Ultrasonic Physics

ForewordPreface to Second EditionFrom the Preface to First EditionI. Sources of Ultrasound 1. Piezo-electric Source 2. Cutting the Oscillator 3. Mounting of Quartz 4. Circuits to Maintain Piezo-electric Oscillators 5. Impedance of Crystal Oscillator 6. Magnetostrictive Oscillator 7. Ferro-electric Crystals 8. Electro- or Magnetostrictive Transducers ReferencesII. Methods of Detection and Properties of Ultrasonic Radiation 1. Smoke Method 2. Behaviour of a Large Obstacle in the Field 3. Radiometers 4. Electrical Detectors 5. Optical Methods 6. Microphones 7. Radiation from a Disc 8. Reaction on Source 9. Change of Wave-Form 10. "Streaming" from an Acoustic Source 11. Scattering of Ultrasound by Obstacles ReferencesIII. Measurement of Propagation Constants 1. The Pierce Interferometer 2. The Fixed-Path Interferometer 3. The Variable-Path Interferometer 4. Thermal Absorption 5. Satellites: Effects of Radial Waves 6. Viscous Damping in Narrow Tubes 7. Pulse Methods for Propagation Constants 8. Velocity in Liquids by Optical Methods 9. Ultrasonic Wave-Train as Optical Grating 10. Reverberation Methods for Absorption ReferencesIV. Propagation in Gases 1. Relaxations 2. Low Frequency Measurements 3. Ultrasonic Propagation in Pure Gases 4. Results at Varying Pressure 5. Propagation in Vapors 6. Propagation in Moist Air 7. Propagation in Other Mixtures of Gases 8. Propagation at High Temperatures and Pressures 9. Effects at Low Temperature 10. Propagation in Gases Contained in Capillary Tubes ReferencesV. Propagation in Liquids 1. Continuous Wave Methods in Liquids 2. Pulse Methods for Absorption 3. Absence of Dispersion of Velocity in Liquids 4. Attenuation in Liquids 5. Results for Fand a in Liquid Mixtures 6. Effects of Pressure 7. Effect of Varying Temperature 8. Propagation in Condensed Gases 9. Theories of Anomalous Propagation in Liquids 10. Elastic Liquids under Shear and Compressional Vibration ReferencesVI. Critical and Other Fluid Transition States 1. The Critical State between Liquid and Vapor 2. The Critical State in Liquid Mixtures 3. Sol-Gel Transition 4. Velocity in Liquid Helium 5. Propagation in Liquid He II ReferencesVII. Propagation in Solids 1. Plates 2. Propagation in Rods 3. Propagation in Rubber-like Materials 4. Propagation in High Polymers and Fibers 5. Absorption in Solids 6. Grain Refining and Ultrasonic Scattering in Melts ReferencesVIII. Ultrasound in Disperse Systems 1. Propagation in Aerosols 2. Propagation in Suspensions 3. Propagation in Emulsions 4. Air Bubbles in Liquids 5. Cavitation ReferencesIX. Miscellaneous Physical and Physico-Chemical Actions 1. Dispersion and Coagulation of Particulate Matter 2. The Break-up of Liquid Jets 3. Acoustic Birefringence 4. Sono-Luminescence 5. Ultrasound and Turbulent Flow 6. Measurement of Ionic Solvation in Electrolytes ReferencesAuthor IndexSubject Index