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Turbulence Phenomena
An Introduction to the Eddy Transfer of Momentum, Mass, and Heat, Particularly at Interfaces
1st Edition - January 1, 1972
Author: J.T. Davies
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 2 0 6 0 7 0 - 0
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 1 5 0 9 3 - 4
Turbulence Phenomena provides an introduction to the eddy transfer of momentum, mass, and heat, specifically at interfaces. The approach of the discussion of the subject matter is… Read more
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Turbulence Phenomena provides an introduction to the eddy transfer of momentum, mass, and heat, specifically at interfaces. The approach of the discussion of the subject matter is based on the eddy mixing length concept of Prandtl. Chapter 1 begins with a discussion on basic concepts regarding liquid flow such as viscosity, turbulent flows, and velocities. As concepts and theories are established, the book then discusses the eddy transfer in fluids, specifically eddy transfer of mass and heat within fluids and eddy transfer near solid surfaces. The concept of eddies in different surfaces is discussed in length all throughout numerous chapters. These different surfaces include clean gas-liquid surfaces, clean liquid-liquid interfaces, and film-covered surfaces. The last few chapters focus on the more detailed discussion on turbulence, such as the concept of spontaneous interfacial turbulence and emulsification and turbulent dispersion and coalescence. The book will be of great use to undergraduate students of chemical engineering, physics, and chemistry.
Preface
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1. Velocities and Stresses in Turbulent Flows
Introduction
Types of Turbulent Flow
Pipe-Flow Turbulence
Prandtl's Theory
Shear Stress Velocity
Velocity Profiles
Dimensionless Units
The Interpretation of υ0
The Friction Factor φ and Pressure Drops
Dimensionless One-Seventh-Power Velocity Profile
Flow over Flat Plates
Entry Effects in Pipes
Flow in Open Channels
Isotropic Turbulence
Turbulence in Stirred Tanks
Free Turbulent Jets
Restrained Turbulent Jets
References
Chapter 2. Eddy Transfer of Mass and Heat within Fluids
Introduction to Mass Transfer in Fluids
Mass Transfer in Turbulent Flows
Mixing in Turbulent Flows
Introduction to Heat Transfer in Fluids
Heat Transfer in Turbulent Flows
Thermal Mixing in Turbulent Flows
References
Chapter 3. Eddy Transfer near Solid Surfaces
Eddies near a Solid Surface
Velocity Profiles near Wall for Turbulent Flow
Relation between Momentum and Mass Transfer
Comparison with Experiment for Smooth Surfaces
Mass Transfer from Rough Surfaces
Mass Transfer in Stirred Tanks
Mass Transfer into Impinging Submerged Turbulent Jets
Reaction between Dissolving Solid and Bulk Reactant
Deposition from Colloidal Dispersions
Relation between Momentum and Heat Transfer
Comparison with Experiment
Heat Transfer across Rough Walls
Heat Transfer from Suspended Solids
Heat Transfer in Stirred Tanks from Jacket or Coiled Pipes
Heat Transfer to Liquid Metals in Pipes
Heat Transfer into Impinging Submerged Jets
References
Chapter 4. Eddies at Clean Gas-Liquid Surfaces
Eddies near a Liquid Surface
Mass Transfer Calculations
Experiments on Surface Renewal
Experimental Physical Absorption Rates
Gas Absorption with Chemical Reaction
References
Chapter 5. Eddies at Clean Liquid-Liquid Interfaces
Eddies near a Clean Liquid-Liquid Interface
Visualization of Interfacial Renewal
Experimental Physical Absorption Rates
Extraction Accompanied by Chemical Reaction
Heat Transfer
References
Chapter 6. Eddies at Film-Covered Surfaces
Eddies near Film-Covered Surfaces
Experiments on Surface Renewal
Experimental Physical Absorption Rates
References
Chapter 7. Turbulence in Non-Newtonian Fluids and Drag Reduction
Nonelastic Non-Newtonian Fluids
Elastic Fluids in Shear
Reduction of Turbulent Drag
Drag Reduction by Flexible Walls
References
Chapter 8. Eddies in and around Moving Drops
Introduction
Velocity and Mass Transfer at Low Drop Reynolds Number
Velocity and Mass Transfer at Intermediate Reynolds Numbers (Re = 50-200)
Heat Transfer at Reynolds Numbers up to about 200
Drop Behavior at High Drop Reynolds Numbers (a Few Hundred to a Few Thousand)
Heat Transfer at High Reynolds Numbers
Larger Drops and Bubbles
Non-Newtonian Systems
Drops in Agitated Systems
References
Chapter 9. Spontaneous Interfacial Turbulence and Emulsification
Spontaneous Interfacial Turbulence
Quantitative Theories
Mass Transfer and Interfacial Turbulence
Mass and Heat Transfer at Solid Surfaces
Spontaneous Emulsification
References
Chapter 10. Turbulent Dispersion and Coalescence
Introduction
Dispersion into Isotropic Turbulence
Dispersion into Pipe-Flow Turbulence
Dispersions of Liquids and Solids in Gases
Dispersion of Liquids from Turbulent Jets
Dispersion of Gas Bubbles in Turbulent Liquids
Mass Transfer in Disperse Systems
Coalescence
Practical Extraction in Agitated Systems
References
Appendix I. The Equation of Continuity
Appendix II. The Levich Treatment of Mass Transfer
Appendix III. The Effect of Chemical Reaction on Solution Rates
Appendix IV. Deposition of Aerosol Particles from Turbulent Fluids
Appendix V. Heat Transfer to Liquid Metals
Appendix VI. Rate of Absorption of a Gas into a Turbulent Liquid
Appendix VII. Absorption of Gas with Chemical Reaction
Symbols and Units
Useful Conversion Factors
Notation
Problems
Author Index
Subject Index
- No. of pages: 424
- Language: English
- Published: January 1, 1972
- Imprint: Academic Press
- Hardback ISBN: 9780122060700
- eBook ISBN: 9780323150934