The Effects of Noise on Man

PrefaceAcknowledgmentsPart I Auditory System Responses to Noise Introduction Chapter 1 Analysis of Sound by the Ear Definitions of Sound Pressure-Temporal Spectral Response Characteristics of the Ear to Sound Methods for Measuring Sounds in Order to Predict Their Effects on Hearing Chapter 2 Masking and Speech Communication in Noise Introduction Masking of Pure Tones and Bands of Random Noise Effects of Noise on Speech Communications Combating the Interference with Speech by Noise Estimating Speech Intelligibility Using Physical Measurement of Speech and Noise Criteria of Acceptable Noise Levels for Speech Communications Relations between AI and SIL Recent Studies of Masking of Real-Life Noises An Evaluation of AI and Other Units with Representative Noises Devices for Evaluating Speech Systems Chapter 3 The Aural Reflex Introduction Masking, Loudness, and Auditory Fatigue Chapter 4 Audiometry Introduction Audiometric Zero ASA 1951 Standard Presbycusis and Sociocusis Relation between Pure-Tone Thresholds and Speech Perception Impairment of Speech Reception and Relation to Pure-Tone Hearing Levels Proposed New Method for Estimating Percent Hearing Impairment for Speech Chapter 5 Damage Risk from Exposure to Noise Introduction Temporary and Permanent Threshold Shift for Purposes of Evaluating Noise Some Relations between TTS Data and Specific Industrial Studies of NIPTS Workmen's Compensation for NIPTS Safety and Health Standards Broadband versus Narrowband Noise and Pure Tones Susceptibility to NIPTS and TTS Damage Risk Contours Impulsive Noise TTS and NIPTS for Impulses Music Pulsed Tones Chapter 6 Proposed Procedures for Estimating Damage Risk to Hearing Introduction TTS and NIPTS as a Function of Change in SPL TTS and NIPTS as a Function of Exposure Duration Recovery from TTS Proposed DR Contours EDRL and CDR from dB(A), dB(D), PNdB, Phons Simplified Procedures for Estimating EDRL and CDR of Nonimpulsive Noise Relation between EDRL, CDR, HL and Impairment for Speech Theoretical Model Validity of Proposed DRCs, EDRL, and CDR Comparison of Schemes for Predicting NIPTS from TTS DataPart II Subjective Responses to Noise Introduction Chapter 7 Loudness The Dependence of Loudness of Frequency Dependence of Loudness on Intensity (Growth of Loudness) Changes in Loudness with Time Loudness Predicted by Sound-Level Meters Impulse Noise Interrupted Noise Chapter 8 Perceived Noisiness (Annoyance) Introduction Perceived Noisiness Historical Resume Judged Perceived Noisiness and Perceived Noise Level Methods of Predicting Perceived Noise Level from Physical Measures and Calculations Effect of Differences in Sources, Subjects, and Test Conditions Reliability of Subjective Judgments Relative Accuracy of Physical Units for Predicting Judged Perceived Noisiness Chapter 9 Environmental Noise and its Evaluation Introduction Office and Room Noise Noise Surveys in the Community Motor Vehicle Noise Noise from Subsonic Aircraft Community Reactions to Noise from Subsonic Aircraft Booms from Supersonic Aircraft Edwards Air Force Base Study Regulatory Codes for Community Noise Composite Noise Rating (CRN)-a Method for Rating, Evaluating, and Predicting Effects of Environment Noise Tolerable Limits of Noise Exposure Chapter 10 Summary of Methods of Predicting Certain Responses to Noise Introduction Summary of Methods of Calculating Units of Noise Related to Quantities of Human Response Comparison of Secondary and Primary Physical Units Constants for Converting Units of PNL to a Common Base Recommended Units of Sound Measurement Chapter 11 Proposed Procedures for the Evaluation of Environmental Noises Introduction Definitions of Terms Calculation Procedures for Perceived Noise Level (PNL) and Effective Perceived Noise Level (EPNL) Calculation Procedures for Composite Noise Rating (CNR)Part III Nonauditory System Responses to Noise Introduction Biological Considerations Health Adaptation Performance Habitual Noise Chapter 12 General Physiological Responses to Noise Somatic Responses Stress and Health Sleep Audioanalgesia Effects on Other Senses Chapter 13 Effects of Noise on Mental and Motor Performance Introduction Problems in the Interpretation of Research Findings Theories of Effects of Noise on Work Performance Productivity in Industry Physiological and Psychological Factors TheoryPart IV A SummaryReferences