Features, Transmission, Detection, and Case Studies in COVID-19
Preface
Section A: SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: Introductory chapters and setting the scene
1. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in context: Systemic effects
Rajkumar Rajendram, Vinood B. Patel, and Victor R. Preedy
2. Early warning of SARS-CoV-2 infection
Daniele Proverbio, Françoise Kemp, and Jorge Gonçalves
3. Mobile phones and their use to study dynamics of the COVID-19 pandemic
Alex Berke and Kent Larson
Section B: Structure, transmission and avoidance
4. Cis regulatory elements: A novel communication route between the host cell and the SARS-CoV-2 genome
Barsanjit Mazumder and Anton A. Komar
5. SARS-CoV-2 ORF8: Structure, evolution, molecular function, and its contribution to the
pathogenicity of the virus
Muhamad Fahmi, Yukihiko Kubota, and Masahiro Ito
6. SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binding ligands and its application in COVID-19 therapeutics
Westley Van Zant, Gustavo Felippe Da Silva, Maria De Lourdes Borba Magalhães, and
Partha Ray
7. SARS-CoV-2 bulldozes the autophagy pathway and unhinges mitochondrial quality control
thereby driving neurodegeneration—A hypothesis
Ben Loos and Tamryn Barron
8. The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2
José Luis Zambrano, Rossana C. Jaspe, Carmen L. Loureiro, Héctor R. Rangel, Ferdinando Liprandi, and Flor H. Pujol
9. Monitoring SARS-CoV-2 spread in hospitals
Vincenzo Romano Spica and Antonio Piccolella
10. Computational analysis of mutations in SARS-CoV-2 variants spike protein and protein
interactions
Eduardo U.M. Moreira, Diego C.B. Mariano, and Raquel C. de Melo-Minardi
11. Airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2
Andrew Fox-Lewis
12. Reducing transmission of SARS-CoV-2 with face masks: Its potential protective effects
Cristiane M. Eller, Vinicius M. Mello, and Marco A.P. Horta
13. Digital twin of ventilation system against COVID-19 transmission and infection risk
Jonathan Koon Ngee Tan and Adrian Wing-Keung Law
14. Pets and SARS-CoV-2: What is their role in the epidemiology of the disease?
Sandra Barroso-Arévalo and José M. Sánchez-Vizcaíno
15. SARS-CoV-2 transmission in dental practice
Hironori Sakai, Eiji Kondo, Hirokazu Tanaka, Tetsu Shimane, Masao Hashidume, and
Hiroshi Kurita
16. SARS-CoV-2 compared with influenza and respiratory syncytial virus in terms of vertical
transmission
Sara Manti and Giovanni Piedimonte
17. Reducing droplets and aerosols in the surgical setting and applications to the COVID-19
pandemic
Belén Salvatierra-Vicario and Jaime Viera-Artiles
18. SARS-CoV motion dynamics: Linking in droplet size
Mehmet Aydin and Seckin Aydin Savas
19. Ventilation and airborne particles in classrooms: Implications for the COVID-19 pandemic
Marta F. Gabriel, Fátima Felgueiras, and Gonçalo Marques
20. Indoor transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus through aerosols emitted by e-cigarettes
Roberto A. Sussman
Section C: Impact and effects
21. The Impact of COVID-19 on first responders
Brian T. Montague, Larissa Pisney, and Eric A.F. Simões
22. COVID-19 and suspected drug-induced liver injury
Rolf Teschke and Axel Eickhoff
23. Pulmonary fibrosis in COVID-19
Ryosuke Imai and Naoki Nishimura
24. The effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on cancer: Clinical correlation and
potential pathological mechanism
Trien Trey Tang, Syed Ahad Muhammad Haidry, Cade Lewis, and Yujiang Fang
25. Severe SARS-CoV-2, plateletendothelium interactions, and cardiovascular injury
Theresa M. Rossouw, Ronald Anderson, and Charles Feldman
26. Cardiometabolic syndrome and COVID-19: Pathophysiological aspects
Subo Dey, Wojciech Rzechorzek, and Wilbert Aronow
27. COVID-19 and type 1 and 2 diabetes: An overview
Vahid Reza Askari and Vafa Baradaran Rahimi
28. COVID-19 and older adults: An overview
Vahid Reza Askari and Vafa Baradaran Rahimi
29. COVID-19 and male fertility
Mohammad Reza Fadaei, Mohammad Mahdi Dabaghi, Mohammad Saleh Fadaei, Vafa Baradaran Rahimi, and Vahid Reza Askari
30. COVID-19 and obesity: An overview
Vahid Reza Askari, Matin Shirazinia, Mohammad Saleh Fadaei, and Vafa Baradaran Rahimi
Section D: Treatments, strategies, and vaccines
31. COVD-19 vaccines and their impact: An overview
Ka Wa Khong and Ivan F.N. Hung
32. Exploring the promise of COVID-19 vaccines: A review of preclinical studies
Shubham Adhikary, Harpal S. Buttar, Hardeep Singh Tuli, and Ginpreet Kaur
33. Drugs actively being investigated for use in COVID-19
Ruiqi Zhang and Ivan F.N. Hung
34. The biology of neutralizing antibody therapy with REGEN-COV
Hiroaki Sasaki
35. The intensive care unit and percutaneous tracheostomy in patients with coronavirus disease
2019
Burhan Dost and Ozgür Kömürcü
36. Cardiac effects of drugs and vaccines used to treat and prevent COVID-19
Luigi X. Cubeddu and Marylee Tailor
37. COVID-19 pandemic and isolation: Impact on sleep
Maria Beatriz Duarte Gavião, Camila Rita Vicente Marceliano, and Dora Zulema Romero Diaz
38. Strategies in the COVID-19 pandemic: Disinfection of gloved hands
Verónica V. Márquez-Hernández, Lorena Gutiérrez-Puertas, Alba García-Viola, José Miguel Garrido-Molina, Alfredo Alcayde-García, and Gabriel Aguilera-Manrique
39. In silico studies on established antivirals on SARS-CoV-2 RNAdependent RNA polymerase
Ismail Celik, Meryem Erol, and Trina Ekawati Tallei
40. The COVID-19 cytokine storm and its immunomodulatory treatment
Maha Mohamed Saber-Ayad, Iman Mamdouh Talaat, Rakhee Kizhuvappat Ramakrishnan, and Nada
Mahmoud Soliman Yakout
41. Safety and efficacy of nebulization for reducing the intensity of viral load and clinical manifestations in patients with COVID-19
Ram B. Singh, Ghizal Fatima, Sidrah Parvez, Ghazi Halabi, and Najah Hadi
Section E: Detection and biomarkers
42. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and use in detection of SARS-CoV-2
Nitesh Gupta, Sumita Agrawal, and Hari Kishan Gonuguntla
43. SARS-CoV-2 testing and vaccination among people who use drugs
Samantha Yeager, Abbie M. Sanders, Christopher G. Capron, and Camille C. Cioffi
44. Homocysteine as a biomarker in COVID-19
Adem Keskin
45. Assessment of smell and taste in COVID-19
Constantin A. Hintschich
46. S-gene analysis: RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing applied to SARS-CoV-2 virus
Takayuki Ishige
47. False-negative results in screening for SARS-CoV-2
Hidenori Takahashi
48. Sample pooling and SARS-CoV-2 assays
Miguel Hueda-Zavaleta, Fabrizzio Bardales-Silva, Diana Minchón-Vizconde, and Juan Carlos
Gomez de la Torre Pretel
49. Biomarkers of invasive mechanical ventilation in obesity and metabolic syndrome in patients
with COVID-19
Carles Perpiñan, Laia Bertran, and Teresa Auguet
Section F: Case studies with mini review
50. Hypoxia and heart-lung interactions in COVID-19: The significance of right heart dysfunction and shunt
Rajkumar Rajendram, Naveed Mahmood, Gabriele Via, and Arif Hussain
51. Ulnar nerve dysfunction as COVID-19 sequelae
Cristina Terhoeve, Ryan Bliss, and Rasheed Ahmad
52. Case study: Coronavirus disease 2019 and acute kidney injury
Yadullah Syed and Rajkumar Rajendram
53. Case study: The detection and treatment of a pneumothorax in a patient with coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia
Rajkumar Rajendram and Arif Hussain
54. Proposal and demonstration of a survey method for the prevention of airborne transmission: Case studies in healthcare and welfare facilities
Yo Ishigaki, Naohisa Fujita, and Tatsuo Kato
Section G: Resources
55. Recommended resources for the features, transmission, and detection of coronavirus disease
2019 (COVID-19)
Rajkumar Rajendram, Daniel Gyamfi, Vinood B. Patel, and Victor R. Preedy
International and Life Course Aspects of COVID-19
Preface
Section A: Introductory chapters and setting the scene
1. COVID-19 and mortality in children
Milind Shinde, Anu Maheshwari, and Harish K. Pemde
2. Congenital and perinatal COVID-19: Diagnostic challenges, current management, and
outcomes
Angeliki Kontou, Eleftheria Hatzidaki, Kosmas Sarafidis, Gabriel Dimitriou, and Despoina Gkentzi
3. COVID-19 vaccine strategies
Amin Gasmi, Yuliya Semenova, Sadaf Noor, Amine Nehaoua, Rafiaa Malek, Habib Malek, and Geir Bjørklund
4. Social and community responses to public health and social measures for COVID-19: Community engagement for risk preparedness
Gary Ka-Ki Chung and Eng-Kiong Yeoh
Section B: International aspects
5. The COVID-19 pandemic in Italy: Ecological background and epidemiological dynamics
Marino Gatto and Stefano Miccoli
6 COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria
Ademola Aiyenuro, Chijioke Obiwe Onyeani, Yusuff Adebayo Adebisi, Promise Udohchukwu Okereke, Deborah Oluwaseun Shomuyiwa, Nneka Catherine Uche, Nafisat Dasola Jimoh, Abdullahi Tunde Aborode, Udochiamaka Amarauche Chukwu, and Samuel Ogunsola
7. A bird’s eye view of the COVID-19 pandemic in India: The past, present, and future
Dhruv S. Gupta, Manoj Aswar, and Maushmi S. Kumar
8. COVID-19 pandemic in Europe Małgorzata Gruchoła and Małgorzata
Sławek-Czochra
9. COVID-19 in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC)
Lorena Díaz de León-Martínez, Carlos Miguel López-Mendoza, Ana Jared Tenorio-Salazar, Rogelio Flores-Ramírez, and Luz Eugenia Alcántara-Quintana
10. COVID-19 in Sudan: A multiperspective review
Khabab Abbasher Hussien Mohamed Ahmed
11. Asymptomatic infection by SARSCoV-2 at the beginning of the epidemic in Cuba: Evidence from
case series
Elba Cruz Rodríguez, Niurka Molina Águila, Waldemar Baldoquin Rodríguez, Belkys María Galindo Santana, and María G. Guzmán
12. Stress and anxiety due to COVID-19 in India
Vidit Singh and Snigdha Awasthi
13. COVID-19 pandemic in Korea: A focus on medical management
Kyoo-Man Ha and Young T. Kim
14. Stigma experienced by healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: Global and Egyptian
perspectives
Aya Mostafa and Nashwa Ismail Basyoni
Section C: Reproduction, pregnancy and new-borns
15. The COVID-19 pandemic and breastfeeding
Bindi Borg and Karleen Gribble
16. Impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on female fertility
Dalhia Abramovich, Yamila Herrero, Mayra Bordaquievich, Melanie Neira, and Fernanda Parborell
17. Fetal death due to maternal COVID-19
Munekage Yamaguchi
18. The COVID-19 pandemic and identification of SARS-CoV-2 in the prostate
Katherine Campbell, Nikhil Kulkarni, Braian Ledesma, Farah Rahman, Kyle Schuppe, Mohammed Zarli, Kajal Khodamoradi, and Ranjith Ramasamy
19. COVID-19 in pregnant women: Clinical course, treatment, and maternal/fetal outcome of vaccination during pregnancy
Cinzia Auriti, Chiara Maddaloni, and Domenico Umberto De Rose
20. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG antibodies and their vertical
transfer
Jeremy D. Ward
21. COVID-19 vaccination during lactation
Amit Srivastava
22. Being pregnant during the COVID-19 pandemic: Impact of the trimester of gestation and measures of maternal mental health
Narimene Ait Belkacem, Jessica Gorgui, and Anick Bérard
23. COVID-19 related maternal mortality and SARS-CoV-2 variants
Arzu Bilge Tekin and Bilge Dogan Taymur
24. COVID-19-associated complications in pregnant women and neonates
Taylor DeAnnuntis, Jahnea Williams, Paul Burcher, Tamara Snyder, Rahul Kashyap, and Vikas Bansal
25. SARS-CoV-2 and its impact on the developing fetal neurologic system
Kartik Mody, Christine Wade, and Becky Micetic
26. Impact of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection in the placenta
Kendall Moore, Rebecca H. Jessel, Jia Chen, and Corina Lesseur
Section D: Children and adolescents
27. T cells and their subsets in children with COVID-19
Abdurrahman Simsek, Muhammed Ali Kızmaz, and Ferah Budak
28. Pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome and SARS-CoV-2
Stanisław Surma, Joanna Lewek, and Maciej Banach
29. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on nutritional status of children
Sharika Nuzhat and Mohammod Jobayer Chisti
30. COVID-19 in children: Nutrition care
Patrícia Zamberlan, Beatriz Polisel Mazzoni, Ana Lúcia Capelari Lahoz, Maria Lúcia Barbosa Maia dos Santos, Camila Nozella, and Artur Figueiredo Delgado
31. Eating disorders in children during the COVID-19 pandemic
Marchili Maria Rosaria, Giulia Spina, Cristina Mascolo, and Alberto Villani
32. Body composition in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection: Short and long term consequences
Elisabetta Di Profio, Elvira Verduci, and Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
33. Risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and childhood obesity
Maira Alejandra Ortiz-Pinto, Honorato Ortiz Marrón, and Miguel Pedromingo Kuss
34. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic during the lockdown and the post-COVID-19 effects on
the family system of children with disabilities
Bekir Fatih Meral
35. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on ordinary vaccination programs for very young children: BCG, MMR, poliomyelitis, and beyond
Guilherme Silveira Procianoy and Rita C Silveira
36. Immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination in children
Zheng Quan Toh, Nadia Mazarakis, and Paul V. Licciardi
37. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: How physical fitness changes in children
Eliseo Iglesias-Soler, Jessica Rial-Vázquez, María Rúa-Alonso, Iván Nine, and Iván Clavel
38. The COVID-19 pandemic and children: Impact on physical activity
Olena Yelizarova, Svitlana Hozak, Tetiana Stankevych, Nadiya Polka, Alla Koblianska, Alla Parats, and Olha Ivanovska
39. The COVID-19 pandemic and stress related to schooling
Xue Yang and Kylie K.Y. Chan
40. Suicidal thoughts and behaviors among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic
Christina L. Robillard, Alice Shen, and Brianna J. Turner
41. The COVID-19 pandemic: Attending to hand hygiene measures in young people
(a review of different studies)
Anna Espart, Luisa Guitard-Sein Echaluce, Maria Barcenilla-Guitard, Alba Guitard-Quer, and Fernando Barcenilla
42. Child and adolescent COVID-19 vaccination: Trends, hesitancy, and strategies for increasing vaccination
Kimberly H. Nguyen, Lavanya Vasudevan, and Robert A. Bednarczyk
43. Social distancing behavior and mental health in US adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic
Ming-Te Wang, Christina L. Scanlon, Ashley Sunjae Lee, and Ariana C. Henderson
44. Thrombotic complications in children and adolescents with SARS-CoV-2 infection
Clay T. Cohen, Dalia A. Bashir, and Sarah E. Sartain
45. Features of SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination in children: A focus on magnetic resonance imaging of the heart
Łukasz A. Małek
46. SARS-CoV-2 infection and the cytokine levels and pathway in children: An updated narrative
Tsvetelina Velikova and Snezhina Lazova
Section E: Older adults
47. Risk factors related to COVID-19 among older adults
Eva M. Satué-Gracia, Albert del Pozo-Niubo, María-José Forcadell-Peris, Cinta de Diego-Cabanes, Angel Vila-Córcoles, and Francisco M. Martín-Luján
48. Reducing loneliness and social isolation among the elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic
Xiangfei Meng, Muzi Li, and Yingying Su
49. Features and measures of depression in the elderly and the impact of the COVID-19
pandemic: Linking in preexisting mental health
Omar Paccagnella
50. Experiences of disabled older adults in adult day care centers during the COVID-19 pandemic
Takashi Naruse
51. Using single-cell analysis to investigate disease severity in elderly patients with COVID-19
Sherine K. Saber, Ahmed S. Abouhashem, Ahmed A. Elbaz, Sedat Kacar, Kanhaiya Singh, Chandan K. Sen, and Hassan M.E. Azzazy
52. COVID-19 and older adult food practices: A social determinants of health perspective
Sarah L. Francis, Catherine S. Rudolph, and Savannah Schultz
53. Older subjects and immunogenicity of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines
Piotr Seiffert and Dorota Religa
54. Noninvasive respiratory support in octogenarian patients with COVID-19
Federico Lionello, Gabriella Guarnieri, Giovanna Arcaro, Sara Lococo, and Andrea Vianello
Section F: Case studies with mini review
55. Case study: COVID-19 severity in diabetic patients with and without seizure
Budhadev Baral, Kartik Muduli, Shweta Jakhmola, Vaishali Saini, Pratik Kundu, Nikunj Kumar Rout, Shubhransu Patro, Nirmal Kumar Mohakud, and Hem Chandra Jha
56. Case study: Nonpharmaceutical interventions for COVID-19 and their social impact in Japan
Makoto Niwa, Shintaro Sengoku, and Kota Kodama
57. Case study: Factors affecting vaccine uptake—Australian perspectives
Jessica Carter and Erika Borkoles
58. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on an older disabled person
Takashi Naruse
59. COVID-19 in the newborn: Clinical course and effects of maternal vaccination in pregnancy
Cinzia Auriti, Chiara Maddaloni, and Domenico Umberto De Rose
Section G: Resources
60. Recommended resources for the international and life course aspects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Rajkumar Rajendram, Daniel Gyamfi, Vinood B. Patel, and Victor R. Preedy
Linking Neuroscience and Behavior in COVID-19
Preface
Section A: Introductory chapters and setting the scene
1. The historical aspects of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the ensuing pandemic
Taslima Nasrin, Md Samim Hassan, Arijit Samanta, Mehboob Hoque, and Safdar Ali
2. Different variants of SARS-CoV-2
Arijit Samanta, Md Samim Hassan, Taslima Nasrin, Syed Sahajada Mahafujul Alam, Zarnain Jamil, Harpal S. Buttar, Safdar Ali, and Mehboob Hoque
3. Lateral flow assay for SARS-CoV-2 infection: Uses and limitations
Mirajul Islam, Taslima Nasrin, Arijit Samanta, Safdar Ali, Harpal S. Buttar, and Mehboob Hoque
4. Linking community participation, mobility disabilities, and the COVID-19 pandemic
Kara B. Ayers, Jean P. Hall, and Claire Burdick
5. Influence of the sources used to obtain information on COVID-19 and their impact on mental health
Juan Gómez-Salgado, Juan Jesús García-Iglesias, Regina Allande-Cussó, and Carlos Ruiz-Frutos
Section B: Impact on behavior and psychology
6. The psychological experiences and distress of defined populations in the COVID-19 pandemic: Doctors
Amy Pascoe, Karen Willis, and Natasha Smallwood
7. Impact of COVID-19 on behavior in autism spectrum disorder
Giulia Antolini and Marco Colizzi
8. Prepandemic stressors in mental health responses to the COVID-19 pandemic: Early life adversities and beyond
Xiangfei Meng
9. Compulsive hoarding in the COVID-19 pandemic
Nicole Loren Angelo, Andrea Pozza, Debora Rossi, Ilaria Aicardi, Giulia Chieppa, Isabella Bove, Federica Ragucci, Francesco Iocca, Daniele Pugi, and Donatella Marazziti
10. The psychological experiences and distress in Japan and Sweden during the COVID-19 pandemic
Sayo Hamatani, Anton K€all, Konomi Shoda, and Kazuki Matsumoto
11. The COVID-19 pandemic, mental health, and sleep: Linking depression, anxiety, and perceived
stress
Joana Bücker, Adriane Ribeiro Rosa, and Letícia Sanguinetti Czepielewski
12. The Covid-19 pandemic and the occupational overload of health professionals: Indicators of
burnout
Isabella Lara Machado Silveira, Flávia de Lima Osório, and Sonia Regina Loureiro
13. Neurocognitive sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection: Pathogenesis, risk factors, assessment, and implications
Mohammad Nazmus Sakib
14. Acute neurocognitive disorder as a presenting manifestation of COVID-19
Brad Tyson, Leigh Tyson, Sudeshna Ray, and Pinky Agarwal
15. Mental health and the impact of confinement
Lorabi Souhib, David Sánchez-Teruel, Selma Boufellous, and María Auxiliadora Robles-Bello
16. Cannabis use in the COVID-19 pandemic: Changes in different populations and implications
for policy
Adam Zaweel, Isaac Kuk, Soyeon Kim, Bernard Le Foll, and Christine M. Wickens
17. Impact of COVID-19 on mental health in women: Socioeconomic groups and global aspects
Khushi Kumar, Aashni Udani, and Maushmi S. Kumar
18. Quality of life assessment of patients after COVID-19
Eleni Tsimitrea, Paraskevi Siamouti, Konstntinos I. Gourgoulianis, and Evangelos C. Fradelos
19. COVID-19 pandemic and remote working: Toward a new way of working
Ferdinando Toscano and Teresa Galanti
20. Long COVID and its persistence: A focus on mental health
Michael John Dwyer, Massimo Mirandola, and Elda Righi
21. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on behavioral and psychological features of vulnerable groups: Patients with multiple sclerosis and their quality of life
Kubra Yeni
Section C: Effects on neurological structures and mechanisms
23. Linking pediatric COVID-19 with basal ganglia and dentate nucleus
Shraddha Sunthwal, Sagar Lad, and Preeti Lad
24. Sensory disorders, neuroinflammation, and COVID-19
Pietro De Luca and Arianna Di Stadio
25. The effects of COVID-19 isolations on nonmotor features of Parkinson’s disease
Santangelo Gabriella and Carmine Vitale
26. Myelitis following COVID-19: The road so far
Cristiana Silva and Sónia Batista
27. The corpus callosum: Effects due to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the mRNA vaccine
Luca Procaccini and Antonio Bernardini
28. Assessing the impact of prenatal SARS-CoV-2 exposure on infants’ neurodevelopment: A comprehensive analysis of current evidence
Fernanda Nava and Vania Aldrete-Cortez
29. Electroencephalographic features with COVID-19
Isabel M. Sáez-Landete, Adriana Gómez-Domínguez, Beatriz Estrella-León, and Alba Díaz-Cid
30. Survivors of COVID-19 and clinical neuropsychological domain characteristics
Pamela E. May-Weeks and Vaishali Phatak
31. Neuroinflammation following SARS-CoV-2 infection
Carlos Alexandre Netto and Marimelia A Porcionatto
32. Functional magnetic resonance imaging and depressive symptoms in subjects with COVID-19
Giulia Cattarinussi, Alessandro Miola, and Fabio Sambataro
33. Impact of COVID-19 on the brain: Antibodies against brain stem antigens
Guglielmo Lucchese, Antje Vogelgesang, Angela Stufano, and Agnes Flöel
34. The kynurenine pathway and role in mental health of post-COVID-19 patients
Melike Kucukkarapinar, Filiz Karadag, and Selcuk Candansayar
Section D: Management, support and treatments
35. Management of brain tumors in the COVID-19 pandemic
Rajesh Balakrishnan, Sharief K. Sidhique, Patricia Sebastian, and Selvamani Backianathan
36. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on ischemic stroke management: From hyperacute to chronic phase
Irene Scala, Simone Bellavia, Aldobrando Broccolini, Giovanni Frisullo, Pier Andrea Rizzo, Eleonora Rollo, Giacomo Della Marca, and Valerio Brunetti
37. Long COVID and the potential use of palmitoylethanolamide
Rocco Salvatore Calabro` and Loredana Raciti
38. Cognitive assessments in post-COVID syndrome: A focus on the neuropsychological tests and
protocols
Cristina Delgado-Alonso and Jordi A. Matias-Guiu
39. Supporting individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities during the COVID-19
pandemic
David Ervin, Melody Jan, Emily J. Johnson, Lin Peters, and Carl Tyler
40. Preserving well-being and quality of life through school-based interventions focused on physical
activity during the COVID-19 pandemic
Alice Masini, Francesco Sanmarchi, and Laura Dallolio
41. Hesitancy in using COVID 19 prevention behaviors among African Americans: Strategies to
build confidence
Jennifer Cunningham Erves, Jamaine Davis, Elizabeth C. Stewart, Vanessa B. Crowther, and Whitney George
42. New strategies for psychological well-being at work
Teresa Galanti and Ferdinando Toscano
43. Mitigating mental health changes with virtual reality technology during Covid-19: A narrative
Muhammad Hizri Hatta, Chong Siew Koon, and Suriati Mohamed Saini
44. Music therapy for patients with neurological disorders during COVID-19 pandemic
Claudia Vinciguerra, Salvatore Iacono, Vincenzo Di Stefano, Valerio Nardone, and Antonio Federico
45. Mental health and the modulating effects of receiving the COVID-19 vaccination
Natsu Sasaki and Norito Kawakami
46. Personalized cognitive behavioral therapy on patients with obesity in COVID-19 pandemic
Riccardo Dalle Grave, Anna Dalle Grave, and Simona Calugi
47. Social anxiety disorder and Covid 19: Treatment with cognitive behavioral therapy
Narendra Nath Samantaray and Sapam Kiran Dolly
48. Burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic: Modulating role of mindfulness
Makiko Sampei and Naho Morisaki
Section E: Case studies with mini review
49. Case study: Evaluation of a long Covid assessment service (LCAS)
Colin R. Martin, Scarlett Maloney, Sarah Fowler, Frances Farnworth, Katie Tyrrell, and Abigail Webb
50. Case study: Navigating youth mental health and addictions care in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic
Roula Markoulakis and Anthony Levitt
51. Case study: Restless leg syndrome associated with COVID-19
Cyprian Popescu
Section F: Resources
52. Recommended resources for linking neuroscience and behavior in coronavirus disease
(COVID-19)
Rajkumar Rajendram, Daniel Gyamfi, Vinood B. Patel, and Victor R. Preedy
Management, Body Systems, and Case Studies in COVID-19
Preface
Section A: Introductory chapters and setting the scene
1. Hand hygiene strategies
Trinidad Montero-Vilchez, Clara-Amanda Ureña-Paniego, Alberto Soto-Moreno, Alejandro Molina-Leyva, and Salvador Arias-Santiago
2. Approved vaccines for the COVID-19 pandemic: Linking in future perspectives
Larissa Moraes dos Santos Fonseca, Katharine Valéria Saraiva Hodel, Vinícius Pinto Costa Rocha, Milena Botelho Pereira Soares, and Bruna Aparecida Souza Machado
3. Molecular methods for SARS-CoV-2 variant detection
Marco Fabiani, Katia Margiotti, Francesca Monaco, Alvaro Mesoraca, and Claudio Giorlandino
Section B: Management
4. Systematic patient assessment for acute respiratory tract ailments (SPARTA): A simple tool to improve outcomes from COVID-19
Rajkumar Rajendram, Naveed Mahmood, Mohammad Ayaz Khan, and Hamdan Al-Jahdali
5. Point of care ultrasound for coronavirus disease 2019: The multiorgan approach to COVID-19
Rajkumar Rajendram
6. COVID-19 in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases: Features and guidelines
Carlos Taxonera and Olga Neva López-García
7. Management of COVID-19 and clinical nutrition
Manola Peverini and Giacomo Barberini
8. The management of head and neck cancer in COVID-19
Jesús Herranz-Larrañeta, Pablo Parente-Arias, Carlos Chiesa-Estomba, and
Miguel Mayo-Yáñez
9. The COVID-19 pandemic: Inventory management and allocation of personal protective
equipment
Tazim Merchant and Mark Sheldon
10. Clinical management in the COVID-19 pandemic: Rheumatic disease
Abdulvahap Kahveci and Şebnem Ataman
11. Managing migraines during the COVID-19 pandemic: An Italian experience
Licia Grazzi, Danilo Antonio Montisano, and Paul Rizzoli
12. Managing acute ischemic stroke in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
Adele S. Budiansky, Wesley Rajaleelan, and Tumul Chowdhury
13. Impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on patients with hypertension
Kazuo Kobayashi and Kouichi Tamura
14. Neurosurgical trauma management during COVID-19 restrictions
James Zhou, Michael Zhang, and Harminder Singh
15. The COVID-19 pandemic and management of weight gain: Implications for obesity
Sarah R. Barenbaum and Alpana P. Shukla
16. COVID-19 and the management of heart failure using telemedicine
Maria Margarida Andrade, Diogo Cruz, and Marta Afonso Nogueira
Section C: Guidelines for different treatment clinics
17. Guidelines for breast imaging in the COVID-19 pandemic
Daniele Ugo Tari
18. Vaccine-induced (immune) thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT): Diagnosis, guidelines,
and reporting
Emmanuel J. Favaloro, Leonardo Pasalic, and Giuseppe Lippi
19. Lung cancer in the era of COVID-19
Shehab Mohamed, Monica Casiraghi, Lorenzo Spaggiari, and Luca Bertolaccini
20. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children/pediatric inflammatory multisystem
syndrome: Clinical guidelines
Arthur J. Chang, Ramesh Kordi, and Mark D. Hicar
Section D: Impact on the respiratory system
21. Ground-glass nodules in the lungs of COVID-19 patients
Noel Roig-Marín
22. Cardiothoracic imaging in patients affected by COVID-19
Tommaso D’Angelo, Ludovica R.M. Lanzafame, M. Ludovica Carerj, Antonino Micari, Silvio Mazziotti, and Christian Booz
23. Cystic fibrosis and bronchial epithelial cells in SARS-CoV-2 infection
Anna Lagni, Erica Diani, Davide Gibellini, and Virginia Lotti
24. Biomechanics and mechanobiology of the lung parenchyma following SARS-CoV-2 infection
Béla Suki, András Lorx, and Erzsébet Bartolák-Suki
25. Long noncoding RNA profiling in respiratory specimens from COVID-19 patients
Marta Molinero, Carlos Rodríguez-Muñoz, Silvia Gómez, Ángel Estella, Ferran Barbé, and David de Gonzalo-Calvo
26. COVID-19 and acute pulmonary embolism
Marco Zuin and Gianluca Rigatelli
27. The usefulness of the alveolar-arteriolar gradient during the COVID-19 pandemic
Giuseppe Pipitone, Miriam De Michele, Massimo Sartelli, Francesco Onorato, Claudia Imburgia, Antonio Cascio, and Chiara Iaria
Section E: Effects on cardiovascular and hematological systems
28. Cardiac manifestations of COVID-19: An overview
Naveed Rahman, Mirza H. Ali, Aanchal Sawhney, Apurva Vyas, and Rahul Gupta
29. Limb ischemia and COVID-19
Raffaello Bellosta, Sara Allievi, Luca Attisani, Luca Luzzani, and Matteo Alberto Pegorer
30. Thrombosis and coagulopathy in COVID-19: A new narrative
Alejandro Lazo-Langner and Mateo Porres-Aguilar
31. COVID-19 myocarditis: Features of echocardiography
Antonello D’Andrea, Dario Fabiani, Francesco Sabatella, Carmen Del Giudice, Luigi Cante, Adriano Caputo, Stefano Palermi, Francesco Giallauria, and Vincenzo Russo
32. COVID-19 lockdown and impact on arrhythmias
Valentino Ducceschi and Giovanni Domenico Ciriello
33. Cardiometabolic disease and COVID-19: A new narrative
Mohamad B. Taha, Bharat Narasimhan, Eleonora Avenatti, Aayush Shah, and Wilbert S. Aronow
34. Postrecovery COVID-19 and interlinking diabetes and cardiovascular events
Giuseppe Seghieri
35. COVID-19 patients and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Mario Castano, Pasquale Maiorano, Laura Castillo, Gregorio Laguna, Guillermo Muniz-Albaiceta, Victor Sagredo, Elio Marin-Gutierrez, and Javier Gualis
36. Sars-CoV-2 infection in different hematological patients
Saša Anžej Doma
Section F: Effects on body systems
37. Dermatological reactions associated with personal protective equipment use during
the COVID-19 pandemic
Nicholas Herzer, Fletcher G. Young, Chrystie Nguyen, Aniruddha Singh, and Doug McElroy
38. Hemodialysis patients, effects of infections by SARS-CoV-2 and vaccine response
Diana Rodríguez-Espinosa, Elena Cuadrado-Payán, and José Jesús Broseta
39. Coinfections with COVID-19: A focus on tuberculosis (TB)
Chijioke Obiwe Onyeani, Dimo Chisom Precious, Emmanuel Ebuka Elebesunu, Malachy Ekene Ezema, Samuel Ogunsola, and Ademola Aiyenuro
40. Patients with autoimmune liver disease and the impact of Sars-COV-2 infection
Annarosa Floreani, Sara De Martin, and Nora Cazzagon
41. COVID-19 severity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Nina Vrsaljko, Branimir Gjurašin, and Neven Papić
42. Changes in obesity and diabetes severity during the COVID-19 pandemic at Virginia
Commonwealth University health system
Asmaa M. Namoos, Vanessa Sheppard, NourEldin Abosamak, Martin Lavallee, Rana Ramadan, Estelle Eyob, Chen Wang, and Tamas S. Gal
43. The diabetic patient and concomitant conditions rhinoorbital-cerebral mucormycosis
and COVID-19
Caglar Eker
44. Tissue location of SARS-CoV-2 RNA: A focus on bone and implications for skeletal health
Edoardo Guazzoni, Luigi di Filippo, Alberto Castelli, Andrea Giustina, and Federico Grassi
45. Linking between gastrointestinal tract effects of COVID-19 and tryptophan metabolism
Yoshihiro Yokoyama and Hiroshi Nakase
46. Organ damage in SARS-CoV-2 infection in children: A focus on acute kidney injury
Girish Chandra Bhatt, Yogendra Singh Yadav, and Tanya Sharma
47. Obesity, COVID-19 severity, and mortality
Riecha Joshi, Aarushi Sudan, Akshat Banga, Rahul Kashyap, and Vikas Bansal
48. Upper and lower gastrointestinal symptoms and manifestations of COVID-19
Brittany Woods, Priyal Mehta, Gowthami Sai Kogilathota Jagirdhar, Rahul Kashyap, and Vikas Bansal
49. The COVID-19 survivors: Impact on skeletal muscle strength
Renata Gonçalves Mendes, Alessandro Domingues Heubel, Naiara Tais Leonardi, Stephanie Nogueira Linares, Vanessa Teixeira do Amaral, and Emmanuel Gomes Ciolac
Section G: Case studies with mini review
50. A case report: COVID-19 meningoencephalitis and intracranial hemorrhage
Mohammad Alolama, Anas Rashid, and Debora Garozzo
51. Case study: Oral mucosal lesions in patients with COVID-19
Juliana Amorim dos Santos, Rainier Luiz Carvalho da Silva, and Eliete Neves Silva Guerra
52. Case study: COVID-19 pneumonia presented with cavitary lesions
Bahadır M. Berktaş
53. Case study: Optic neuritis in SARS-CoV-2 infection
Md Moshiur Rahman
Section H: Resources
54. Recommended resources relevant to the body systems involvement
and management of COVID-19
Rajkumar Rajendram, Daniel Gyamfi, Vinood B. Patel, and Victor R. Preedy