Ultracentrifugal Analysis in Theory and Experiment

A Conference Sponsored by the National Academy of Sciences with the Financial Support of the National Science Foundation; Held at the Rockefeller Institute from June 18 to June 21, 1962

1st Edition - January 1, 1963
Editor: J. W. Williams
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 2 - 0 7 7 9 - 7
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 1 - 4 4 9 7 - 9
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 2 - 2 1 2 2 - 9

Ultracentrifugal Analysis: In Theory and Experiment aims to tackle some outstanding problems in sedimentation analysis. The book presents topics such as the thermodynamics of… Read more

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Ultracentrifugal Analysis: In Theory and Experiment aims to tackle some outstanding problems in sedimentation analysis. The book presents topics such as the thermodynamics of diffusion and sedimentation; diffusion and sedimentation in multicomponent systems; and the frictional formalism in the flow equations of sedimentation. The text also includes topics such as solutions of the general differential equation for the ultracentrifuge; the interpolation diagram for calculating model Schlieren patterns for reversibly interacting systems; and sedimentation of reversibly aggregating substances. Articles on the effects of charge on the sedimentation, the diffusion and the sedimentation equilibrium of colloidal electrolytes; the basic equilibrium equations; and the sedimentation equilibrium in reacting systems are also considered. The book further tackles articles on the optical systems for sedimentation analysis; computational methods of ultracentrifugation; separation cells; and the magnetic bearing for an ultracentrifuge. Chemists, physicists, and biologists will find the book invaluable.

Participants in the Conference

The Aims of the Conference

Introductory Remarks

Part I Transport Theory

Thermodynamics of Diffusion and Sedimentation

I. Introduction

II. General Theory

III. Applications

References

Diffusion and Sedimentation in Multicomponent Systems

I. Introduction

II. Independently Moving Substances

III. Sedimentation Equilibrium

IV. Sedimentation Coefficients and Diffusion Coefficients

V. General Relation between Sedimentation and Diffusion

VI. Formulas for Two Substances

VII. Formulas for Three Substances

References

Frîctional Formalism in the Flow Equations of Sedimentation

I. Equivalence of the Lamm and Onsager Formulations

II. Flow Equations in Terms of Frictions

III. Component Transformations by Tensor Formalism

References

Solutions of the General Differential Equation for the Ultracentrifuge

I. Introduction

II. Simple Exact and Approximate Solutions

III. General Properties Suggesting Possible Experiments

References

Comments

Problems in the Determination of Molecular Weight Distributions by Sedimentation Transport

I. Introduction

II. Sedimentation in a Ө-Solvent

III. Effects of Pressure on Sedimentation Coefficient

IV. Concentration Effects

V. Concentration Dependence of s in Ѳ-Solvents

References

Comments

An Interpolation Diagram for Calculating Model Schlieren Patterns for Reversibly Interacting Systems

I. Introduction

II. Glossary

III. Relating Theory to Experiment

IV. Graphical Representation

V. Schlieren Pattern

VI. Example: Sedimentation of Pepsin and Albumin in Mixture

VII. Conclusion

References

Sedimentation of Reversibly Aggregating Substances

I. Introduction

II. Basic Postulates

III. Example

References

Comments

Effects of Charge on the Sedimentation, the Diffusion and the Sedimentation Equilibrium of Colloidal Electrolytes

I. Introduction

II. General Equations

III. Sedimentation Equilibrium, Sedimentation, and Diffusion

IV. The Quantities Derived from Experimental Diagrams

V. A Model of the Solution

VI. Final Equations for the Molecular Weight

VII. The Primary Charge Effect

References

Part II Eqiulibrium Theory

Basic Equilibrium Theory

I. Introduction

II. General Equations

III. Two-Component Systems

IV. Three-Component Systems

V. Polycomponent Systems

Comments

Sedimentation Equilibrium in Reacting Systems

I. Introduction

II. Theory

III. Discussion

References

Comments

The Transient State in Density-Gradient Centrifugation

I. The Continuity Equation for the Problem

II. The Equilibrium Distribution

III. The Transient Distribution

IV. Moments of the Transient Distribution

V. Possible Applications

VI. Effects of Density Heterogeneity

VII. Significance of the Quantity ó2/Æ)

VIII. Comparison with Experiment

References

Measurement of Density Heterogeneity by Sedimentation in Preformed Gradients

I. Introduction

II. The Time Needed for Sedimentation to Equilibrium in a Preformed Density Gradient

III. Duration of a Nonequilibrium Density Gradient

IV. Results and Computations

V. Appendix

References

Comments

Part III Practice

Optical Systems for Sedimentation Analysis

I. Introduction

II. General Comments

III. An Automatic, Direct-Recording, Photoelectric-Scanning Absorption Optical System

References

Computational Methods of Ultracentrifugation

I. Introduction

II. Minimum Apparent s-Rate in Preparative Ultracentrifugation

III. Geometrical Complications

IV. Moment Method of Computation

V. Computational Process

VI. Summary

References

Separation Cells

I. Introduction

II. Separation Cells

III. Characterization of Solutes

IV. Summary

References

Magnetic Bearing for an Ultracentrifuge

I. Introduction

II. Suspension of the Rotor

III. The Characteristic Equation of the System

IV. Details of the System

V. Alignment and Operation

VI. Summary

References

Comments

A Survey of the Uses of the Ultracentrifuge in Biological Research

I. General Considerations

II. Uses of the Ultracentrifuge

III. Conclusions

References

Author Index

Subject Index

Life Sciences

Physical Sciences & Engineering

Social Sciences & Humanities

Health

Ultracentrifugal Analysis in Theory and Experiment

A Conference Sponsored by the National Academy of Sciences with the Financial Support of the National Science Foundation; Held at the Rockefeller Institute from June 18 to June 21, 1962

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