Chapter 1. Molecular Mechanisms of Hyperalphalipoproteinemia
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Regulation of Plasma HDL-Cholesterol Levels and Modification of HDL
- 3. Multiple Functions of HDL and Apo A-I
- 4. Functional HDL and Dysfunctional HDL
- 5. Molecular Mechanisms of HALP
- 6. Conclusion
- List of Abbreviations
Chapter 2. CETP Deficiency and Concerns in CETP Inhibitor Development
- 1. Introduction
- 2. New Findings in Function and Regulation of CETP
- 3. Coronary Artery Disease and Age-Associated Macular Degeneration Disease Risk in Association With CETP Gene
- 4. Role of CETP Activity in Adipocyte, Metabolic Syndrome, and Diet Therapy for Weight Reduction
- 5. HDL Function and Antiinflammatory Effects in CETP Deficiency and CETP Inhibitor
- 6. Small and Dense LDL, Lp(a), and Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin 9 Levels in CETP Deficiency and CETP Inhibitors
- 7. Effects on Reverse Cholesterol Transport of CETP Inhibitors
- 8. Off-Target Effects and Vascular Effects of CETP Inhibitors
- 9. New Therapy Inhibiting CETP Activity by Other Than Low Molecular Weight Compounds and Selective TG Transfer Inhibition
- 10. Conclusion
Chapter 3. Degenerated HDL and Its Clinical Implications
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Structural Alterations in HDL Components Caused by Oxidation
- 3. Functional Alterations in HDL by Oxidation
- 4. Conclusion
Chapter 4. HDL Apoprotein Mimetic Peptides as Antiinflammatory Molecules
- 1. Introduction
- 2. ApoA-I and the History of Its Derived Mimetic Peptides
- 3. Antiatherogenic Effects of ApoA-I Mimetic Peptides
- 4. The Form of Peptides Effective for Reduction of Atherosclerosis
- 5. Antiatherogenic Functions of ApoA-I Mimetic Peptides
- 6. Hybrid and ApoE Mimetics
- 7. Additional Apoprotein-Related Mimetic Peptides
- 8. Conclusions
- List of Abbreviations
Chapter 5. Reverse Cholesterol Transport in HDL Metabolism: Relevance to Atherosclerosis Progression and Cardiovascular Diseases
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Relationship Between Macrophage Cholesterol Efflux and Cardiovascular Diseases
- 3. Relationship Between CETP-Mediated CE Transfer From HDL to ApoB-Containing Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Diseases: cetp a Pro- or Antiatherogenic Factor?
- 4. Conclusion
Chapter 6. Role of ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters A1 and G1 in Reverse Cholesterol Transport and Atherosclerosis
- 1. Introduction
- 2. The Role of Reverse Cholesterol Transport in Lipid Metabolism
- 3. Major Pathways for Cellular Cholesterol Efflux
- 4. Mechanisms for Cholesterol Efflux and Generation of Nascent HDL: Role of ABCA1
- 5. Mechanisms for Maturation of HDL Particle and Maintenance of Circulating HDL Levels: Role of ABCA1
- 6. The Role of ABCG1 in Cholesterol Efflux and HDL Metabolism
- 7. Transcriptional Regulation of ABCA1/G1
- 8. Posttranscriptional/Posttranslational Regulation of ABCA1/G1
- 9. The Role of ABCA1/G1 in Reverse Cholesterol Transport and Atherosclerosis in Animal Models
- 10. The Role of ABCA1/G1 in Atherosclerosis in Humans
- 11. Therapeutic Strategies Against Atherosclerosis Involving RCT Modification
- 12. Conclusion
- List of Abbreviations
Chapter 7. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate and HDL Metabolism
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Biosynthesis and Regulation of S1P
- 3. Export of S1P
- 4. S1P and Its Receptors
- 5. Plasma S1P
- 6. S1P and ApoM
- 7. S1P and Metabolic Diseases
- 8. Conclusion
Chapter 8. Role of SR-BI in HDL Metabolism
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Role of SR-BI in Reverse Cholesterol Transfer
- 3. SR-BI—A Bidirectional Cholesterol Transporter
- 4. Role of SR-BI in HDL Uptake and Transcytosis
- 5. SR-BI Mediates Selective Cholesteryl Ester Uptake
- 6. Conclusions
Chapter 9. Paraoxonase 1 and Its Clinical Relevance
- 1. Introduction: The HDL Cholesterol Gordian Knot: Paraoxonase 1 to the Rescue?
- 2. PON1 Is a Key Antioxidant in HDL
- 3. PON1 Polymorphisms Have Little Impact on CVD, Whereas PON1 Activity Is a Predictor
- 4. PON1 Activity Is Lower in Diseases Associated With CVD
- 5. PON1 Interaction With Myeloperoxidase: A New Link Between Inflammation and Atherosclerosis?
- 6. Beyond Total PON1 Activity: PON1 in HDL Subclasses
- 7. CETP Inhibitors Prevent PON1 Activation During HDL Maturation: A Likely Explanation for Their Failure?
- 8. PON1 in ApoB-Containing Lipoproteins: A Role for PON1 in Small-Dense LDL?
- 9. Conclusion and Perspectives: PON1 in Clinical Practice?
- List of Abbreviations
Chapter 10. MicroRNA Regulation of HDL Homeostasis
- 1. Introduction
- 2. MiRNAs
- 3. MiRNAs and HDL Metabolism
- 4. MiRNAs as Potential Therapeutics
- 5. Future Challenges and Opportunities
- 6. Conclusion
Chapter 11. The Application of Proteomic Techniques in the Study of HDL Particle Characterization and Biomarker Discovery
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Proteomic Approaches to the Study of HDL
- 3. Gel-Based and Gel-Free Proteomics
- 3.1. Quantitative Proteomics
- 4. HDL Composition and Its Relation to Diseases
- 5. Conclusion
Chapter 12. Therapies Targeting HDLc Levels and HDL Function
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Small Molecule Pharmaceuticals
- 3. ApoA-I Small Mimetic Peptides
- 4. HDL Infusion Therapies
- 5. Future Directions in HDL-raising Therapy
- 6. Conclusions