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Books in Marine science and technology

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91-100 of 308 results in All results

Light Scattering by Particles in Water

  • 1st Edition
  • June 29, 2007
  • Miroslaw Jonasz + 1 more
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 5 4 8 6 7 - 8
Light scattering-based methods are used to characterize small particles suspended in water in a wide range of disciplines ranging from oceanography, through medicine, to industry. The scope and accuracy of these methods steadily increases with the progress in light scattering research. This book focuses on the theoretical and experimental foundations of the study and modeling of light scattering by particles in water and critically evaluates the key constraints of light scattering models. It begins with a brief review of the relevant theoretical fundamentals of the interaction of light with condensed matter, followed by an extended discussion of the basic optical properties of pure water and seawater and the physical principles that explain them. The book continues with a discussion of key optical features of the pure water/seawater and the most common components of natural waters. In order to clarify and put in focus some of the basic physical principles and most important features of the experimental data on light scattering by particles in water, the authors employ simple models. The book concludes with extensive critical reviews of the experimental constraints of light scattering models: results of measurements of light scattering and of the key properties of the particles: size distribution, refractive index (composition), structure, and shape. These reviews guide the reader through literature scattered among more than 210 scientific journals and periodicals which represent a wide range of disciplines. A special emphasis is put on the methods of measuring both light scattering and the relevant properties of the particles, because principles of these methods may affect interpretation and applicability of the results. The book includes extensive guides to literature on light scattering data and instrumentation design, as well as on the data for size distributions, refractive indices, and shapes typical of particles in natural waters. It also features a comprehensive index, numerous cross-references, and a reference list with over 1370 entries. An errata sheet for this work can be found at: http://www.tpdsci.com/Ref/Jonasz_M_2007_LightScatE.php

Polynyas: Windows to the World

  • 1st Edition
  • Volume 74
  • May 22, 2007
  • Walker O. Smith Jr. + 1 more
  • English
  • Hardback
    9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 4 - 5 2 9 5 2 - 7
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 5 2 2 9 3 - 7
Polynyas are relatively ice-free regions when compared to the areas around them, and have been suggested as being foci for energy transfer between the atmosphere and ocean, ice “factories”, and critical areas with respect to polar ecosystems and biogeochemical cycles. This volume presents an integrated, multidisciplinary review of polynyas in both the Arctic and Antarctic. It emphasizes the meteorology, ice dynamics, oceanography, biological components, chemistry, and modeling of these systems, particularly with respect to their roles in polar processes and distributions. The various interactions within polynyas, particularly between the physical forcing and biological responses, is emphasized, as are the potential changes in polynyas that might occur under a climate regime that is rapidly changing. The authors of the reviews are leaders among their respective countries in polynya research, and all are internationally recognized.

Marine Metapopulations

  • 1st Edition
  • April 6, 2006
  • Jacob P. Kritzer + 1 more
  • English
  • Hardback
    9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 0 8 8 7 8 1 - 1
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 4 5 4 7 1 - 9
Technological improvements have greatly increased the ability of marine scientists to collect and analyze data over large spatial scales, and the resultant insights attainable from interpreting those data vastly increase understanding of poplation dynamics, evolution and biogeography. Marine Metapopulations provides a synthesis of existing information and understanding, and frames the most important future directions and issues.

International Conference on Isotopes and Environmental Studies

  • 1st Edition
  • Volume 8
  • March 8, 2006
  • Pavel P. Povinec + 1 more
  • English
  • Hardback
    9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 4 4 9 0 9 - 8
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 4 5 8 4 1 - 0
The contents of the book are assembled from selected papers presented during the International Conference on Isotopes in Environmental Studies – AQUATIC FORUM 2004 convened in Monaco from 25 to 29 October 2004, which was the most important gathering of the year of isotope environmental scientists. The book reviews the present state of the art isotopic methods for better understanding of key processes in the aquatic environment, responsible for its future development and its protection. The main highlights include the latest developments in the study of the behaviour, transport and distribution of isotopes in the aquatic environment, recent climate change records using isotopic tracers in the environment, global isotopic oceanic studies, new trends in radioecological investigations and modelling, impact of groundwater-seawater interactions on coastal zones, groundwater dynamics and modelling, important for management of freshwater resources, development of new isotopic techniques, such as AMS, RIMS and ICPMS, and their applications in environmental studies, new trends in radiometrics underground techniques, new in situ radiometrics technologies and many other exciting topics which were presented and discussed during the Conference. The proceedings constitute an important contribution to the environmental isotopic research. In publishing this book the aim is to make the use of isotopes more widespread in the environmental disciplines and to further stimulate work in this exciting field.

Salinity and Tides in Alluvial Estuaries

  • 1st Edition
  • December 16, 2005
  • H.H.G. Savenije
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 4 6 1 6 1 - 8
The book describes an integrated theory that links estuary shape to tidal hydraulics, tidal mixing and salt intrusion. The shape of an alluvial estuary is characterised by exponentially varying width and the absence of bottom slope. This topography is closely related to tidal parameters, hydraulic parameters and parameters that describe 1-dimensional mixing and salt intrusion. Starting from the fundamental equations for conservation of mass and momentum, analytical equations are derived that relate the topography to tidal parameters (tidal excursion, phase lag, tidal damping, tidal amplification), wave celerity, lateral and vertical mixing and salt intrusion. The book presents a review of the state of the art, a comprehensive theoretical background and ample case illustrations from all over the world. It provides tools with which human interference in estuary dynamics can be described and predicted, resulting from, for instance: upstream fresh water abstraction, dredging, climate change or sea-level rise. In describing the interactions between tide, topography, water quality and river discharge, it provides useful information for hydraulic engineers, morphologists, ecologists and people concerned with water quality in alluvial estuaries.Although the book can be used as a text book, it is mainly a monograph aimed at graduate students and researchers.

Catchment Dynamics and River Processes

  • 1st Edition
  • Volume 7
  • November 18, 2005
  • C. Garcia + 1 more
  • English
  • Hardback
    9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 4 - 5 2 0 8 4 - 5
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 4 5 7 8 2 - 6
Maria Sala introduced experimental and field-based studies on soil and fluvial processes in Spain during the late 1970s and early 1980s. Research on this broad topic has grown remarkably worldwide since then. This title shows some of these advances and documents the latest research, although with a particularity: it gives special treatment to research on Mediterranean climate regions, an ever-present issue in Maria Sala's research career. It contains the latest research on slope and river processes with a special emphasis on rivers and catchments with a Mediterranean climate. Papers cover a gamut of topics describing research and applied studies, mainly in Spain, but also in Israel, the USA, Canada, the UK and New Zealand. The book examines natural and anthropogenic processes operating in drainage basins and includes coverage of current experimental and fieldwork investigations on soil erosion, river and catchment hydrology, suspended sediment transport and bedload dynamics in gravel-bed rivers, and present-day diagnosis and future key-paths for catchment and river management.

Marine Biogeochemical Cycles

  • 2nd Edition
  • April 18, 2005
  • Open Open University
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 9 4 0 7 7 - 9
Marine Biogeochemical Cycles, the new edition of the Open University classic, Ocean Chemistry and Deep-Sea Sediments, provides a thorough introduction to the occurrence, distribution, and cycling of chemical elements in the ocean. Developed through years of testing in classrooms and distance courses, the book’s student-friendly layout, writing, and graphics make it ideal for beginning oceanography students, or for non-majors who need to meet their science requirements. It can be used alone, as a supplement, or in combination with other Open University titles in oceanography. This edition covers the basics on the occurrence, distribution, and cycling of chemical elements in the ocean. It has been revised to include updated content, enhanced graphics, and call-out boxes that provide additional explanations. After a brief introduction to sea-floor sediments, the book shows how the activities of marine organisms cycle nutrients and other dissolved constituents within the oceans and influence the rates at which sediments are formed. It goes on to review the carbonate system and shows how sediments may be transported, and what sediments have taught us about the history of the oceans. It also describes the biological and chemical processes that continue long after sediments have been deposited on the deep-sea floor. It features nearly 150 full-color photographs and illustrations with explanatory captions; most are completely new. Marine Biogeochemical Cycles will be a valuable resource for professionals as well as students of oceanography, specifically marine biogeochemistry.

Advances in Marine Biology

  • 1st Edition
  • Volume 47
  • January 25, 2005
  • Alan J. Southward + 3 more
  • English
  • Hardback
    9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 0 2 6 1 4 8 - 2
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 5 2 4 5 0 - 4
This new volume of Advances in Marine Biology contains reviews on a wide range of important subjects such as: long-term oceanographic and ecological research in the western English Channel; marine biofouling on fish farms and its remediation; interactions between behaviour and physical forcing in the control of horizontal transport of decapod crustacean larvae; comparison of marine copepod outfluxes: nature, rate, fate and role in the carbon and nitrogen cycles. Advances in Marine Biology has been providing in-depth and up-to-date reviews on all aspects of Marine Biology since 1963 -- over 40 years of outstanding coverage! The series is well-known for both its excellence of reviews as well as the strength of its thematic volumes devoted to a particular field in detail, such as 'The Biochemical Ecology of Marine Fishes' and 'Molluscan Radiation'. Radiation'.

Secrets of the Tide

  • 1st Edition
  • October 12, 2004
  • J D Boon
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 1 - 7 8 2 4 2 - 4 3 5 - 2
This postgraduate level text and reference treatise introduces readers to tides, tidal currents, storm-surges and sea level trends in coastal regions. The book is based on tidal waters of Maryland, Virginia, Chesapeake Bay and the Atlantic regions known to the author, and also provides international examples from the UK and different locations around the world, which allows readers to compare and contrast tidal regimes and to perform tidal analysis from data in their own environment. It is an important book for teachers, researchers, planners and engineers responsible for coastal defences as well as new infrastructure and waterway modification in ports and harbours. The wealth of informative detail and data provided makes this text worthwhile for readers who need a wider understanding of this increasingly important topic for coastal zone residents. MATLAB scientific programming language, simple-to-use Graphical User Interface (GUI) programs are introduced for students, researchers and engineering consultants, available at no cost from MATLAB Central file exchange (http://www mathworks.com/matlabcentral).GUI programs provide the tools for analysing water level or water current observations, deriving the major tidal constituents, and showing first hand how tide and tidal current predictions are made in addition to producing unrivalled colour graphic visualisations. GUI is the author's tidal analysis and is particularly suited for the investigation of storm surge in coastal waters. Professor Boon has studied tidal behaviour in world coastal zones and here assembles information for public and private use from his capacity as advisor to state and federal authorities and corporate organisations.

Physical Oceanography of the Frontal Zones in Sub-Arctic Seas

  • 1st Edition
  • Volume 71
  • October 2, 2004
  • A.G. Kostianoy + 2 more
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 5 3 8 8 9 - 1
This title presents the systematization and description of accumulated knowledge on oceanic fronts of the Norwegian, Greenland, Barents and Bering Seas. The main fronts of the Norwegian, Greenland and Barents Seas are part of the climatic North Polar Frontal Zone (NPFZ). The work is based on numerous observational data, collected by the authors during special sea experiments directed at the investigation of physical processes and phenomena inside certain parts of the NPFZ and in the northern part of the Bering Sea, on archive data of the USSR Hydrometeocenter and other research institutions, as well as on a wide scientific literature published in Russian and Western editions.The book contains general information on the oceanic fronts of the Subarctic Seas, brief history of their investigation, state of the knowledge, as well as detailed description of the thermohaline structure of all frontal zones in the Norwegian, Greenland, Barents and Bering Seas and of neighboring fronts of Arctic and coastal origin. Special attention is given to the study of the multifrontal character of the NPFZ and of peculiarities of its internal structure at different locations, to the description of diverse oceanic features observed in the NPFZ, as well as to some characteristics of the horizontal and vertical fine structure of hydrophysical fields in the NPFZ. The main features of the northern Bering Sea's summer ecohydrodynamics are investigated with the help of three-dimensional direct and inverse models.

Related subjects

Biological oceanography marine ecology

Chemical oceanography marine chemistry

Geological oceanography

Geophysical fluid dynamics

Limnology

Marine data and modelling

Physical oceanography