Toxins

Animal, Plant and Microbial

1st Edition - October 2, 2013
Editor: Philip Rosenberg
Language: English
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 1 - 5 3 5 3 - 7

Toxins: Animal, Plant and Microbial is a collection of materials from the proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Animal, Plant, and Microbial toxins, held in Costa… Read more

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Toxins: Animal, Plant and Microbial is a collection of materials from the proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Animal, Plant, and Microbial toxins, held in Costa Rica in August 1976. The book deals with research done on reptiles, arthropods, marine, fresh water, amphibia, plants, bacteria, and multispecies focusing on topics such as biology, anatomy, immunology, bio-chemistry, physiology, and pharmacology. The paper starts with the feeding methods and diet for snakes that will be used for venom collection. Another paper describes the venom apparatus and amount of venom yields of the snake Hydrophiidae. The book also describes the ultrastructure of the skin of the soapfish Grammistes sexlineatus, known to release an irritating substance when threatened or disturbed. One paper presents the effect of toxins derived from the scorpion venom on neuromuscular transmission, while another study describes anti-scorpion serum and antivenin with a corresponding table representing the correct serum dosage. The book then presents a method to use for quantitative separation and analysis of certain mycotoxins that can be present in foodstuffs. One paper also addresses the effects of mycotoxins on immunity levels, such as lowered resistance to diseases, interference with acquired immunity, and changes in antibody production. Chemists, students and professors in organic chemistry, and laboratory technicians whose work is related to pharmacology and toxicology will find this book relevant.

I. Reptiles

1. Biology-Anatomy-Immunology

An Artificial Feeding Technique and Diet for Captive Snakes

Venom Yield with Different Milking Procedures

Application of Banding Techniques to the Analysis of Chromosome Data and its Significance in Phylogenetic Studies in Snakes

A Venom Gland in the Lower Jaw of the Coral Snake (Micrurus Nigrocinctus Mosquitensis Schmidt)

Phylogeny of the Oral Glands in Reptiles as Related to the Origin and Evolution of Snakes

The Venom Apparatus and Venom Yields of Sub-Tropical Queensland Hydrophiidae

The Problem of the Antigenicity of Some Short Toxins of Elapidae and Hydrophiidae Venoms

Immuno-chemical Studies of Elapid Esterases

Study on Taiwan Cobra Venom Toxoid

Abstracts

The Aerobic and Anaerobic Bacterial Flora of Venoms of Costa Rican Snakes

Cardiac Frequency in Venomous Snakes from Costa Rica During Rest, Milking and Water Immersion

A Multivalent Anti-Elapidic Serum Against the Principal Micrurus of the American Continent

General View Concerning Antiofidic Serums Against All Types of Snakes Commonly Encountered in Mexico

Neutralization of Crotalidae Venoms by Sera from Species of Crotalidae and Colubridae

Comparative Immunology of Sea Snake Venoms

2. Chemistry-Biochemistry

Characterization of Thrombin-Like Proteinase from Bothrops Asper Venom

Isolation and Characterization of Gyroxin from Crotalus Durissus Terrificus Venom

Phospholipases A2 from vipera Ammodytes Venom

Purification of an Arginine Ester Hydrolase from Crotalus Adamanteus Venom

Acetylcholinesterase Isozymes from Elapid Venoms

Studies on Bungarus Fasciatus Venom

Effect of ß-Bungarotoxin on ATPase Activity, 45Ca++ Uptake and Conformation of Biological Membranes

Effect of Cobra Cardiotoxin on ATPase Activity, 45Ca++ Uptake and Conformation of Biological Membranes

Some Chemical and Physiopharmacological Properties of Fractions from the Venoms of Crotalus Viridis Helleri and Crotalus Scutulatus Scutulatus

Enzymatic Activities and Other Characteristics of Crotalus Vegrandis Snake Venom

Fractionation of Aqkistrodon Bilineatus Venom by Ion Exchange Chromatographv

The Structure of Snake Neurotoxins and Their Affinity for the Acetylcholine Receptor

Release of Lysosomal Enzyme Cathepsin D by Two Phospholipases A2 from vivera Ammodutes Venom

Chemistry and Biochemistry of Snake Venom Neurotoxins

Chemical Modification of Cobrotoxin with Bi-functional Reagent 4.4'-Difluoro-3,3'- Dinitro-Diphenylsulfone 293

Abstracts

Hypotensin: A Hypotensive Peptide Isolated from the Venom of Crotalus Atrox; Purification, Amino Acid Composition and Terminal Amino Acid Residues

5'Nucleotidasa En El Veneno De Lachesis Muta L.

Studies on the Proteolytic Action of Bothrops Atrox Atrox Venom

Purification of Collagenases from Crotalus Adamanteus Venom

Three Dimensional Structure of the Sea Snake Toxin - Erabutoxin b

A Phospholipase Highly Toxic to Arthropods from the Venom of Naja Mossambica Mossambica

Solvent Effects on Neurotoxic Protein Polymorphism

Preparation of Endonuclease, Exonuclease and 5'-Nucleotidase from the Same Sample of Venom

ADPase and Phosphodiesterase of Snake Venoms. Their Independent or Associated Presences in Ophidian Venoms

Introduction to Sea Snake Toxinology - A Round Table Discussion

Chemistry of Sea Snake Neurotoxins

Isoenzymes of L-Amino Acid Oxidase from the Venom of Bothrops Asper

Isolamento E Purificaçao Do Fator Coagulante Do Veneno De Bothrops Moojeni

Aislamiento De Fosfodiesterasa Del Veneno De Lachesis Muta L. ("Shuchupe")

3. Physiology-Pharmacology

The Anticoagulant Phospholipase A2 from Viper a Berus Venom

Thrombosis Prevention by a Procoagulant Enzyme Isolated from Echis Carinatus Venom

Toxicology of the Venom of Subtropical Queensland Hydrophiidae

Biochemistry and Pharmacology of Toxins from Australian Snake Venoms

The Action of Crotamine on Skeletal Muscle: An Electrophysiological Study

Acute Hemodynamic Effects of Rattlesnake, Crotalus Viridis Helleri, Venom

Preliminary Electrophysiology of Erabutoxin-a

Tissue Necrosis and Protease Content in Snake Venoms

Pharmacological Studies on the Venom of a Sea Snake, Hydrophis Cyanocinctus

Abstracts

Mechanism of the Cardiovascular Effects Induced by the Myocardial Depressor Protein (MDP) from Crotalus Atrox Venom

Venom Proteins in Experimental Cardiology 1. Hemodynamic and Metabolic Effects of Dexamethasone in Normal and Low Cardiac Output Shock in the Absence of Coronary Artery Occlusion

Effect of Purified V-Toxin from Naja Nigricollis Venom on Ca2+ Release and Uptake by Cardiac Micelles and Membrane

Central Nervous System Studies with Crotalus Venoms and Venom Fractions

A Comparative Study of Hemolysis by Viperid Snake Venoms on Erythrocytes

Comparative Study of the Hemolytic Activity of Venoms of Micrurus Nigrocinctus, Bungarus Multicinctus and Naja Naja

Experimental Defibrination with Bothropase: Action of Antifibrinolytic Substances

Central Neurotoxicity of Cobra Neurotoxin, Cardiotoxin and Phospholipase A

Toxicity of Sea Snake Venoms for Amphibians and Reptiles

Thrombin-Like and Factor X - Activator Components of Bothrops Snake Venoms

ß-Bungarotoxin: Phospholipase Activity is Responsible for Presynaptic Action

Pathophysiology of the Envenomation Produced by Micrurus Frontalis Venom

Antagonism of Micrurus Frontalis Venom by Neostigmine. Treatment of Experimental Envenomation

The Antagonistic Effect Produced by Neostigmine upon the Paralysis Caused by Micrurus Frontalis Venom (Film)

4. Clinical

Epidemiological Study of Snake-Bite in India

Advances in the Treatment of Snake Venom Poisoning

Clinical Reactions to Antivenin

Security Standards in a Serpentarium

The Surgical Treatment of Snake Bites

A Fatal Case of Snake Bite Due to Thelotornis Kirtlandii

Refinements of the Method to Produce Modified Snake Venom Neurotoxin and of the Methods Used in the Partial Treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Preliminary Clinical Observations with Prophylactic Cyproheptadine Hydrochloride in Potential Serum Reactions to Antivenins

Abstracts

Treatment of Snake Bite in Southern Africa

A Test of the Current Theories of Snake Bite Therapy

Use and Importance of Snake Venoms in Blood Coagulation

Mexican Reptiles from the Standpoint of Public Health Importance and Geographic Distribution

Renal Lesions in Snake Bite in Costa Rica

II. Marine-Freshwater-Amphibia

Ultrastructure of the Skin of the Soapfish Grammistes Sexlineatus

Polypeptide Cytolysins and Neurotoxins Isolated from the Mucus Secretions of the Heteronemertine Cerebratulus Lacteus (Leidy)

Some Physiological Effects of Fractionated Jellyfish Toxin

Some Effects of Purified Components of Jellyfish Toxin on Adenosine Triphosphatase Activities

Pardaxin: The Toxic Factor from the Skin Secretion of the Flatfish Pardachirus Marmoratus (Soleidae)

Sea Anemone Toxins: Investigations on Their Mode of Action

Pharmacological Investigations on Purified Toxins Isolated from the Sea Anemone Anemonia Sulcata

Fine Structure of Stingray Spine Epidermis with Special Reference to a Unique Microtubular Component of Venom Secreting Cells

Abstracts

Purification of Neuro- and Cardiotoxic Polypeptides from Sea Anemones

Purification and Characterization of a Phospholipase A2 from Sea Anemone Nematocysts Venom

The Mechanism of Sea Anemone Nematocyst Venom - Induced Hemolysis

Polypeptides from Sea Anemones: Structure and Function of Toxins and Proteinase-Inhibitors from Anemonia Sulcata

Toxins of the Atelopid Frogs of Costa Rica and Panama

Ecology of Toxicity in Marine Sponges

Synthesis of Holothurinogenines

Structure Examined by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Toxic Activity of the Spines of the Purple Sea Urchin

III. Arthropods

Histamine in the Venom of Queen and Worker Honey Bees (Apis Mellifera L.)

Phospholipase Activity of Vespa Orientalis (Oriental Hornet) Venom and Venom Apparatus

Isolation and Characterization of Several Proteins from Tityus Serrulatus Scorpion Venom

Immunological Studies on Antiscorpion Serum and Antivenin

The Effect of Toxins Derived from the Venom of the Scorpion Androctonus Australis Hector on Neuromuscular Transmission

Epidemiological Aspects of Scorpionism in Mexico. 1. Purification of Neurotoxins from Centruroides Limpidus Limpidus Venom

Physiological Characterization of Toxins Isolated from Scorpion Venom

Effects of Latrodectus Mactans Spider Venom on the Isolated Perfused Cat Spleen

Comparative Studies on Hemolymph Protein Toxins of Leptinotarsa Beetles

Abstracts

Eosinophilia in Mice and Rats Following the Injection of a Venom Sac Extract of the Oriental Hornet (vespa Orientalis)

Histopathological Changes in Mouse and Rat Skin Injected with Extracts from Venom Sacs of the Oriental Hornet (Vespa Orientalis)

Apamin: Effects on Cardiovascular and Central Nervous System

Toxicity of Hornet Venom as Related to Ontogenesis

Hemolytic Activity of Hornet Venom as Related to Ontogenesis

Cardiovascular Effects of Bee Venom

Human Envenomation by Bee Stings

Action of Androctonus Australis Hector Toxin II on Na+ and Ca2+ Uptake by Chick Embryo Heart Cells

An Improved Method for Purification of Tityustoxin

Amino Terminal Sequence of Toxin X Isolated from Tityus Serrulatus Scorpion Venom

Mechanism of the Pulmonary Edema Induced by Tityustoxin in the Rat

Mechanism of Action of Tityustoxin on Isolated Smooth Muscles

Some Differences in Scorpion Venoms During Expulsion

Tityustoxin Interaction with Neuromuscular Tissues as Revealed by Immunofluorescence

Neuromuscular Effects of Purified Toxins 140-1 (and Others) from Venom of the Scorpion Centruroides Sculpturatus

Quantitative Analysis of a Scorpion Neurotoxin Androctonus Australis Hector Toxin I, by Radioimmunoassay

The Action of Different Scorpion Toxins on Mammal and Arachnid Neuromuscular Preparations

The Spiders of Genus Latrodectus (Black Widow Spiders) in Argentine

Chemistry and Physiopharmacology of Some Toxins of the Black Widow Spider Latrodectus Hesperus

Estudo Dos Venenos Das Aranhas Do Genero Loxosceles E Preparaçao Dos Antivenenos Especificos

Effects of Extracts of Black Widow Venom Glands on Pool Sizes of Choline and Acetylcholine in Rat Brain Synaptosomes

Some Structural and Behavioral Characteristics of Spiders of Medical Importance

A Biochemical Comparison of Two Spider Venom Toxins

IV. Plants

High Pressure Liquid Chromatography in the Identification and Analysis of Mycotoxins in Foodstuffs

Mycotoxin-Macromolecule Bindings

Detoxification of Aflatoxin-Contaminated Agricultural Commodities

Mycotoxin Teratogenicity

Effects of Several Mycotoxins on the Chromosomes of Human Lymphocytes In Vitro

Studies on the Characterization of the Hepatic Nucleic Acid-Bound Forms of Aflatoxin Βχ in the Rat

Body Weight Changes and Corresponding Pathological Responses Seen in Syrian Hamsters and Mongolian Gerbils Fed Aflatoxin Bl

Aflatoxin Mutagenesis in Neurospora Crassa

Effects of Mycotoxins on Immunity

Mycotoxin Production by Postharvest Pathogens of Fruits and Vegetables

A Toxin from Phytophthora Infestans Which Regulates Phenolic and Terpenoid Metabolism in Potato

Toxic and Nontoxic Lectins from Abrus Precatorius and Ricinus Communis

Abstracts

Analytical Method for Aflatoxins in Corn Samples Contaminated with Levels up to 1000 ug/kg

Blue Fluorescent Compounds, Isolated from the Semi-Synthetic Media of Aspergillus Terreus

Toxic, Irritant and Cocarcinogenic Compounds from Urtica,- Primula- and Daphne-Species

The Sclerosing Effects of African Palm Thorns on Giant Cavernous Hemangiomas

V. Bacteria

Endotoxin - Glucocorticoid Interactions with Hormone Specific Receptors in the Rat

The Mediation of Endotoxemic Effects

Pharmacologie Reversal of Selected Effects of Endotoxin

Cell Mediators of Endotoxic Effects

Alteration of the Sensitivity of Mice to Bacterial Endotoxin

Practlonation of Lipid Components Isolated from Endotoxin and Their Chemical and Biological Properties

Endotoxemia in Irradiated Mice

Evidence for Enterotoxin and Two Cytolytic Toxins in Human Isolates of Aeromonas Hydrophila

Properties of the Binding to Gangliosides and Synaptosomes of a Fragment of the Tetanus Toxin Molecule

Tetanus Immunization with a Fluid Pure Monomeric Toxoid Administered by Intradermal Route

Structure-Function Relationship of Tetanus Neurotoxin Molecule: Analyses with Complementary Polypeptide Fragments and a Subfragment

Pharmacological Activity of Bacterial Peptidoglycan: The Effect on Temperature and Sleep in the Rat

A Cardiotoxin (Thermostable Direct Hemolysin) Produced by Vibrio Parahaemolyticus

Purification and Activities of Pertussigen, a Substance from Bordetella Pertussis

Effects of α-Toxin (Phospholipase C) of Clostridium Perfringens on Microcirculation

Detoxification of Microbial Toxins with Glutaraldehyde and Their Use in the Preparation of Vaccines

Abstracts

Hepatic Dysfunction in Lead or Cadmium-Induced Endotoxin Hypersensitivity

Enterotoxin Producing Bacteria and Parasites in Stools of Ethiopian Children with Diarrhoeal Disease

Importance of Tetanus and Diphtheria Toxins: Titration in Biologicals

Cyclic Nucleotides Effect on Tetanus Toxin Paralyzed Rabbit Sphincter Pupillae Muscle

Mechanism of Action of Staphylocoagulase

Stimulatory Effect of Staphylococcal Leukocidin on Granulopoiesis Disturbed by Cytostatic Agents

Plasma Kinin Release by Clostripain: Pattern of Drug Inhibition

VI. Multiple Classification

Sequence Homology of Snake, Scorpion and Bee Toxins

Oral Toxicity of Venoms and Toxins to Blowflies

The Effect of Venom and Bacterial Phospholipases on the Binding of Gamma Aminobutyric Acid to Junctional Complexes

On the Molecular Mechanism of Action of Scorpion and Snake Neurotoxins

Abstracts

Isotoxins in Animal Venoms

Panel Discussion on Pathogenesis of Neurotoxins

Nomenclature of Naturally Occurring Peptides

Classification of Toxins Extracted from the Venom of Serpents - Comments

Terms in Toxinology

Comments on the Nomenclature of Snake Venom Toxins

Nomenclature of Venom Toxins

Author Index

Subject Index from Titles

Life Sciences

Physical Sciences & Engineering

Social Sciences & Humanities

Health

Toxins

Animal, Plant and Microbial

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