotics, mathematical bio-semiotics, and artificial intelligent systems. This journal is a unifying force, going across the barriers between disciplines, addressing all living systems from molecules to populations and from genetics to mind and artificial systems modeling these phenomena. The journal invites reviews from actively working researchers, which are broad in scope, critical, accessible to our wide readership and addresses sometimes controversial accounts of recent progress and problems.Physics of Life Reviews intends to keep the active researcher abreast of developments on a wide range of topics by publishing timely reviews, which are more than mere literature surveys but normally less than a full monograph. Although most of the reviews will be of a specialist nature, each review should contain enough introductory material to make the main points intelligible to a non-specialist and to inspire and facilitate interdisciplinary research. "Physics" in the journal name refers to the methodology unifying all areas of physics: (1) elucidating fundamental principles, (2) developing a mathematical model, (3) making experimentally verifiable predictions. We seek reviews aspiring to this universal paradigm. The reviews should address in a clear way the most important conceptual issues in a field, review existing theories and methods with their achievements and drawbacks or difficulties versus the issues, unsolved problems addressed by a new theory, method, or approach, and why a significant progress is achieved or expected. Future research directions, remaining unsolved problems, and experimental confirmations or controversies should also be addressed.- ISSN: 1571-0645
BioSystems
BioSystems encourages theoretical, computational, and experimental articles that link biology, evolutionary concepts, and the information sciences. The journal is dedicated to publishing research on self-organizing information systems—with the goal of obtaining a better understanding of the origins of biochemical, genetic, epigenetic, physiological, cognitive, linguistic, sociocultural, and biological organization and evolution.The scope of the journal encompasses the fundamental nature of biological information and (self)-organization. This includes quantum phenomena in information transfer, natural computing, biological coding systems, biological complexity, theoretical biology, artificial life, computational modeling of complex biological systems, evolutionary models of computation, application of biological principles to the design of novel computing systems, and the use of biomolecular materials to synthesize artificial systems that capture essential principles of natural biological information processing.The journal does not publish purely medical, computational, or ecological research, unless it is clearly linked to the basic and conceptual aspects of biological organization.The editors encourage articles that deal, in particular, with the following topics:Biological computationMolecular recognitionPhysical foundations of biologyQuantum phenomena in biological systemsCellular controlNeuromolecula... computingBiological coding systemsMolecular computing processesSelf-organi... and self-replicating systemsOrigin of the genetic codeOrigins and evolution of genomesStochastic evolutionary algorithmsOrigins and evolution of mind and languageEcological evolutionary developmental biologyReticulate evolution (symbiosis, symbiogenesis, lateral gene transfer)Simulation of genetic and ecological systemsApplications (neural nets, machine learning, robotics)History and philosophy of scienceIn addition, the editors encourage the following types of papers for submission: Papers that extract novel biological insights from multidimensional data, using AI-driven language modelsBiological hypothesis papers producing new insights based on a body of pre-existing empirical researchPerspectives papers intended to stimulate scientific discussions and provide guidelines for future directions- ISSN: 0303-2647
