Toxicology Emergencies, An Issue of Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America

1st Edition, Volume 40-2 - April 22, 2022
Editor: Christopher P. Holstege
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 8 4 8 8 6 - 2
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 8 4 8 8 7 - 9

In this issue of Emergency Medicine Clinics, guest editors Drs. Christopher P. Holstege and Joshua D. King bring their considerable expertise to the topic of Toxicology… Read more

Toxicology Emergencies, An Issue of Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America

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In this issue of Emergency Medicine Clinics, guest editors Drs. Christopher P. Holstege and Joshua D. King bring their considerable expertise to the topic of Toxicology Emergencies. The field of medical toxicology has grown dramatically over the past decade, with the emergence of new pharmaceuticals, abused substances, chemicals within the workplace, and agents of terrorism. In this issue, top experts in the field address some of the more common, controversial, or emerging areas in this challenging area.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Forthcoming Issues
Foreword
Preface
Found Down: Approach to the Patient with an Unknown Poisoning
Key points
Introduction
Case illustration
Epidemiology
Initial clinical approach
Diagnostic testing
Treatment
Advanced supportive care
Disposition
Special considerations
Summary
Clinics care points
The Management of Agitated Toxidromes
Key points
Introduction
Assessment
Therapeutic interventions
Summary
Clinics care points
Disclosure
Pediatric Toxicology
Key points
Introduction
Discussion
Summary
Clinics care points
Disclosure
Metabolic Acidosis: Differentiating the Causes in the Poisoned Patient
Key points
Introduction
Approach to the poisoned patient with metabolic acidosis
Classification of toxicants associated with metabolic acidosis
Mechanisms of toxin-induced metabolic acidosis
Toxins resulting in increased acid production
Toxins impairing the renal elimination of acids
Treatment considerations for toxin-induced metabolic acidosis
Role of buffer therapy
Antidotal therapy
Summary
Clinics care points
Emerging Agents of Substance Use/Misuse
Key points
Introduction
Cannabinoids
Synthetic cathinones
Synthetic opioids
Designer benzodiazepines
Kratom (mitragynine)
Phenibut
Tianeptine
Detection of novel psychoactive substances
Summary
Clinics care points
Disclosure
Carbon Monoxide Toxicity
Key points
Introduction
Summary
Disclosure
North American Envenomation Syndromes
Key points
Introduction
Discussion
Summary
Clinical pearls
Clinics care points
Disclosure
Toxic Alcohol Poisoning
Key points
Introduction
Summary
Clinics care points
Disclosure
Updates on the Evaluation and Management of Caustic Exposures
Key points
Introduction
Caustic ingestion
Caustic enemas
Hydrofluoric acid
Summary
Clinics care points
Disclosure
Chemical Agents Encountered in Protests
Key points
Introduction
Critical care points
The Roles of Antidotes in Emergency Situations
Key points
Antidote stocking
Methylene blue
Hydroxocobalamin
N-acetylcysteine
Fomepizole
Levocarnitine
Lipid emulsion
Clinics care points
Disclosure
Cardiotoxic Medication Poisoning
Key points
Introduction
Pharmacology and pathophysiology of poisoning
Flecainide (and other class IA and IC antidysrhythmics)
General approach to the patient with cardiotoxic medication poisoning
Summary
Clinics care points
Supplementary data
Toxin-Induced Seizures ∗Adapted from “Toxin-Induced Seizures” in Neurologic Clinics, November 2020
Key points
Introduction
Stimulants
Cholinergic agents
Gamma-aminobutyric acid antagonists
Glutamate agonist
Histamine antagonists
Adenosine antagonists
Clinics care points
Summary
Disclosure
Utilizing the Toxicology Laboratory in the Poisoned Patient
Key points
Automated laboratory testing
Nonautomated laboratory testing
Summary

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Toxicology Emergencies, An Issue of Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America

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Christopher P. Holstege