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The Fullerenes

1st Edition - April 1, 1993

Authors: H.W. Kroto, J.E. Fischer, Deann Cox

eBook ISBN:

9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 9 8 4 7 2 - 8

Until recently, the element carbon was believed to exhibit only two main allotropic forms, diamond and graphite. Research in the US and Europe has now confirmed the existence of a… Read more

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Until recently, the element carbon was believed to exhibit only two main allotropic forms, diamond and graphite. Research in the US and Europe has now confirmed the existence of a third previously unknown form - buckminsterfullerene (C60) and its relatives, the fullerenes (C24, C28, C32, C70 etc).

The story of fullerene chemistry, physics and materials science began in 1985, almost twenty years after the existence of a spherical carbon cluster was first considered. In September 1985 a joint Sussex/Rice Universities team including Kroto, Heath, O'Brien, Curl and Smalley used a powerful mass spectrometric technique to identify the C+60 species, and proposed a spherical structure and the name buckminsterfullerene. It was not, however, until Krätschmer and Huffman reported the isolation of crystals of C60 in 1990 that the closed cage structure of C60 could be confirmed.

The Fullerenes documents the work leading up to 1990 and more recent developments in the field of fullerene research and will serve as an indispensible reference tool for all workers in this area.

Part One: The Fullerenes. Introduction (H.W. Kroto). Fullerites: new forms of crystalline carbon (W. Krätschmer, D.R. Huffman). Pre-1990 evidence for the fullerene proposal (R.F. Curl). Molecular beam studies of fullerenes (E.E.B. Campbell, I.V. Hertel). Fullerenes and giant fullerenes: synthesis, separation, and mass spectrometric characterization (D.H. Parker et al). Fullerenes synthesis in combustion (J.B. Howard et al). Chemical reactivity and functionalization of C60 and C70 fullerenes (G.A. Olah et al). Some well characterized chemical reactivities of buckminsterfullerene (C60) (P.J. Fagan et al). Electronic, magnetic, and structural properties of amorphous carbons and the discovery of the fullerenes (L.J. Dunne et al). Isomerisations of the fullerenes (P.W. Fowler et al). The geometry of hypothetical curved graphite structures (H. Terrones, A.L. Mackay). Superconducting and normal state properties of A3C60 compounds (K. Holczer, R.L. Whetten). Fullerenes and fullerides in the solid state: neutron scattering studies (K. Prassides et al). Part Two: Physics and Chemistry of Fullerene-Based Solids. Introduction (J.E. Fischer, D.E. Cox). Synthesis and characterization of alkali metal fullerides: AxC60 (D.W. Murphy et al). Structure, dynamics and ordering transition of solid C60 (P.A. Heiney). Neutron scattering studies of C60 and its compounds (J.R.D. Copley et al). Structures of C60 intercalation compounds (O. Zhou, D.E. Cox). Optical phonon modes in solid and doped C60 (P.C. Eklund et al). Electron energy loss spectroscopy of C60 fullerite films (A.A. Lucas). High resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy of epitaxial films of C60 grown on GaSe (G. Gensterblum et al). Electronic structures of C60, C70 and the fullerides: photoemission and inverse photoemission studies (J.H. Weaver). Buckminsterfullerene C60 and organic ferromagnetism (F. Wudl, J.D. Thompson). Electronic structures of C60 fullerides and related materials (A. Oshiyama et al). Superconductivity in alkali intercalated C60 (M. Schlüter et al). Subject index. Author index.