Youmans Neurological Surgery, 4-Volume Set

VOLUME 1

SECTION I Introduction to Neurological Surgery

PART 1

History 

Chapter 1 Historical Overview of Neurosurgery 

James Tait Goodrich and Eugene S. Flamm

PART 2

Basic Science 

Chapter 2 Surgical Anatomy of the Brain 

Hung Tzu Wen, Albert L. Rhoton Jr, and Antônio C. M. Mussi

Chapter 3 Molecular Biology Primer for Neurosurgeons 

Kevin Y. Miyashiro and James Eberwine

Chapter 4 Neuroembryology 

Harvey B. Sarnat, Laura Flores-Sarnat, and Joseph D. Pinter

Chapter 5 Stem Cell Biology in the Central Nervous System 

Philip J. Horner and Samuel E. Nutt

Chapter 6 Neurons and Neuroglia 

Bruce D. Trapp and Karl Herrup

Chapter 7 Cellular Mechanisms of Brain Energy Metabolism 

Albert Gjedde and Pierre Magistretti

Chapter 8 Blood-Brain Barrier 

Shahid M. Nimjee, Gerald A. Grant, H. Richard Winn, and Damir Janigro

Chapter 9 Cerebral Edema 

Robert J. Weil and Edward H. Oldfield

Chapter 10 Physiology of the Cerebrospinal Fluid and Intracranial Pressure 

†

Anthony Marmarou and Andrew Beaumont

Chapter 11 Neurosurgical Epidemiology and Outcomes Assessment 

Hugh Garton, Frederick G. Barker II, and Stephen J. Haines

parT 3

Approach To The Patient 

Chapter 12 Altered Consciousness 

Nicholas D. Schiff

Chapter 13 Neuroophthalmology 

Timothy J. Martin and James J. Corbett

Chapter 14 Neurotology 

P. Ashley Wackym and Christina L. Runge-Samuelson

Chapter 15 Neurourology 

Brett D. Lebed and Eric S. Rovner

Chapter 16 Neuropsychological Testing 

Jordan Grafman

parT 4

Radiologic Fundamentals 

Chapter 17 Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain 

Thomas Aquinas Kim, Aleksandrs Uldis Kalnins, and Robert W. Prost

Chapter 18 Radiology of the Spine 

Ajit Krishnaney and Michael T. Modic

Chapter 19 Physiologic Evaluation of the Brain with Magnetic Resonance Imaging 

Amish H. Doshi, Pascal Bou-Haidar, and Bradley Delman

Chapter 20 Molecular Imaging of the Brain with Positron Emission Tomography 

William P. Melega and Antonio A. F. De Salles

SECTION II General Neurosurgery

parT 1

Perioperative Care 

Chapter 21 Neuroanesthesia: Preoperative Evaluation 

Deepak Sharma and Arthur M. Lam

Chapter 22 Avoidance of Complications in Neurosurgery 

Nirit Weiss and Kalmon D. Post

Chapter 23 Intracranial Pressure Monitoring 

Vincent Y. Wang and Geoffrey T. Manley

Chapter 24 Principles of Neurocritical Care 

Eelco F. M. Wijdicks and Alexander Y. Zubkov

parT 2

General Principles and Surgical Techniques 

Chapter 25 Surgical Planning: Overview 

Martin Weiss, Gabriel Zada, and Alexander A. Khalessi

Chapter 26 Positioning for Cranial Surgery 

R. Webster Crowley, Aaron S. Dumont, M. Sean McKisic, and John A. Jane Sr

Chapter 27 Patient Positioning for Spinal Surgery 

Peter D. Angevine, Paul R. Gigante, and Paul C. McCormick

Chapter 28 Positioning in Peripheral Nerve Surgery 

Allen H. Maniker

Chapter 29 Incisions and Closures 

Stirling Craig and John A. Persing

Chapter 30 Advantages and Limitations of Cranial Endoscopy 

Jeroen R. Coppens and William T. Couldwell

Chapter 31 Thorascopic Spine Surgery 

Rudolf Beisse

Chapter 32 Cranioplasty 

Robert G. Whitmore, Shabbar F. Danish, and M. Sean Grady

parT 3

Geriatric Neurosurgery 

Evaluation of Adult Hydrocephalus

Chapter 33 Production and Flow of Cerebrospinal Fluid 

Conrad E. Johanson

Chapter 34 Clinical Evaluation of Adult Hydrocephalus 

Nicole C. Keong, Marek Czosnyka, Zofia Czosnyka, and John D. Pickard

Management of Adult Hydrocephalus

Chapter 35 Shunting 

Marvin Bergsneider and Eric Stiner

Chapter 36 Adult Hydrocephalus: The Role of Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy 

Jay Riva-Cambrin and James Drake

Subdural Hematomas

Chapter 37 Pathophysiology of Subdural Hematomas 

Brent O’Neill, Jack Wilberger, and Adam Wilberger

Chapter 38 Medical and Surgical Management of Chronic Subdural Hematomas 

Joachim K. Krauss, Lawrence F. Marshall, and Ralf Weigel

parT 4

Infection 

Chapter 39 Basic Science of Central Nervous System Infections 

Jeffrey M. Tessier and W. Michael Scheld

Chapter 40 Postoperative Infections of the Head and Brain 

Christopher J. Farrell, Mary L. Pisculli, and Frederick G. Barker II

Chapter 41 Postoperative Infections of the Spine 

Michael A. Finn and Meic H. Schmidt

Chapter 42 The Use and Misuse of Antibiotics in Neurosurgery 

Koijan Kainth, Matthew A. Hunt, and Stephen J. Haines

Chapter 43 Brain Abscess 

Allan R. Tunkel and W. Michael Scheld

Chapter 44 Meningitis and Encephalitis 

Ian E. McCutcheon

Chapter 45 Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome 

M. Kelly Nicholas, Rimas V. Lukas, and Koen van Besien

Chapter 46 Parasitic Infections 

Oscar H. Del Brutto, Juan J. Figueroa, and Hector H. Garcia

Chapter 47 Surgical Risk of Transmittable Diseases 

Donald E. Fry

SECTION III Epilepsy

parT 1

Basic Science of Epilepsy 

Chapter 48 Epilepsy Surgery Overview 

Guy M. McKhann II and Matthew A. Howard III

Chapter 49 Electrophysiologic Properties of the Mammalian Central Nervous System 

Guy M. McKhann II and Damir Janigro

Chapter 50 Animal Models of Epilepsy 

Maria Elisa Calcagnotto and Scott C.Baraban

Chapter 51 Malformations of Cortical Development 

Gregory G. Heuer and Peter B. Crino

parT 2

Approach to the Patient 

Chapter 52 Diagnosis and Classification of Seizures and Epilepsy 

Frank Gilliam

Chapter 53 Antiepileptic Medications: Principles of Clinical Use 

Blaise F. D. Bourgeois

parT 3

Preoperative Evaluation For Epilepsy 

Chapter 54 Continuous Electroencephalography in Neurological-Neurosurgical Intensive Care: Applications and Value 

Hiba Arif, Jan Claassen, and Lawrence J. Hirsch

Chapter 55 Neuroradiologic Evaluation for Epilepsy Surgery 

Suzan Dyve, Leif Sørensen, Adam N. Mamelak, William W. Sutherling, and Gregory D. Cascino

Chapter 56 Evaluation of Patients for Epilepsy Surgery 

Costas Michaelides, Garth Rees Cosgrove, and Andrew J. Cole

parT 4

Intraoperative Mapping and Monitoring for Cortical Resections 

Chapter 57 Motor, Sensory, and Language Mapping and Monitoring for Cortical Resections 

Ben Waldau and Michael M. Haglund

Chapter 58 Auditory Language Mapping 

Zachary Wright and Guy M. McKhann II

Chapter 59 Investigation of Human Cognition in Epilepsy Surgery Patients 

Hiroto Kawasaki and Chandan G. Reddy

parT 5

Specific Operative Approaches 

Chapter 60 Intracranial Monitoring 

Kenneth P. Vives, Andy J. Redmond, and Dennis D. Spencer

Chapter 61 Surgery for Extratemporal Lobe Epilepsy 

James W. Leiphart and Itzhak Fried

Chapter 62 Standard Temporal Lobectomy 

William Bingaman and Imad Najm

Chapter 63 Selective Amygdalohippocampectomy 

Kim J. Burchiel, Andrew C. Zacest, and David Spencer

Chapter 64 Tailored Resections for Epilepsy 

David W. Roberts

Chapter 65 Topectomy and Multiple Subpial Transection 

Patrick J. Connolly, Atsushi Umemura, Gordon H. Baltuch, and Richard W. Byrne

Chapter 66 Hemispheric Disconnection Procedures 

Johannes Schramm

Chapter 67 Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Intractable Epilepsy 

James E. Baumgartner and Gretchen K. Von Allmen

Chapter 68 Radiosurgical Treatment of Epilepsy 

Isaac Yang, Edward F. Chang, Nicholas M. Barbaro, Jean Régis, Marc Lévêque, Fabrice Bartolomei, and Patrick Chauvel

Chapter 69 Deep Brain Stimulation for Epilepsy 

Robert S. Fisher, Brian Litt, and William C. Stacey

Chapter 70 Epilepsy Surgery: Outcome and Complications 

Anthony L. Petraglia, Christian B. Kaufman, and Webster H. Pilcher

SECTION IV Functional Neurosurgery

parT 1

Overview 

Chapter 71 Introduction 

Andres M. Lozano and Ron L. Alterman

parT 2

Basic Science of Movement Disorders 

Chapter 72 Anatomy and Synaptic Connectivity of the Basal Ganglia 

Yoland Smith

Chapter 73 Rationale for Surgical Interventions in Movement Disorders 

Thomas Wichmann and Mahlon R. DeLong

Chapter 74 Neuropathology of Movement Disorders 

Kurt A. Jellinger

parT 3

Neurology of Movement Disorders 

Chapter 75 Clinical Overview of Movement Disorders 

Ihtsham ul Haq, Kelly D. Foote, and Michael S. Okun

Chapter 76 Patient Selection Criteria for Deep Brain Stimulation in Movement Disorders 

Ioannis U. Isaias and Michele Tagliati

Chapter 77 Functional Imaging in Movement Disorders 

David J. Brooks and Nicola Pavese

parT 4

Surgery for Movement Disorders 

Chapter 78 Surgical Management of Tremor 

Kazutaka Kobayashi, Jong Hyun Kim, William S. Anderson, and Frederick A. Lenz

Chapter 79 Pallidal Interventions for Parkinson’s Disease 

Philip A. Starr

Chapter 80 Subthalamic Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson’s Disease 

Alim Louis Benabid, John Mitrofanis, Stéphan Chabardés, Eric Seigneuret, Napoleon Torres, Brigitte Piallat, Abdelhamid Benazzouz, Valerie Fraix, Paul Krack, Pierre Pollak, Sylvie Grand, and Jean François LeBas

Chapter 81 Subthalamotomy in Parkinson’s Disease: Indications and Outcome 

Jorge Guridi, Lázaro Alvarez, Raul Macias, and José A. Obeso

Chapter 82 Deep Brain Stimulation for Dystonia 

Ron L. Alterman

Chapter 83 Deep Brain Stimulation: Mechanisms of Action 

Matthew D. Johnson, Cameron C. McIntyre, and Jerrold L. Vitek

Chapter 84 Emerging and Experimental Neurosurgical Treatments for Parkinson’s Disease 

Scellig Stone, Karim Mukhida, and Andres M. Lozano

Chapter 85 Selective Peripheral Denervation for Cervical Dystonia 

Joachim K. Krauss

parT 5

Surgery for Psychiatric Disorders 

Chapter 86 A History of Psychosurgery 

Patrick M. Schweder and Garth Rees Cosgrove

Chapter 87 Surgery for Tourette’s Syndrome 

Robert J. Maciunas and Brian N. Maddux

Chapter 88 Surgery for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder 

Ali R. Rezai, Andre Machado, Donald A. Malone Jr, and Benjamin Greenberg

Chapter 89 Surgical Treatment of Major Depression 

Clement Hamani, Brian Snyder, Adrian W. Laxton, Paul E. Holtzheimer, Helen S. Mayberg, and Andres M. Lozano

parT 6

Surgical Interventions for Spasticity 

Chapter 90 Ablative Surgery for Spasticity 

Marc Sindou and Patrick Mertens

Chapter 91 Management of Spasticity by Central Nervous System Infusion Techniques 

Richard D. Penn and Daniel M. Corcos

parT 7

Miscellaneous 

Chapter 92 Treatment of Intractable Vertigo 

Zackary E. Boomsaad, Steven A. Telian, and Parag G. Patil

Chapter 93 Treatment Applications of Cortical Stimulation 

Jay L. Shils and Jeffrey E. Arle

Chapter 94 Neuroprosthetics 

Jacob A. Donoghue, Jacob H. Bagley, Gerhard M. Friehs, and Vasilios A. Zerris

VOLUME 2

SECTION V Oncology

parT 1

Overview 

Chapter 95 Brain Tumors: General Considerations 

Henry Brem, E. Antonio Chiocca, and Raymond Sawaya

parT 2

Basic Science of Neurooncology 

Chapter 96 Brain Tumors: An Overview of Current Histopathologic Classifications 

Gregory N. Fuller and Teresa Ribalta

Chapter 97 Brain Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy 

Roberta P. Glick, Terry Lichtor, and Amy B. Heimberger

Chapter 98 Brain Tumor Stem Cells 

Hasan A. Zaidi, Francesco Di Meco, and Alfredo Quiñones-Hinojosa

Chapter 99 Proliferation Markers in the Evaluation of Gliomas 

Tarik Tihan

Chapter 100 Molecular Genetics and the Development of Targets for Glioma Therapy 

Nduka M. Amankulor and Eric C. Holland

Chapter 101 Growth Factors in Glial Tumors 

Abhijit Guha and David Omahen

Chapter 102 The Genetic Origins of Brain Tumors 

Gregory J. Riggins

Chapter 103 Invasion in Malignant Glioma 

Ian Lee and Mark L. Rosenblum

Chapter 104 Angiogenesis and Brain Tumors: Molecular Targets and Molecular Scalpels 

Steven Brem and Eric T. Wong

Chapter 105 Barriers to Delivery of Therapeutics to Brain Tumors 

Dani S. Bidros, Michael A. Vogelbaum, and James K. C. Liu

Chapter 106 Epidemiology of Brain Tumors 

James L. Fisher, Margaret Wrensch, Joseph L. Wiemels, and Judith A. Schwartzbaum

Chapter 107 Gene- and Viral-Based Therapies for Gliomas 

Kaveh Asadi-Moghaddam and E. Antonio Chiocca

parT 3

Approach to the Patient 

Chapter 108 Clinical Features: Neurology of Brain Tumor and Paraneoplastic Disorders 

William R. Shapiro

Chapter 109 Radiologic Features of Central Nervous System Tumors 

Michael A. Kraut, Nafi Aygun, and David M. Yousem

Chapter 110 Endovascular Techniques for Tumor Embolization 

Robert Hirschl and Louis P. Caragine Jr

Chapter 111 Brain Tumors during Pregnancy 

Alessandro Olivi, Mohamad Bydon, and Shaan M. Raza

Chapter 112 Principles of Chemotherapy 

Karine Michaud and Susan M. Chang

Chapter 113 Brain Tumor Outcome Studies: Design and Interpretation 

Frederick G. Barker II

Chapter 114 Frame and Frameless Stereotactic Brain Biopsy 

Alessandro Olivi, Jon D. Weingart, Jason Liauw, and Shaan M. Raza

parT 4

Surgical Considerations 

Chapter 115 Basic Principles of Cranial Surgery for Brain Tumors 

Jon D. Weingart and Henry Brem

Chapter 116 Basic Principles of Skull Base Surgery 

Madjid Samii, Marcos Tatagiba, and Venelin Gerganov

Chapter 117 Surgical Complications of Brain Tumors and Their Avoidance 

Ronald E. Warnick

Chapter 118 Navigation for Brain Tumors 

Gene H. Barnett

Chapter 119 Endoscopic Approaches to Brain Tumors 

Peter Nakaji and Charles Teo

Chapter 120 Intraoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging 

Won Kim and Linda M. Liau

parT 5

Intrinsic Tumors 

Chapter 121 Low-Grade Gliomas: Astrocytoma, Oligodendroglioma, and Mixed Glioma 

Nader Sanai and Mitchel S. Berger

Chapter 122 Malignant Gliomas: Anaplastic Astrocytoma, Glioblastoma Multiforme, Gliosarcoma 

Alfredo Quiñones-Hinojosa, Thomas Kosztowski, and Henry Brem

Chapter 123 Unusual Gliomas 

Michael L. DiLuna, Joachim M. Baehring, Anita Huttner, and Joseph M. Piepmeier

Chapter 124 Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumors 

Karin Muraszko, Shawn L. Hervey-Jumper

Chapter 125 Pineal Tumors 

Jeffrey N. Bruce

Chapter 126 Medulloblastoma 

Joshua J. Chern, Ganesh Rao, and Frederick F. Lang

Chapter 127 Intracranial Ependymomas in Adults 

James L. Frazier and George I. Jallo

Chapter 128 Hemangioblastomas 

Russell R. Lonser and Edward H. Oldfield

Chapter 129 Central Nervous System Lymphoma 

Elizabeth R. Gerstner and Tracy T. Batchelor

Chapter 130 Metastatic Brain Tumors 

Frederick F. Lang, Eric L. Chang, Dima Suki, David M. Wildrick, and Raymond Sawaya

parT 6

Extrinsic Tumors 

Chapter 131 Meningiomas 

Ossama Al-Mefty, Saleem I. Abdulrauf, and Georges F. Haddad

Chapter 132 Meningeal Sarcoma and Meningeal Hemangiopericytoma 

Alim M. Ladha, Barton L. Guthrie, and Matthew G. Ewend

Chapter 133 Acoustic Neuroma 

Scott A. Meyer and Kalmon D. Post

Chapter 134 Pituitary Tumors: Functioning and Nonfunctioning 

John A. Jane Jr, Kamal Thapar, and Edward R. Laws Jr

Chapter 135 Craniopharyngioma 

James A. J. King, Vivek Mehta, and Peter M. Black

Chapter 136 Epidermoid, Dermoid, and Neurenteric Cysts 

Wael Hassaneen and Raymond Sawaya

Chapter 137 Neoplastic Meningitis 

Alyx B. Porter and Kurt A. Jaeckle

parT 7

Ventricular Tumors 

Chapter 138 Ventricular Tumors 

Helmut Bertalanffy, Niklaus Krayenbühl, Christian Wess, and Oliver Bozinov

parT 8

Skull and Skull Base Tumors 

Chapter 139 Overview of Skull Base Tumors 

Mario Ammirati and Hekmat Zarzour

Chapter 140 Chordomas and Chondrosarcomas 

Justin S. Cetas, Samuel A. Hughes, and Johnny B. Delashaw Jr

Chapter 141 Glomus Tumors 

Massimo Gerosa and Paolo Rizzo

Chapter 142 Neoplasms of the Paranasal Sinuses 

Daryl R. Fourney, Lissa Ogieglo, and Franco DeMonte

Chapter 143 Esthesioneuroblastoma 

Jonas M. Sheehan and John A. Jane Sr

Chapter 144 Trigeminal Schwannomas 

M. Necmettin Pamir and Koray Özduman

Chapter 145 Juvenile Nasal Angiofibroma 

Paul Klimo Jr, Daniel R. Boué, and Corey Raffel

Chapter 146 Osseous Tumors 

Ganesh Rao

Chapter 147 Tumors of the Orbit 

Paul A. Gardner, Joseph C. Maroon, and Amin B. Kassam

Chapter 148 Skull Tumors 

Eric G. St. Clair and Ian E. McCutcheon

Chapter 149 Scalp Tumors 

Ciara D. Harraher, John A. Persing, and Elizabeth B. Claus

parT 9

Nonneoplastic Disorders Mimicking Brain Tumors 

Chapter 150 Pseudotumor Cerebri 

Neil R. Miller

Chapter 151 Sarcoidosis, Tuberculosis, and Xanthogranuloma 

Sherwin E. Hua, Richard E. Clatterbuck, Barney J. Stern, Prakash Sampath, and Laurence D. Rhines

Chapter 152 Demyelinating Disease 

Peter C. Burger and Thierry A. G. M. Huisman

SECTION VI Pain

parT 1

Overview 

Chapter 153 Pain: General Historical Considerations 

Andrew C. Zacest and Kim J. Burchiel

parT 2

Basic Science 

Chapter 154 Anatomy and Physiology of Pain 

Mary M. Heinricher and Daniel R. Cleary

Chapter 155 Molecular Basis of Nociception 

Thomas K. Baumann

parT 3

Nonsurgical Therapy 

Chapter 156 Approach to the Patient with Chronic Pain 

Joshua M. Rosenow

Chapter 157 Pharmacologic Treatment of Pain 

Erika A. Petersen and Louis A. Whitworth

Chapter 158 Management of Pain by Anesthetic Techniques 

Rajni K. Jutla, Grace Chen, Matthew McGehee, and Brett R. Stacey

parT 4

Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia 

Chapter 159 Evidence-Based Approach to the Treatment of Facial Pain 

Turo Nurmikko

Chapter 160 Trigeminal Neuralgia: Diagnosis and Nonoperative Management 

Marlon S. Mathews, Devin K. Binder, and Mark E. Linskey

Chapter 161 Percutaneous Procedures for Trigeminal Neuralgia 

Dibyendu K. Ray, Diaa Bahgat, and Kim J. Burchiel

Chapter 162 Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Trigeminal Neuralgia 

Jason P. Sheehan, Jay Jagannathan, and Stephen J. Monteith

Chapter 163 Microvascular Decompression for Trigeminal Neuralgia 

Jonathan Miller and Kim J. Burchiel

parT 5

Surgical Procedures for Nontrigeminal Pain 

Chapter 164 Neurosurgical Management of Intractable Pain 

Kenneth A. Follett and Richard B. North

Neuromodulation

 

Chapter 165 Evidence Base: Neurostimulation for Pain 

Robert J. Coffey, Clement Hamani, and Andres M. Lozano

Chapter 166 Peripheral Nerve Stimulation for Neuropathic Pain 

Konstantin V. Slavin, Paula Eboli, and Sabri Aydin

Chapter 167 Spinal Cord Stimulation 

Oren Sagher and Emily Lehmann

Chapter 168 Motor Cortex Stimulation 

Jaimie M. Henderson, Shivanand P. Lad, and Kevin Chao

Destructive Procedures

 

Chapter 169 Evidence Base for Destructive Procedures 

Justin S. Cetas, Ahmed Raslan, and Kim J. Burchiel

Chapter 170 Diagnosis and Management of Painful Neuromas 

Deepa Danan and Christopher J. Winfree

Chapter 171 Dorsal Root Entry Zone Lesions 

Diaa Bahgat, Dibyendu K. Ray, and Kim J. Burchiel

Chapter 172 Percutaneous Cordotomy and Trigeminal Tractotomy-Nucleotomy 

Yucel Kanpolat

SECTION VII Pediatrics

parT 1

Overview and Approach 

Chapter 173 Neuroanesthesia in Children 

Sulpicio G. Soriano and Mark A. Rockoff

Chapter 174 Neurocritical Care in Children 

José Pineda and Mark Wainwright

parT 2

Cranial Development Abnormalities 

Chapter 175 Normal and Abnormal Embryology of the Brain 

Mark S. Dias and Michael D. Partington

Chapter 176 Encephalocele 

Saadi Ghatan

Chapter 177 Dandy-Walker Syndrome 

Ondrej Choutka and Francesco T. Mangano

Chapter 178 Arachnoid Cysts 

Nicholas M. Wetjen and Marion L. Walker

Chapter 179 Chiari Malformations 

R. Shane Tubb, Jeffrey A. Pugh, and W. Jerry Oakes

Chapter 180 Craniopagus Twins 

Samuel R. Browd, James Tait Goodrich, and Marion L. Walker

parT 3

Craniosynostosis 

Chapter 181 Genetics of Craniosynostosis 

Dan Drzymalski and Mark R. Proctor

Chapter 182 Craniosynostosis 

John A. Persing, John A. Jane Sr, and Joseph H. Piatt

Chapter 183 Syndromic Craniosynostosis 

Matthew D. Smyth, Daniel Marchac, and Dominique Renier

Chapter 184 Endoscopic Treatment of Craniosynostosis 

David F. Jimenez and Constance M. Barone

Chapter 185 Plagiocephaly 

S. David Moss

parT 4

Hydrocephalus 

Chapter 186 Hydrocephalus in Children: Approach to the Patient 

John R. W. Kestle

Chapter 187 Infantile Posthemorrhagic Hydrocephalus 

Yin C. Hu, Shakeel A. Chowdhry, and Shenandoah Robinson

Chapter 188 Cerebrospinal Fluid Physiology 

J. Gordon McComb and Shinya Yamada

Chapter 189 Experimental Hydrocephalus 

James P. McAllister II

Chapter 190 Ventricular Shunting Procedures 

Jeffrey P. Blount

Chapter 191 Neuroendoscopy 

Yin C. Hu and Alan R. Cohen

Chapter 192 Cerebrospinal Fluid Devices 

Richard J. Edwards and James Drake

Chapter 193 Shunt Infections and Their Treatment 

Nalin Gupta

parT 5

Pediatric Cranial and Intracranial Tumors 

Chapter 194 General Approaches and Considerations for Pediatric Brain Tumors 

Renee Reynolds and Gerald A. Grant

Chapter 195 Optic Pathway Hypothalamic Gliomas 

Tadanori Tomita and Avinash Mohan

Chapter 196 Thalamic Tumors 

N u Owase Jeelani and Peter Dirks

Chapter 197 Choroid Plexus Tumors 

Bruce A. Kaufman

Chapter 198 Pediatric Craniopharyngioma 

David Yam, Frederick A. Boop, and Robert A. Sanford

Chapter 199 Supratentorial Hemispheric Tumors 

Neal Luther and Mark M. Souweidane

Chapter 200 Ependymoma 

Christopher D. Duntsch, Michael D. Taylor, and Frederick A. Boop

Chapter 201 Medulloblastoma in Children 

Paul N. Kongkham, Cynthia Hawkins, and James T. Rutka

Chapter 202 Cerebellar Astrocytomas 

Leslie N. Sutton

Chapter 203 Brainstem Glioma 

Clemens M. Schirmer and Liliana C. Goumnerova

Chapter 204 Intracranial Germ Cell Tumors 

Ian F. Pollack and Regina I. Jakacki

Chapter 205 Familial Tumors (Neurocutaneous Syndromes) 

Ian G. Dorward and Jeffrey R. Leonard

Chapter 206 Skull Tumors and Fibrous Dysplasia 

Andrew D. Parent and James M. Shiflett

parT 6

Vascular Disease 

Chapter 207 Moyamoya Disease 

Edward R. Smith and R. Michael Scott

Chapter 208 Vein of Galen Aneurysmal Malformation 

Alejandro Berenstein and Yasunari Niimi

parT 7

Head and Brain Trauma 

Chapter 209 Management of Severe Head Injury in Children 

Sarah Jernigan and Mark R. Proctor

Chapter 210 Child Abuse 

Ann-Christine Duhaime and Cindy W. Christian

Chapter 211 Growing Skull Fracture 

Robert Owen and Thomas Pittman

Chapter 212 Birth Head Trauma 

Avinash Mohan and Robin M. Bowman

Chapter 213 Birth Brachial Plexus Injury 

T. S. Park and Alexander K. Powers

parT 8

Spine Disorders in Children 

Chapter 214 Myelomeningocele and Myelocystocele 

Todd C. Hankinson, Richard C. E. Anderson, and Neil A. Feldstein

Chapter 215 Lipomyelomeningocele 

Sharad Rajpal and Bermans J. Iskandar

Chapter 216 Split Spinal Cord 

Zachary N. Litvack and Nathan R. Selden

Chapter 217 Tethered Spinal Cord: Fatty Filum Terminale, Meningocele Manqué, and Dermal Sinus Tracts 

R. Shane Tubbs, Jeffrey Pugh, and John C. Wellons III

Chapter 218 Developmental Abnormalities of the Craniocervical Junction 

Arnold H. Menezes and Timothy W. Vogel

Chapter 219 Achondroplasia and Other Dwarfisms 

Benjamin S. Carson Sr, Daniele Rigamonti, and Edward S. Ahn

Chapter 220 Cervical Spine Disorders in Children 

Nicholas M. Wetjen and Douglas L. Brockmeyer

Chapter 221 Intramedullary Spinal Cord Tumors in Children 

Rick Abbott

Chapter 222 Spine Tumors in Children 

Tord D. Alden

Chapter 223 Thoracolumbar Spinal Disorders in Pediatric Patients 

Justin S. Smith and Christopher I. Shaffrey

Chapter 224 Vertebral Column and Spinal Cord Injuries in Children 

Dachling Pang and John G. Zovickian

parT 9

Cerebral Palsy, Spasticity, and Dystonia 

Chapter 225 Clinical Features and Management of Cerebral Palsy 

Janice E. Brunstrom-Hernandez and Ann Tilton

Chapter 226 Intrathecal Baclofen Therapy for Cerebral Palsy 

Leland Albright

Chapter 227 Selective Dorsal Rhizotomy for Spastic Cerebral Palsy 

T. S. Park and David D. Limbrick Jr

Chapter 228 Dystonia in Children 

Leland Albright

VOLUME 3

SECTION VIII Peripheral Nerve

parT 1

Overview 

Chapter 229 General Principles in Evaluating and Treating Peripheral Nerve Pathology, Injuries, and Entrapments and Their Historical Context 

Aaron G. Filler and David G. Kline

parT 2

Basic Science of Peripheral Nerve Disorders 

Chapter 230 Pathophysiology of Surgical Nerve Disorders 

Wale A. R. Sulaiman, Rajiv Midha, and Tessa Gordon

parT 3

Approach to the Patient with Peripheral Nerve Disorders 

Chapter 231 Peripheral Nerve Examination, Evaluation, and Biopsy 

Stephen M. Russell and Rajiv Midha

Chapter 232 Electrodiagnostic Evaluation of Peripheral Nerves: Electromyography and Nerve Conduction Studies 

Lawrence Robinson and Eric C. Yuen

Chapter 233 Peripheral Neuropathies 

William Campbell and Aaron G. Filler

Chapter 234 Operative Neurophysiology of Peripheral Nerves 

Leo T. Happel

Chapter 235 Imaging for Peripheral Nerve Disorders 

Aaron G. Filler

parT 4

Management of Peripheral Nerve Entrapment 

Chapter 236 Distal Entrapment Syndromes: Carpal Tunnel, Cubital Tunnel, Peroneal, and Tarsal Tunnel 

Charles P. Toussaint and Eric L. Zager

Chapter 237 Thoracic Outlet Syndrome 

Charles P. Toussaint and Eric L. Zager

Chapter 238 Piriformis Syndrome, Obturator Internus Syndrome, Pudendal Nerve Entrapment, and Other Pelvic Entrapments 

Aaron G. Filler and Holly Gilmer-Hill

parT 5

Management and Repair of Peripheral Nerve Injuries 

Chapter 239 Techniques and Options in Nerve Reconstruction and Repair 

Rajiv Midha

Chapter 240 Management of Acute Peripheral Nerve Injuries 

Thomas Kretschmer and Rolfe Birch

Chapter 241 Early Management of Brachial Plexus Injuries 

Allan Belzberg and Martijn J. A. Malessy

Chapter 242 Secondary Procedures for Brachial Plexus Injuries 

Huan Wang, Alexander Y. Shin, Allen T. Bishop, and Robert J. Spinner

Chapter 243 Nerve Injuries of the Lower Extremity 

†

Robert Tiel and Aaron G. Filler

parT 6

Management of Peripheral Nerve Tumors 

Chapter 244 Benign Tumors of the Peripheral Nerve 

Daniel H. Kim, Allan H. Friedman, Ryan S. Kitagawa, and David Kline

Chapter 245 Surgery for Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors 

Allen Maniker, Gaurav Gupta, and Abhijit Guha

parT 7

Management of Pain and Complications in Peripheral Nerve Surgery 

Chapter 246 Pain, Complications, and Iatrogenic Injury in Nerve Surgery 

Allen Maniker and Stephen M. Russell

SECTION IX Radiation

parT 1

Overview 

Chapter 247 General and Historical Considerations of Radiotherapy and Radiosurgery 

Mark E. Linskey and Jeffrey V. Kuo

parT 2

Basic Science of Radiotechniques 

Chapter 248 Principles of Radiation Therapy 

Carryn Anderson, John Bayouth, and John M. Buatti

Chapter 249 The Radiobiology and Physics of Radiosurgery 

Jason P. Sheehan, David Schlesinger, and Chun-Po Yen

parT 3

Fractionated Radiation Therapy 

Chapter 250 Fractionated Radiation Therapy for Malignant Brain Tumors 

George M. Cannon and Minesh P. Mehta

Chapter 251 Fractionated Radiation Therapy for Benign Bra