The Biology and Agronomy of Stylosanthes
- 1st Edition - December 2, 2012
- Editor: Helen Stace
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 4 1 2 4 7 7 - 6
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 1 4 3 9 2 - 9
The Biology and Agronomy of Stylosanthes covers the proceedings of the 1982 International Symposium on The Biology and Agronomy of Stylosanthes, held in Townsville, Queensland,… Read more
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Request a sales quoteThe Biology and Agronomy of Stylosanthes covers the proceedings of the 1982 International Symposium on The Biology and Agronomy of Stylosanthes, held in Townsville, Queensland, Australia. The symposium aims to present the developments in the research of the economically important genus, Stylosanthes. Comprised of three parts encompassing 31 chapters, the book discusses Stylosanthes taxonomy, genetic resources, plant-environment interaction, and agronomy. The opening part discusses the taxonomic problems, evolution, and cytogenetic studies of Stylosanthes species. This part also considers the natural variation and distribution, Brazilian species, and existing collection of the genus. The second part of the book presents available data on the occurrence of water shortage in plant tissue and how plants react to it. This part also deals with other environmental constraints to growth and survival, the mineral nutrition, reproductive physiology, and diseases and pest problems of Stylosanthes. A discussion on the influence of mycorrhiza and rhizobium in the genus is also included. The concluding part examines the effect of seed biology on initial pasture establishment and the population dynamics of established pastures. Considerable chapters in this part are devoted to the agronomical aspects of the genus, including nitrogen inputs; chemical composition and nutritive value; and animal and seed production. The book further presents data on global ventures in Stylosanthes, including agricultural projects, research and development, breeding programs, and productivity programs in various regions. This book is an ideal source of information for biologists, agronomists, scientists, and researchers.
List of Contributors
Preface
Acknowledgments
Taxonomy and Genetic Resources
1 Considerations on the Taxonomy of the Genus Stylosanthes
I. History of the Genus Stylosanthes
II. Diagnostic Morphology of Stylosanthes
III. Considerations for a Revision of the Genus
IV. The Significance of Stylosanthes Taxonomy to Pasture Plant Improvement
V. Key to Species
References
2 Some Brazilian Species of Stylosanthes
I. Description of the Species
II. Conclusions
References
3 Cytogenetics and the Evolution of Stylosanthes
I. Cytoevolution in Stylosanthes
II. Cytoevolution at the Diploid Level
III. Cytoevolution at the Polyploid Level
IV. Phytogeography of Stylosanthes Evolution
V. Conclusions
References
4 Natural Distribution of Stylosanthes
I. Taxonomic Effects
II. Geographical Distribution
III. Environmental Adaptation
IV. Taxonomic Implications
V. Patterns of Evolution
References
Appendix I
5 Natural Variation in Stylosanthes
I. Variation between Species
II. Variation within Species
III. Conclusions
References
6 The Existing Stylosanthes Collections
I. History and Overview
II. Location of Collections and their Specificity
III. Management of Collections
IV. Priorities for Future Collections
V. Conclusion
References
7 Genetic Systems in Stylosanthes
I. Mating System
II. Population Size
III. Natural Selection of Genotypes
IV. Cytogenetic Structure
V. Conclusion
References
Plant-Environment Interaction
8 Adaptation to Water Deficits in Stylosanthes
I. Terminology and the Occurrence of Water Shortage in Plant Tissues
II. Reaction of Plants to Water Shortage
III. Range of Plant Responses
IV. Field Responses of Stylosanthes to Water Shortage
V. Definition of Ideotypes
VI. Conclusions
References
9 Environmental Constraints to Growth and Survival of Stylosanthes
I. Environmental Constraints to Growth
II. Environmental Effects on Utilization of Stylosanthes Pasture
III. Environmental Constraints to Survival of Stylosanthes
IV. Conclusions
References
10 The Mineral Nutrition of Stylosanthes
I. The Nutritional Needs of Plants
II. Using Soil Criteria for Predicting Nutritional Status
III. Effects of Mycorrhizal Associations
IV. Utilization of Sparingly Soluble Phosphate
V. Comparative Nutrient Requirements of Stylosanthes Species
VI. Nutrient Concentrations in Plants
VII. Conclusions
References
11 Mycorrhizas and Stylosanthes
I. Nutritional Limitations to the Growth of Stylosanthes
II. The Occurrence of Mycorrhizas in Field Soils
III. Variability in the Effectiveness of Mycorrhizas in Controlled Environment Studies
IV. The Effectiveness and Survival of Introduced Mycorrhizas in Field Soils
V. Factors Governing Mycorrhizal Activities in Field Soils
VI. Mycorrhizas and the Tolerance of Stylosanthes to Stress
VII. Mycorrhizas and the Genetic Potential of Stylosanthes
VIII. Conclusions
References
12 Rhizobium for Stylosanthes
I. Effectiveness Responses of Stylosanthes to Strains of Rhizobium
II. Some Relationships between Observed Effectiveness Response Groups and Origin of Accessions
III. Prediction of Likely Rhizobium Requirements
IV. Need for Inoculation of Stylosanthes in Australia
V. Collection, Isolation and Growth Requirements of Rhizobium for Stylosanthes
VI. Effect of Root Temperature on Nodulation and Nitrogen Fixation
References
13 Reproductive Physiology of Stylosanthes
I. Juvenility
II. Flowering Morphology
III. Photoperiod Response
IV. Marginal Induction
V. Temperature Interactions
VI. Moisture
VII. Flower Development
VIII. Blooming
IX. Seed Yield Components
X. Conclusion
References
14 Disease and Pest Problems of Stylosanthes
I. Diseases of Stylosanthes
II. Pests of Stylosanthes
III. Control of Diseases and Pests of Stylosanthes
References
15 Responses of Stylosanthes to Anthracnose
I. The Anthracnose Diseases of Stylosanthes spp. and their Etiology
II. Life Cycles
III. Influence of Environment on Disease Development
IV. Methods of Screening for Resistance
V. Genetics of the Host-Parasite Interaction
VI. Future Research Priorities
References
Stylosanthes in Agriculture
16 Seed Biology of Stylosanthes
I. Morphological Characteristics
II. Dormancy
III. Germination
IV. Seedling Establishment
V. Seed Predation
VI. Pasture Establishment
VII. Pasture Stability
VIII. Conclusions
References
17 The Dynamics of Stylosanthes Pastures
I. Demographic Characteristics of Stylosanthes
II. Effects of Grazing
III. Effects of Soil Fertility
IV. Effect of Sown Perennial Grasses
V. Conclusions
References
18 Nitrogen Inputs into Agricultural Systems by Stylosanthes
I. How Much N is Fixed?
II. Distribution of N in the Plant
III. Recycling of Legume N
IV. Soil N Content
V. Availability of N
VI. Conclusions
References
19 The Chemical Composition and Nutritive Value of Stylosanthes
I. Factors Influencing Plant Chemical Composition
II. Digestibility and Intake
III. Diet Selection
IV. Deleterious Factors
V. Conclusions
References
20 Animal Production from Stylosanthes Based Pastures in Australia
I. Pasture Composition and Ecology
II. Animal Production
III. Conclusions
References
21 Seed Production of Stylosanthes Cultivars in Australia
I. History
II. Choice of Locality for Seed Production
III. Crop Husbandry
IV. Harvesting
V. Seed Processing
VI. Seed Yields
VII. Marketing
VIII. Future Seed Production
References
22 Global Ventures in Stylosanthes I. South America
I. Use in Agriculture
II. Adaptation to Climate
III. Adaptation to Soil Conditions
IV. Agronomic Evaluation
V. Animal Production
VI. Potential and Limitations
VII. Research Problems
References
23 Global Ventures in Stylosanthes II. U.S.A. and Caribbean
I. Native Species
II. Adaptation to Climate
III. Adaptation to Soil Conditions
IV. Productivity
V. Chemical Composition and I.V.O.M.D.
VI. Anthracnose
References
24 Global Ventures in Stylosanthes III. South-East Africa
I. Establishment
II. Fertilizer Responses
III. Species Comparisons
IV. Pests and Diseases
V. Management Trials
VI. Grazing Trials
VII. Seed Production
VIII. Commercial Use
IX. Conclusions
References
25 Global Ventures in Stylosanthes IV. West Africa
I. Social and Economic Environment
II. Native Species
III. Agronomy of Stylosanthes
IV. Utilization and Animal Production
V. Research Problems
References
26 Global Ventures in Stylosanthes V. South-East Asia
I. Stylosanthes in Grassland
II. Stylosanthes in Cropping Systems
III. Conclusions
References
27 Global Ventures in Stylosanthes VI. India
I. Research Projects
II. Development Projects
III. Conclusions
References
28 Agronomic Variation and Potential Utilization of Stylosanthes
I. Species and Characteristics of Agronomic Importance
II. Results of Agronomic Experiments
III. Potential Utilization
IV. Conclusions
References
29 Prospects for Stylosanthes Improvement and Utilization
I. Adaptation
II. Persistence
III. Production
IV. Utilization
V. Conclusions
References
30 Plant Breeding in Stylosanthes
I. Breeding Objectives
II. Breeding Methods
III. Selection Methods
IV. Constraints
V. Progress in Stylosanthes Breeding Programs
References
31 Future Research and International Cooperation
List of Acronyms
Index
- No. of pages: 654
- Language: English
- Edition: 1
- Published: December 2, 2012
- Imprint: Academic Press
- Paperback ISBN: 9780124124776
- eBook ISBN: 9780323143929
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