SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Innovate. Sustain. Transform.
Save up to 30% on top Physical Sciences & Engineering titles!

This book contains the papers presented at the IMechE and SAE International, Vehicle Thermal Management Systems Conference (VTMS10), held at the Heritage Motor Centre, Gaydon,… Read more
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Save up to 30% on top Physical Sciences & Engineering titles!
Cover image
Title page
Copyright
Co-Chairmen’s welcome message
Heat and A/C
Chapter 1: A practical approach to R-1234yf thermophysical property calculation and A/C system cycle analysis
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 DEVELOPMENT OF THERMOPHYSICAL RELATIONSHIPS
3 A/C SYSTEM CYCLE ANALYSIS & DISCUSSION
4 CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Chapter 2: Automotive material investigation with low GWP refrigerant HFO-1234yf
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES
3 FLAMMABILITY
4 THERMAL STABIILITY
5 MATERIAL COMPATIBILITY
6 LUBRICANT MISCIBILITY
7 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
Chapter 3: Numerical investigation of energy-efficient heat-up strategies considering a comprehensive HVAC-system
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 SYSTEM MODELLING
3 MODEL VALIDATION
4 SIMULATION RESULTS
5 CONCLUSION
Heat Exchange/Manufacture
Chapter 4: Flux free brazing of aluminium heat exchangers
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 EXPERIMENTAL
3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4 CONCLUSIONS
5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Chapter 5: Corrosion of aluminium Charge Air Coolers in exhaust gas condensates – application to Exhaust Gas Recirculation systems
1 INTRODUCTION
2 STATE OF THE ART
3 CORROSION PROCEDURE DESIGN
4 EXHAUST GAS CONDENSATE ANALYSIS
5 CONCLUSION
Chapter 6: A methodology for evaluation of charge air coolers for low pressure EGR systems with respect to corrosion
ABSTRACT
SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS
1 INTRODUCTION
2 APPROACH
3 RESULTS
4 SUMMARY
Chapter 7: New approach in microstructural analysis of a modified AA4XXX/AA3XXX brazing sheet before and after brazing
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE
3 RESULTS
4 DISCUSSION
5 CONCLUSIONS
6 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Chapter 8: Graphite foam heat exchanger for vehicles
ABSTRACT
NOMENCLATURE
Greek Symbols
Subscripts
1 INTRODUCTION
2 PHYSICAL MODEL AND ASSUMPTIONS
3 MATHEMATICAL FORMULATION AND NUMERICAL METHOD
4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
5 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
6 ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Chapter 9: Flat panels heat exchangers to improve the thermal management
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 PROTOTYPE HEAT EXCHANGERS
3 VEHICLE DEMONSTRATOR
4 CONCLUSIONS AND NEXT STEPS
Chapter 10: The Wilson Plot – why it doesn’t work and what to do about it
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 INACCURACY OF THE WILSON PLOT
3 THE NEW APPROACH
4 ANALYSIS PROCESS
5 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Chapter 11: Information for HFO-1234yf automotive plant and service shop implementation
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 FLAMMABILITY PROPERTIES OF HFO-1234yf
3 POTENTIAL EU AUTOMOTIVE OEM PLANT IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES
4 INFORMATION FOR AIR CONDITIONING SERVICE SHOP IMPLEMENTATION
5 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
Engines
Chapter 12: Spatially resolved heat flux measurements from a HSDI engine over NEDC
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 EXPERIMENTAL SET-UP
3 EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH
4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
5 CONCLUSION
Chapter 13: Investigation of temperature fields during stop-start operation of a spark ignition engine and the effect on engine behaviour after a restart
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 ENGINE INSTRUMENTATION
3 EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS
4 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Chapter 14: A thermistor-based instrument for measuring vehicle cooling airflow
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 THERMISTOR ANEMOMETRY
3 EXPERIMENTAL METHOD
4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
5 CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Chapter 15: Identification and optimization of the powertrain thermal system
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 CONSTRUCTION OF THERMAL MODEL
3 HYBRID EVOLUTIONARY ALGORITHM
4 PARAMETER IDENTIFICATION
5 THERMAL SYSTEM OPTIMIZATION
6 CONCLUSION
7 ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Chapter 16: Analysis of energy flows in engine coolant, structure and lubricant during warm-up
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 BACKGROUND
3 METHODOLOGY
4 RESULTS
5 DISCUSSION
6 CONCLUSIONS
7 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Chapter 17: Thermal coupling and energy flows between coolant, engine structure and lubricating oil during engine warm up
ABSTRACT
2 INTRODUCTION
3 PROMETS
4 INVESTIGATIONS OF WARM-UP AND FUEL CONSUMPTION
5 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Chapter 18: A high-resolution warm-up simulation model for a gasoline engine with advanced thermal control
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 GENERAL CONCEPT OF WARM-UP SIMULATION
3 THE INTERACTION OF SIMULATION MODULES
4 HIGH-RESOLUTION SIMULATION MODULES
5 MODEL CALIBRATION FOR STATIONARY OPERATION
6 WARM-UP SIMULATION FOR THE NEDC
7 CONCLUSION
Chapter 19: Powertrain thermal modeling for vehicle simulation
ABSTRACT
NOTATION
1 INTRODUCTION
2 NUMERICAL METHODS
3 RESULTS
4 CONCLUSION
Chapter 20: The effectiveness of heating parts of the powertrain to improve vehicle fuel economy during warm-up
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 MODEL DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION
3 INFLUENCING WARM-UP AND FUEL CONSUMPTION
4 CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Chapter 21: A novel EGR system to improve engine performance of a diesel engine
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
EXPERIMENTAL APPARATUS
NEDC KEY POINT FOR STATIONARY ENGINE TEST
EGR COOLER CHARACTERISTICS FOR OPERATING CONDITIONS
EFFECT OF ENGINE PERFORMANCE BY EGR GAS TEMPERATURE
CONCLUSIONS
Chapter 22: CFD simulation of the fouling process in EGR coolers
ABSTRACT
2 INTRODUCTION
3 DEPOSITION MECHANISMS
4 NUMERICAL MODELLING
5 RESULTS
6 CONCLUSION AND OUTLOOK
7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Alternative Powertrain
Chapter 23: Development of cooling system sign-off criteria for hybrid vehicles
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 CUSTOMER EXPECTATIONS FOR HYBRID VEHICLE EV MODE AVAILABILITY (RISK ANALYSIS)
3 DEVELOPMENT OF NEW COOLING SYSTEM SIGN-OFF CRITERIA FOR HYBRID VEHICLES
4 Drive Cycle Validation Via Initial Physical Testing
5 CONCLUSIONS
Chapter 24: Evaluation of TEG potential in Hybrid Electric Vehicle by simulation
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 TEG DETAILED MODEL
3 VEHICLE SIMULATION WITH TEG
4 CONCLUSIONS
5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Chapter 25: Balancing vehicle energy performance and thermal comfort: benefits of a multi-domain system simulation approach in the case of a power-split hybrid-electric vehicle
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 DEVELOPMENT SCENARIO: OVERVIEW
3 STEP 1 - ENERGY MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES AND IMPACT ON FUEL CONSUMPTION
4 STEP 2 - THERMAL MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES AND IMPACT ON FUEL CONSUMPTION AND POLLUTANT EMISSIONS
5 STEP 3 – THERMAL MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES AND IMPACT ON CONSUMPTION AND THERMAL COMFORT
6 CONCLUSION
Chapter 26: Concept development and CAE for EV battery thermal management
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 LI-ION CELL CHARACTERISTICS
3 BATTERY THERMAL MANAGEMENT
4 DETAILED THERMAL MODELING OF LI-ION CELLS (ON GOING DEVELOPMENT)
5 CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Chapter 27: Development of a detailed model for simulation and investigation of the thermal behaviour of electric vehicle traction batteries
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 FUNDAMENTALS
3 MODEL LAYOUT
Chapter 28: Thermal modelling of the effects of a passive heat insulation on temperature distribution inside a battery
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 STATE OF THE ART
3 THERMAL MODELLING
4 CONCLUSIONS
Chapter 29: Thermo electrochemical modeling of high capacity lithium-ion cells
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 LITHIUM-ION CELLS
3 Research Approaches to Battery Cells
4 PHYSICS AND MATHEMATICAL EQUATIONS
5 THE MODEL DEFINITION
6 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
7 CONCLUSION
Chapter 30: Efficient thermally responsive coolant output and flow control for conventional and advanced propulsion systems
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 CONTROLLABLE VARIABLE FLOW (CVF) TECHNOLOGY
3 IN-VEHICLE PROTOTYPE DESCRIPTION & TEST RESULTS
4 COOLANT PUMP OUTPUT AND THERMOSTATIC FLOW CONTROL
5 CVF DRIVE AND ACTUATION OPTIONS
6 PRIMARY COOLANT CIRCUIT APPLICATIONS
7 SECONDARY COOLING CIRCUIT APPLICATIONS
8 ADVANCED & EMERGING PROPULSION SYSTEMS APPLICATIONS
9 CONCLUSIONS
10 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Chapter 31: Design and development of an integrated EV cooling system
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 THERMAL MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES
3 POWERTRAIN COOLING SYSTEM DESIGN
4 POWERTRAIN AND BATTERY SYSTEMS INTEGRATION
5 CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Chapter 32: Development of a thermal management control system for electric vehicles
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 COOLING AND HEATING SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
3 CONTROL SYSTEM
4 CONCLUSIONS AND FURTHER WORK
5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Engines/Emissions
Chapter 33: Integrated thermal management for a downsized diesel engine with low CO2 emissions
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
1 MODELLING APPROACH
2 VALIDATION OF BASELINE MODEL
3 THERMAL MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES
4 SIMULATION RESULTS
5 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS
6 NEXT STEPS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Chapter 34: CO2 and emission reduction by means of heat storage in the powertrain
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 ENGINE ENCAPSULATION CONCEPTS
3 IMPACTS OF DIFFERENT COMPONENTS ON HEAT STORAGE CAPABILITY
4 CO2 REDUCTION
5 THERMAL SAFETY
6 WEIGHT BALANCE / MATERIALS
7 OTHER BENEFITS
8 CONCLUSION
External and Internal Component Flows
Chapter 35: Predicting the windscreen demisting performance using CAE
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 MODELLING
3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4 CONCLUSIONS
Chapter 36: Transient thermal modelling of an Axial Flux Permanent Magnet (AFPM) machine with model parameter optimisation using a Monte Carlo method
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 METHODOLOGY
3 EXPERIMENTAL SET UP
4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
5 CONCLUSIONS
Chapter 37: Fan modelling in CFD using RANS with MRF, limitations and consistency, a comparison between fans of different design
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 METHODOLOGY
3 RESULTS
4 DISCUSSION
5 CONCLUSIONS
Chapter 38: Design of an innovative high-efficiency fan for engine cooling
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 FAN ALTERNATIVES
3 ENGINE COOLING FAN REQUIREMENTS
4 BASIC DESIGN
5 OPTIMIZATION PROCEDURE USING CFD & DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS
6 EMPIRICAL TESTING
7 CONCLUSIONS
Chapter 39: Application of a hybrid computational aeroacoustics method to an automotive blower
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 SIMULATION METHOD
3 APPLICATION TO AN AUTOMOTIVE CENTRIFUGAL BLOWER
4 CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Underhood
Chapter 40: Design and Analysis of Computer Experiments (DACE) and 3D Computation Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations for agricultural tractor cooling concept
ABSTRACT
2 INTRODUCTION
3 MATHEMATICAL MODEL
4 PROJECT
5 CONCLUSIONS
Chapter 41: Dual level vehicle heat rejection system
ABSTRACT
1 Introduction
2 Prototype System
3 Testing Procedures
4 Experimental Results
5 Next Steps
6 Conclusions
Chapter 42: Development of compact cooling system “SLIM”
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 STRUCTURE
3 PRINCIPLE IN OPERATION
4 IMPROVEMENT OF HEAT TRANSFER
5 FACTORS OF IMPROVEMENT OF FUEL CONSUMPTION
6 APPLICATION TO SUPER-CHARGED PETROL ENGINE
7 VARIOUS DRIVING TESTS
8 ANALYSIS OF FUEL CONSUMPTION
9 APPLICATION TO CLEAN DIESEL ENGINE VEHICLE
10 OPTIMUM RATIO OF SUB-RADIATOR
11 CONCLUSION
Chapter 43: Thermal management concept of a taxi vehicle with rear engine application
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 DESIGN PROPERTIES
3 DESIGN PROPERTIES
4 TESTS
5 FUTURE WORKS
6 CONCLUSION
Chapter 44: Virtual vehicle thermal management at Jaguar/Land Rover, reducing cost, development time and carbon footprint
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 THERMAL MANAGEMENT CAE METHODS
3 DEVELOPMENT PROCESS CO2 REDUCTION
4 SUMMARY
Chapter 45: Minimising total vehicle energy consumption by balancing the aerodynamic benefit of an active grille shutter and the power consumption of the air conditioning compressor
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 DESIGN AND FUNCTION OF THE ACTIVE GRILLE SHUTTER
3 EFFECT ON THE AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM
4 OPTIMISATION OF THE OVERALL VEHICLE ENERGY CONSUMPTION
5 CONTROL STRATEGY
6 CONCLUSIONS
Chapter 46: Small-scale dynamic test facility for automotive thermal management systems
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 TEST FACILITY
3 DATA ACQUISITION AND CONTROL
4 I-95 DRIVE CYCLE
5 EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
6 CONCLUSIONS
Chapter 47: Factors affecting transient cooling system performance for arduous drive cycles
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 EFFECT OF SYSTEM PARAMETERS ON TRANSIENT COOLING PERFORMANCE
3 EFFECT OF DRIVER STYLE ON TRANSIENT COOLING PERFORMANCE
4 COMPARISON OF COOLING SYSTEM SIGN OFF CONDITIONS
5 CONCLUSIONS
Chapter 48: Unsteady method for thermal vehicle prediction
1 ABSTRACT
2 INTRODUCTION
3 PREVIOUS SIMULATION TECHNIQUES
4 EXPERIMENT
5 SIMULATION
6 WORKFLOW IMPLEMENTATION
7 CONCLUSIONS
Chapter 49: Numerical simulation of exhaust system temperatures taking into account thermal interactions with the vehicle environment
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 MODELLING STRATEGY
3 DESCRIPTION OF MODEL and Analysis
4 RESULTS
5 CONCLUSION
Heat and A/C Vehicle Comfort
Chapter 50: Combination of a 1D tool and CFD results for a cool down simulation
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
SIMULATION
CABIN MODEL
WORKFLOW FOR THE DATA INPUT OF A CABIN MODEL
AIR CONDITIONING CIRCUIT
TRANSIENT BEHAVIOR OF THE HVAC AIR PATH
FULL SIMULATION MODEL
SIMULATION BASE LINE
CONCLUSION
Chapter 51: 3D Thermal simulation of a vehicle cabin with a view to reducing air conditioning loads
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 SIMULATION APPROACH
3 RESULTS
4 DISCUSSION
5 CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Chapter 52: Distributed energy system simulation of a vehicle
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 METHODOLOGY FOR CREATING AND EXECUTING A CO-SIMULATION
3 SIMULATION OF A COACH’S THERMAL SYSTEM
4 SIMULATION RESULTS
5 CONCLUSIONS
Chapter 53: Exhaust system heat exchanger design for thermal energy recovery in passenger vehicle applications
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 THERMOELECTRIC GENERATOR (TEG) HEAT EXCHANGER MODELS
3 HEAT TRANSAFER ENHANCEMENT OF THE TEG
4 BACK PRESSURE DEVELOPMENT BY THE EXHAUST SYSTEM COMPONENTS AND THE TEG
5 CONCLUSIONS
Chapter 54: Influence of vehicle age on build-up of carbon dioxide in cabin to monitor indoor air quality (IAQ)
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
LITERATURE REVIEW
CURRENT INVESTIGATION
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
DISCUSSIONS ON SAFETY ISSUES
CONCLUSIONS
FUTURE WORK
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Chapter 55: TOPMACS: Thermally OPerated Mobile Air Conditioning Systems
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 SILICA GEL/WATER PROTOTYPE SORPTION COOLER DEVELOPMENT AND LABORATORY TESTS
3 ON BOARD OVERALL SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING
4 SUMMARY ON PASSENGER CAR APPLICATION
5 ZEOLITE/WATER ADSORPTION COOLING SYSTEM AND OVERALL DESIGN FOR TRCK INSTALLATION
6 PERFORMANCE EVALUATION ON THE TRUCK
7 SUMMARY TRUCK APPLICATION
8 CONCLUSIONS
9 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Chapter 56: PHEV/EV integrated vehicle thermal management – development of a KULI model to assess combined cooling loops
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 COMBINED COOLING LOOPS
3 APPROACH
4 MODELS
5 RESULTS
6 CONCLUSIONS
7 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Author Index
II