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Books in Psychology general

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101-110 of 436 results in All results

Children as Teachers

  • 1st Edition
  • October 22, 2013
  • Vernon L. Allen
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 2 - 1 5 9 1 - 4
Children as Teachers: Theory and Research on Tutoring covers topics on the use of children to tutor other children in school; helping relationships in general; and cross-age interaction by children. The book discusses the basic theoretical and empirical foundations for practical programs; original empirical research relevant to cross-age interaction and the impact of tutoring on both the tutor and the tutee; and a wide range of tutoring programs that operate in the schools. The text also reviews existing research on tutoring by children, as well as research and experience on the advantages and disadvantages of several alternative decisions when establishing a tutoring program in the school. Some of the papers in the book report interesting scientific information on topics having obvious practical implications: social class and ethnic differences in tutoring by young children; teaching by siblings; nonverbal skills and consequences of tutoring for the tutor; and the use of a variety of nonprofessionals as helpers. Educators, social scientists, psychologists, and policy makers will find the book invaluable.

Early Childhood Education

  • 1st Edition
  • October 22, 2013
  • Gilbert R. Austin
  • Allen J. Edwards
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 2 - 1 6 2 7 - 0
Early Childhood Education: An International Perspective presents the summarized outcomes of a five-year cross-cultural survey of early childhood education in the Western world. It provides understanding of some of the topics of debate surrounding preschool education. The text approaches the argument by centering on the history of philosophical thought in early childhood education and offers information on the political and social-cultural changes that have inspired interest in facilitating children’s early learning experience. The book discusses the historical background of early childhood education in the United States. It focuses on the ideas and evidence showing the significance of cooperation in international research. Another topic of interest is the early childhood education in England, Wales, Canada, and Sweden. The section that follows is a review of the aims and objectives of early childhood education. The text will provide valuable insights for teachers, educators, students, and researchers in the field of social sciences.

The Rise and Fall of National Test Scores

  • 1st Edition
  • October 22, 2013
  • Gilbert R. Austin + 1 more
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 2 - 1 6 2 8 - 7
The Rise and Fall of National Test Scores examines, in some depth, the nature of test score changes over an extended period of time and in a broad range of subject matters and levels of schooling. The book contains chapters contributed by experts on various aspects of educational tests and score interpretation and uses. The text discusses the interpretations of trends in college admissions test scores and questions about the post-admission performance of ethnic minority students. The book examines general school achievement trends of high school students and the trends observed in broad-based testing programs of the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). The complexities involved in obtaining dependable data with which to make informed judgments about reading achievement trends are examined. The text further tackles the positive and negative trends in academic achievement in Science with particular emphasis on the effects of curriculum revision; as well as the problems of mathematics testing. The book then describes test score trends and problems in Great Britain and Ireland, with attention given to the similarities and differences of those countries and the United States. Educators, researchers, political leaders, and informed, interested laymen will find the book invaluable.

Current Topics in Clinical and Community Psychology

  • 1st Edition
  • October 22, 2013
  • Charles D. Spielberger
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 2 - 1 7 4 0 - 6
Current Topics in Clinical and Community Psychology, Volume 2 covers the need of scientific work in the field of clinical and community psychology to the problems of modern society. The book discusses a new area of specialization - clinical neuropsychology; and the behavior deficits that result from brain damage in humans that may result from agents such as mind-altering drugs, alcohol, tranquilizers, and inadequate diet. The text also describes the sequential system for personality scale development; the prediction of violence with psychological tests; the relationship between depression and oral contraception. The quest for valid preventive interventions is also considered. Clinical psychologists, community psychologists, psychiatrists and students taking related courses will find the book useful.

Current Topics in Clinical and Community Psychology

  • 1st Edition
  • October 22, 2013
  • Charles D. Spielberger
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 2 - 1 7 4 1 - 3
Current Topics in Clinical and Community Psychology, Volume 3 covers new approaches to the treatment of emotional disorders. The book discusses the use of imagery, fantasy, and daydream techniques in psychotherapy; the psychosocial-behavioral model for therapeutic intervention; and theory and research on family therapy. The text describes the use of information feedback as a method of clinical intervention and consultation; the need for psychologists who work with minority groups (i.e. black community); as well as the epidemiology and prognosis of psychiatric disorders in the naval service. Community psychologists, clinical psychologists, psychiatrists, and students taking related courses will find the book useful.

The Psychology of Humor

  • 1st Edition
  • October 22, 2013
  • Jeffrey H Goldstein
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 2 - 8 8 5 4 - 3
The Psychology of Humor: Theoretical Perspectives and Empirical Issues examines theoretical perspectives and empirical issues concerning the psychology of humor. Theoretical views of humor range from the physiological to the sociological and anthropological. The relations between humor, laughter, and smiling are considered, along with the connection between collative variables and arousal. Comprised of 13 chapters, this book begins with an introduction to the history of thought and major theoretical issues on humor, followed by a description of models of different aspects of humor. The next section deals with empirical issues in which selected research areas are given detailed attention. The relations between humor, laughter, and smiling, on the one hand, and collative variables and arousal, on the other, are analyzed. Subsequent chapters explore the cognitive origins of incongruity humor by comparing fantasy assimilation and reality assimilation; a two-stage model for the appreciation of jokes and cartoons; and the social functions and physiological correlates of humor. The relationship between arousal potential and funniness of jokes is also explored, together with humor judgments as a function of reference groups and identification classes. The final chapter presents an annotated bibliography of published papers on humor in the research literature and an analysis of trends between 1900 and 1971. This monograph will be of interest to psychologists, sociologists, anthropologists, and behavioral scientists.

Emotions and Bodily Responses

  • 1st Edition
  • October 22, 2013
  • James L McGaugh
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 2 - 8 8 5 7 - 4
Emotions and Bodily Responses: A Psychophysiological Approach is an introduction to the principles of psychophysiology as they relate to bodily responses and emotions. The emphasis is on the study of human subjects and on those bodily responses (heart rate, blood pressure, blood volume, electrodermal responses, muscle tension, brain waves) that can be measured from the periphery of the body without the use of invasive techniques. Comprised of nine chapters, this book begins with an overview of some basic physiological principles and recording techniques, followed by a discussion on some of the types of stimuli that cause changes in bodily responses. Subsequent chapters explore individual differences in personality and emotional factors and relate them to differences in physiological responses; how differences in bodily responses are related to the major forms of psychopathology; the link between bodily responses and behavioral performance; and general states such as sleep and stress in relation to bodily responses. Bodily responses that accompany psychosomatic illnesses are also considered, along with the modification of bodily responses by various learning techniques, including Pavlovian conditioning and biofeedback training. The final chapter is devoted to the application of bodily responses to the detection of deception. This monograph is written for students, clinicians, and researchers who would like to become familiar with the basic methods, data, and concepts that relate bodily responses to emotional states.

Invitation to Psychology

  • 2nd Edition
  • October 22, 2013
  • John P. Houston + 2 more
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 2 - 6 2 9 7 - 0
Invitation to Psychology provides an introduction to fundamental concepts in psychology. It seeks to address the need of both teachers and students by offering two different kinds of chapters. The first variety covers the basic data and research within each of the traditional areas of psychology. In these "basic" chapters, the authors provide up-to-date and complete coverage of important developments in each area. The second type of chapter is innovative. These "exploring" chapters examine some of the practical applications and implications of the findings discussed in the basic chapters. These describe how basic psychological data are being used in the outside world, and discuss ongoing, often controversial explorations into some frontier areas of psychology. In other words, information about explorations and applications that is often scattered through the pages of other texts is brought together into systematic chapters in this text. The dual-chapter approach helps resolve the dilemma of differing expectations of teachers and students. Key topics covered include the definition of psychology; the psychological basis of behavior; sensation and perception; states of awareness; learning, memory, and cognition; motivation and emotion; abnormal psychology and social behavior.

Genetic Counselling

  • 1st Edition
  • October 22, 2013
  • Seymour Kessler
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 2 - 8 8 7 4 - 1
Genetic Counseling: Psychological Dimensions deals with the psychosocial aspects of genetic counseling, specifically the various issues and processes involved. This book is based on two premises: first, genetic counseling deals with human behavior and psychological functioning; and second, a strong kinship exists between genetic counseling and other areas of personal counseling. The book is organized into two major sections. The initial chapters focus on principles of genetic counseling, with an attempt to integrate these with specific counseling practices. The second section consists of eight chapters dealing with representative genetic disorders. This book, therefore, is of importance to all who deal with genetic problems and engage in genetic counseling, regardless of their background or specialty.

Chicano Psychology

  • 2nd Edition
  • October 22, 2013
  • Joe L. Martinez Jr. + 1 more
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 2 - 8 8 8 3 - 3
Chicano Psychology, Second Edition consists of five parts, separating a total of 19 chapters, beginning with a brief overview of the history of psychology, first in Spain, and then in pre-Columbian Mexico. This overview is followed by a few summary statements of the transportation of psychology from Spain to Mexico, and the eventual development of psychology as an academic discipline in modern Mexico. This edition tackles the developments within Chicano psychology. Subsequent chapters focus on foundations for a Chicano psychology, sociocultural variability, psychological disorder among Chicanos, and social psychology. Last three chapters examine bilingualism from the standpoint of several issues involving Chicanos. This book will be of interest to both scientist and student working in the areas of cross-cultural psychology, race relations, psychological anthropology, Chicano studies, and bilingual education.

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