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Sustainable Shale Oil and Gas
Analytical Chemistry, Geochemistry, and Biochemistry Methods
1st Edition - September 27, 2016
Authors: Vikram Rao, Rob Knight
Paperback ISBN:9780128103890
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 0 3 8 9 - 0
eBook ISBN:9780128103906
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 0 3 9 0 - 6
Shale oil and gas have altered the energy landscape, possibly permanently. They burst upon the fossil energy scene with a suddenness that initially defied prediction. Even the… Read more
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Shale oil and gas have altered the energy landscape, possibly permanently. They burst upon the fossil energy scene with a suddenness that initially defied prediction. Even the political balance of the world has changed. But, with the methods employed, the vast majority of the oil and gas remains in the ground. At the same time, serious environmental impact issues have been raised. A new volume in the Emerging Issues in Analytical Chemistry series, Sustainable Shale Oil and Gas: Analytical Chemistry, Geochemistry, and Biochemistry Methods was written on the premise that analytical methods to inform these areas were wanting. While not attempting to be comprehensive, it describes important analytical methods, some still in development. These methods are underpinned primarily by chemistry, but geochemistry and even biochemistry play significant roles. The book has a solutions flavor; problems are posed together with approaches to ameliorate them.
Provides a clear understanding of the potential environmental issues as well as a path to solutions
Includes background information for understanding potential impacts of shale operations from both an environmental and public health perspective
Authored by leaders from diverse disciplines with expertise in a variety of areas: groundwater quality, petroleum-related operations, microbial ecology, and electronic technologies
Reviews new sensing and evaluation methods that could be key enablers to sustainable fracking: portable mass spectrometry, microbiome analysis, DNA as tracers, and a microparticulate matter detector
Technology leaders, technical leaders in environmental compliance groups, and research personnel in oil and gas companies; epidemiologists in the lung and heart space; public health professionals; technical aides to legislators; all with a knowledge of college level inorganic chemistry and preferably organic chemistry. Could be used in advanced undergraduate and low level graduate courses in environmental sciences
Chapter 1. Background
Abstract
Oil
Natural Gas
Environmental Considerations
Part I: Air Emissions
Part I. Air Emissions
Chapter 2. Fugitive Methane and Emissions From Flaring
Abstract
Sources of Methane Leakage
Producing Wells
Transmission Lines
Beyond the City Gate
Methane Hydrates and Their Role in Global Warming
Flared Gas
Quantifying Fugitive Methane
Climate Change Impact of Natural Gas Substitution of Fuels
References
Chapter 3. Detection of Methane and Amelioration
Abstract
ARPA-E and EDF Programs for Detection
Green Completions
Alternatives to Flaring Gas
Syngas Production Using a Diesel Engine
References
Chapter 4. Particulate Matter and Volatile Organic Chemicals
Abstract
Particulate Matter
Small Low-Cost Particulate Matter Measuring Devices
Volatile Organic Compounds
Portable High-Performance Mass Spectrometer
References
Part II: The Potential for Contaminating Ground Water
Part II. The Potential for Contaminating Ground Water
Chapter 5. Methane in Groundwater
Abstract
Potential for Gas Migration
Distinguishing Between Sources of Methane
Investigations of Methane Migration to Aquifers
References
Chapter 6. Potential for Liquid Contamination of Groundwater
Abstract
Flowback Water
Disposition of Flowback and Produced Water
Investigations of Groundwater Contamination
Possible Contamination from Handling and Storage
Conclusions
References
Part III: Improving Economics of Recovery
Part III. Improving Economics of Recovery
Chapter 7. Illuminating the Reservoir
Abstract
Formation Evaluation of Conventional Reservoirs
Formation Evaluation of Unconventional Reservoirs
References
Chapter 8. Improving Net Recovery of Fluids
Abstract
Natural Fractures
Heterogeneity in Horizontal Wellbores
Understanding and Harnessing Heterogeneity
Methods to Improve Recovery
Conclusion
References
Chapter 9. Subsurface DNA Sequencing: A New Tool for Reservoir Characterization
Abstract
Microbes in Rocks and Elsewhere
Microbes as Forensic Markers
Workflows for DNA Sequencing in the Subsurface
Sample Acquisition
Data Analysis
Microbiome Data Analysis Measures
Application of DNA Sequencing in the Subsurface
References
Part IV: Informing Policy
Part IV. Informing Policy
Chapter 10. Enabling Regulations and Empowering the Public
Abstract
Water-Related Regulation
The Chemicals Disclosure Issue
Air-Related Regulation
Flaring Regulation
Public’s Right to Know and Citizen Science
Conclusions
References
No. of pages: 188
Language: English
Published: September 27, 2016
Imprint: Elsevier
Paperback ISBN: 9780128103890
eBook ISBN: 9780128103906
VR
Vikram Rao
Vikram Rao is the executive director of the Research Triangle Energy Consortium, having assumed this position on September 1, 2008. He spent 9 years with Halliburton and another 25 with predecessor companies. Most recently, he served as senior vice president and chief technology officer responsible for Halliburton’s technology effort as well as intellectual asset management. He joined a predecessor company in 1974 as a senior research engineer. Dr. Rao currently advises the non-profit RTI International and the firms BioLargo Inc., Biota Technology Inc., Alchemy Sciences Inc., Fervo Energy Inc., Sage Geosystems Inc., Clyra Medical Technologies Inc., and Cybele Microbiome Inc. He is a past chairman of the North Carolina Mining and Energy Commission. He is the author of more than 30 publications and has been awarded 42 United States patents and foreign analogs. RTI Press released his book Shale Gas: The Promise and the Peril in July 2012 and a revised second edition in 2015. His book Sustainable Shale Oil and Gas in the Emerging Issues in Analytical Chemistry series, with Dr. Rob Knight, was released in 2016. Rao earned a doctorate and a master’s in engineering from Stanford University and holds a bachelor’s degree in engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology, Madras in Chennai, India.
Affiliations and expertise
Executive Director, Research Triangle Energy Consortium, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
RK
Rob Knight
Rob Knight is a Professor in the Biological Sciences Graduate Program at the University of California San Diego. He received his Ph.D. from Princeton University. His research interests include the human microbiome, microbial community ecology, and multi-omics analyses. His current areas of focus are bioinformatics and glycobiology.
Affiliations and expertise
University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA , USA