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The Art of 2D Transesophageal Echocardiography
2D Transesophageal Atlas with Anatomical and Surgical Correlation
- 1st Edition - January 12, 2024
- Authors: Osama A. Khalil, Ashraf A. Khalil
- Language: English
- Hardback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 8 7 9 8 - 8
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 8 7 9 9 - 5
The Art of 2D Transesophageal Echocardiography provides in a practical and systematic way an overview of basic concepts and state of-the-art techniques in transesophageal echocardi… Read more
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Request a sales quoteThe Art of 2D Transesophageal Echocardiography provides in a practical and systematic way an overview of basic concepts and state of-the-art techniques in transesophageal echocardiography. It summarizes established application, provides hundreds of real-time videos of various cardiac diseases that expand the knowledge of every cardiologist, intensivist, and cardiovascular physicians in their daily practice of transesophageal echocardiography.
- Illustrates the standard and the alternative 2D transesophageal echocardiography views used to perform an optimal and comprehensive echocardiographic examination
- Illustrates echocardiographic evaluation of the native and prosthetic valves of the heart
- Covers the left atrial appendages morphology, function, and detection of left atrial thrombi
- Covers the diagnostic value of 2D transesophageal echocardiography of the aortic disease such as aortic atheroma, aneurysm, and aortic dissection
- Covers echocardiographic examination of adult congenital heart diseases and cardiac masses
- Covers the application of 2D transesophageal echocardiography during cardiac interventional procedures in structural heart diseases
- Related real cases study are included and discussed following each chapter
- The digital format contains hundreds of real-time videos and captures echo images as a guide for practicing clinicians
Cardiologists, intensivists, cardiac electrophysiologists, cardiac surgeons, echocardiographers, and cardiac anesthesiologist, Cardiovascular physicians and residents, students preparing for board exams, and attending physicians
- Cover image
- Title page
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- Dedication
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction
- A picture is worth a thousand words
- Chapter 1. Pre-TEE Essentials
- Introduction and historical background of transesophageal echocardiography
- Indications of transesophageal echocardiography
- Safety of transesophageal echocardiography
- Contraindications to transesophageal echocardiography
- Patient assessment for transesophageal echocardiographic examination
- Sedation during transesophageal echocardiographic examination
- Topical anesthesia
- Sedative medications
- Intravenous reversal agents
- Patient assessment before discharge
- Supplementary materials
- Chapter 2. Standard 2D Transesophageal Views
- Comprehensive transesophageal echocardiographic examination
- Terminology used to describe manipulation of the probe
- Standard TEE views—Part I (1) Mid esophageal four-chamber view
- (2) Mid esophageal two-chamber view
- (3) Mid esophageal commissural view
- (4) Mid esophageal aortic valve long axis view
- (5) Mid esophageal ascending aorta long axis view
- (6) Mid esophageal aortic valve short axis view
- (7) Mid esophageal RV inflow outflow view
- (8) Mid esophageal bicaval view
- (9) Mid esophageal descending aorta short axis view
- (10) Mid esophageal descending aorta long axis view
- (11) Mid esophageal ascending aorta short axis view
- (12) Upper esophageal aortic arch long axis view
- (13) Upper esophageal aortic arch short axis view
- Standard TEE views—Part II (Transgastric views)
- Chapter 3. Alternative Views
- Transesophageal echocardiography, alternative views
- (1) Mid esophageal five-chamber view
- (2) Left atrial appendage view
- (3) Mid esophageal tricuspid valve view
- (4) Left pulmonary veins views
- (5) Right pulmonary veins views
- Left upper pulmonary vein
- Pulmonary veins view
- (6) Coronary arteries view
- Coronary arteries view (continued)
- Coronary arteries view (continued)
- (7) Right coronary artery view
- (8) Coronary sinus view
- (9) Hepatic vein view
- (10) Transgastric tricuspid valve short axis view
- (11) Mid esophageal pulmonary artery view
- (12) Transgastric pulmonic valve view
- (13) Transgastric superior and inferior vena cava view
- (14) Arch left common carotid artery (LCCA) view
- Supplementary materials
- Chapter 4. Mitral Stenosis
- Anatomy of mitral valve
- Mitral leaflets
- Mitral annulus
- Chordae tendineae
- Transesophageal echocardiographic imaging of the mitral valve
- Transesophageal echocardiographic imaging of the mitral valve
- Mitral stenosis, an overview
- Transesophageal echocardiography of mitral stenosis
- Mitral stenosis, other valve affection
- Complications of mitral stenosis
- Supplementary materials
- Chapter 5. Mitral Regurgitation
- Mitral regurgitation, an overview
- Etiology of mitral regurgitation
- Pathophysiology of mitral regurgitation:
- Mechanism of mitral regurgitation
- Mitral valve prolapse
- Echocardiographic diagnosis of mitral regurgitation
- Transesophageal echocardiographic imaging of posterior mitral leaflet prolapse
- Transesophageal echocardiographic imaging of anterior mitral leaflet prolapse
- Transesophageal echocardiographic imaging of bileaflet mitral prolapse
- Mitral valve prolapse (Barlow's disease)
- Transesophageal echocardiographic imaging of mitral valve billowing
- Transesophageal echocardiographic imaging of flail mitral leaflet
- Primary mitral regurgitation, infective endocarditis
- Primary mitral regurgitation, rheumatic mitral regurgitation
- Secondary mitral regurgitation
- Secondary mitral regurgitation (continued)
- Assessment of the severity of mitral regurgitation
- 1) Jet area to the left atrial size
- 2) Vena contracta
- 3) Proximal isovelocity surface area
- 4) Doppler assessment of the severity of mitral regurgitation
- Case study
- Vital signs
- Physical examination
- Question I
- Question II
- Question III
- Question IV
- Question V
- Question VI
- Answers and discussion
- Supplementary materials
- Chapter 6. Aortic Stenosis
- Anatomy of aortic valve
- Transesophageal echocardiographic imaging of normal aortic valve
- Aortic stenosis, an overview
- Echocardiography of valvular aortic stenosis
- Transesophageal echocardiographic imaging of senile degenerative aortic stenosis
- Transesophageal echocardiographic imaging of rheumatic aortic stenosis
- Bicuspid aortic valve
- Echocardiographic assessment of the severity of aortic stenosis
- Echocardiographic assessment of the severity of aortic stenosis (continued)
- Echocardiographic assessment of the severity of aortic stenosis (continued)
- Echocardiographic assessment of the severity of aortic stenosis (continued)
- Aortic stenosis associated with of other valve lesions
- Supplementary materials
- Chapter 7. Aortic Regurgitation
- Aortic regurgitation, an overview
- Age
- Gender
- Developed countries
- Pathophysiology of aortic regurgitation
- Causes of aortic regurgitation
- Echocardiographic evaluation of aortic regurgitation
- Echocardiographic evaluation of severity of aortic regurgitation(1) Color flow mapping
- (2) Vena contracta measurement
- (3) Pressure halftime method (PHT)
- (4) Diastolic flow reversal in the arch and descending aorta
- Transesophageal echo in aortic regurgitation—sclerodegenerative aortic valve
- Transesophageal echo in aortic regurgitation—bicuspid aortic valve
- Transesophageal echo in aortic regurgitation—rheumatic aortic regurgitation
- Aortic regurgitation—infective endocarditis
- Aortic regurgitation—subaortic membrane
- Aortic regurgitation—ventricular septal defect
- Aortic regurgitation—aortic aneurysm
- Aortic regurgitation—aortic dissection
- Aortic regurgitation—autoimmune disease
- Case study
- Case study questions
- Answer and discussion
- Supplementary materials
- Chapter 8. Prosthetic Cardiac Valves
- Prosthetic cardiac valves
- Types of prosthetic heart valve
- Mechanical prostheses
- Bioprosthetic valves
- Pattern of flow in prosthetic valves
- Imaging of prosthetic valves
- Transesophageal echocardiographic imaging of normal bioprosthetic mitral valve
- Transesophageal echocardiographic imaging of normal bioprosthetic aortic valve
- Transesophageal echocardiograhic imaging of normal bioprosthetic tricuspid valve
- Transesophageal echocardiographic imaging of normal bileaflet mechanical mitral valve
- Transesophageal echocardiographic imaging of normal bileaflet mechanical aortic valve
- Transesophageal echocardiographic imaging of normal mitral annuloplasty ring
- Transesophageal echocardiographic imaging of normal tricuspid annuloplasty ring
- Complications of prosthetic cardiac valves
- (1) Prosthetic valve obstruction
- Transesophageal echocardiographic imaging of prosthetic valve obstruction
- Transesophageal echocardiographic imaging of stuck bileaflet mechanical aortic valve
- (2) Paravalvular leak
- Transesophageal echocardiography imaging of prosthetic paravalvular regurgitation
- Transesophageal echocardiographic imaging of structural valve deterioration (continued)
- (4) Prosthetic valve endocarditis
- Transesophageal echocardiographic imaging of prosthetic valve endocarditis
- (5) Prosthesis-patient mismatch
- Transesophageal echocardiographic imaging of prosthesis-patient mismatch
- Annuloplasty mitral ring regurgitation
- Annuloplasty tricuspid ring regurgitation
- Case (I) study
- Laboratory findings on admission
- Transthoracic echocardiography
- Question I
- Question II
- Question III
- Question IV
- Question V
- Case-I Answers and discussion:
- Case (II) study
- Laboratory findings on admission
- Transthoracic echocardiography
- Question I
- Question II
- Question III
- Case-II answers and discussion
- Supplementary materials
- Chapter 9. Left Atrial Appendage
- Anatomy of the left atrial appendage
- Morphology of the left atrial appendage
- Physiology of left atrial appendage
- Transesophageal echocardiographic assessment of LAA
- Left atrial appendage spontaneous echo contrast
- Left atrial appendage thrombus
- Study of flow pattern of left atrial appendage
- Left atrial appendage closure device
- Supplementary materials
- Chapter 10. Diseases of the Aorta
- Anatomy of the thoracic aorta
- Measurement of thoracic aorta
- Transesophageal echocardiographic imaging of thoracic aorta
- Aortic diseases
- Aortic atheroma
- Transesophageal echocardiographic imaging of aortic atheroma
- Aortic aneurysm
- Aortic aneurysm (integrated approach)
- Transesophageal echocardiographic imaging of aortic aneurysm
- Aortic dissection
- Transesophageal echocardiographic imaging of aortic dissection
- Intramural hematoma
- Case study
- Question I
- Question II
- Question III
- Question IV
- Answers and discussion
- Answer question IV
- Supplementary materials
- Chapter 11. Adult Congenital Heart Disease
- Atrial septal defect (ASD)
- (1). Ostium secundum atrial septal defect
- (2). Patent foramen ovale
- Patent foramen ovale (continued)
- (3). Ostium primum atrial septal defect
- (4). Sinus venosus atrial septal defect
- (5). Atrial septal aneurysm
- Transesophageal echocardiographic imaging of atrial septal aneurysm
- (6). Ventricular septal defect
- (7). Bicuspid aortic valve
- Transesophageal echocardiographic imaging of bicuspid aortic valve
- (8). Subaortic stenosis
- Transesophageal echocardiographic imaging of subaortic stenosis
- (9). Dilated coronary sinus
- Transesophageal echocardiographic imaging of dilated coronary sinus
- (10). Persistent left superior vena cava
- Case study
- Answers and discussion
- Supplementary materials
- Chapter 12. Intracardiac Masses and Thrombi
- Part I: Common anatomical variants which may be misinterpreted as pathological
- Part II: Intracardiac thrombi and valve vegetation
- Part III: Intracardiac tumors
- Chapter 13. TEE in Cardiac Interventions
- 2D TEE During Interventional Procedures
- Balloon mitral valvuloplasty (BMV)
- Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR)
- Left atrial appendage device closure
- Index
- No. of pages: 537
- Language: English
- Edition: 1
- Published: January 12, 2024
- Imprint: Academic Press
- Hardback ISBN: 9780443187988
- eBook ISBN: 9780443187995
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Osama A. Khalil
Dr. Osama Khalil, MD, FASE, is a Consultant Cardiologist and Fellow of the American Society of Echocardiography at Prince Sultan Cardiac Center, Saudi Arabia, with more than 25 years of practicing cardiology and cardiovascular medicine. His main area of interest is 2D and 3D transesophageal echocardiography and its application in interventional structural heart diseases.
Affiliations and expertise
Consultant Cardiologist, Prince Sultan Cardiac Center, Saudi ArabiaAK
Ashraf A. Khalil
Dr. Ashraf Khalil, MD, PhD, an esteemed authority in Medicine and Chemical Pathology, leverages his extensive expertise gained through a doctorate at the Medical College of Virginia, VCU in Richmond, USA, a fellowship in Tumor Biology at the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, USA, and his current position as the Director of Medical Research at the National Liver Institute in MNFU, Egypt.
Affiliations and expertise
Professor, Menouffia University, Egypt