Books in Applied geophysics

Stratigraphic reservoir characterization for petroleum geologists, geophysicists, and engineers

1st Edition
Volume 61
November 3, 2006
Roger M. Slatt
English
eBook
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Reservoir characterization as a discipline grew out of the recognition that more oil and gas could be extracted from reservoirs if the geology of the reservoir was understood. Prior to that awakening, reservoir development and production were the realm of the petroleum engineer. In fact, geologists of that time would have felt slighted if asked by corporate management to move from an exciting exploration assignment to a more mundane assignment working with an engineer to improve a reservoir’s performance. Slowly, reservoir characterization came into its own as a quantitative, multidisciplinary endeavor requiring a vast array of skills and knowledge sets. Perhaps the biggest attractor to becoming a reservoir geologist was the advent of fast computing, followed by visualization programs and theaters, all of which allow young geoscientists to practice their computing skills in a highly technical work environment. Also, the discipline grew in parallel with the evolution of data integration and the advent of asset teams in the petroleum industry. Finally, reservoir characterization flourished with the quantum improvements that have occurred in geophysical acquisition and processing techniques and that allow geophysicists to image internal reservoir complexities.

Acoustic and Elastic Wave Fields in Geophysics, III

1st Edition
Volume 39
May 16, 2005
Alex Kaufman + 1 more
English
eBook
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This monograph is the last volume in the series 'Acoustic and Elastic Wave Fields in Geophysics'. The previous two volumes published by Elsevier (2000, 2002) dealt mostly with wave propagation in liquid media. The third volume is dedicated to propagation of plane, spherical and cylindrical elastic waves in different media including isotropic and transversely isotropic solids, liquid-solid models, and media with cylindrical inclusions (boreholes).

Quantitative Borehole Acoustic Methods

1st Edition
Volume 24
January 27, 2004
X.M. Tang + 1 more
English
Hardback
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Acoustic logging is a multidisciplinary technology involving basic theory, instrumentation, and data processing/interpret... methodologies. The advancement of the technology now allows for a broad range of measurements to obtain formation properties such as elastic wave velocity and attenuation, formation permeability, and seismic anisotropy that are important for petroleum reservoir exploration. With these advances, it is easier to detect and characterize formation fractures, estimate formation stress field, and locate/estimate petroleum reserves. The technology has evolved from the monopole acoustic logging into the multipole, including dipole, cross-dipole, and even quadrupole, acoustic logging measurements. The measurement process has developed from the conventional wireline logging into the logging-while-drilli... stage. For such a fast developing technology with applications that are interesting to readers of different backgrounds, it is necessary to have systematic documentation of the discipline, including the theory, methods, and applications, as well as the technology's past, present, and near future development trends. Quantitative Borehole Acoustic Methods provides such documentation, with emphasis on the development over the past decade. Although considerable effort has been made to provide a thorough basis for the theory and methodology development, emphasis is placed on the applications of the developed methods. The applications are illustrated with field data examples. Many of the acoustic waveform analysis/processing methods described in the book are now widely used in the well logging industry.

Principles of Induction Logging

1st Edition
Volume 38
May 23, 2003
Avital Kaufman + 1 more
English
eBook
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The monograph introduces the reader to the world of inductive well logging - an established method for surveying the electrical conductivity of rocks surrounding a borehole. The emphasis is on developing a theory of inductive logging and on understanding logging tools basic physics, since this theory and understanding furnish valuable insights for inventing practical induction logging techniques. The first chapter of the book presents the basic laws of electromagnetism from a point of view that will facilitate the application of the theory to problems in electromagnetic logging. Many topics that play an important role in the design and interpretation of tools readings are covered. The vertical resolution and radial depth of investigation of different induction tools is systematically considered. Special attention is paid to principles of induction logging with transversal induction coils, to transient method of induction logging in media with cylindrical and horizontal interfaces and to the influence of anisotropy on the electromagnetic field measured in a conducting medium. Multi-coil differential induction probes and induction logging based on measuring the inphase component of the secondary field or the quadrature component difference are also described in detail. The last chapter is devoted to mathematical modeling of the response of induction logging tools in 3D geometries. The theory of inductive logging presented in this volume can be applied to logging after drilling as well as logging while drilling.

Geophysical Inverse Theory and Regularization Problems

1st Edition
April 24, 2002
Michael S. Zhdanov
English
eBook
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This book presents state-of-the-art geophysical inverse theory developed in modern mathematical terminology. The book brings together fundamental results developed by the Russian mathematical school in regularization theory and combines them with the related research in geophysical inversion carried out in the West. It presents a detailed exposition of the methods of regularized solution of inverse problems based on the ideas of Tikhonov regularization, and shows the different forms of their applications in both linear and nonlinear methods of geophysical inversion. This text is the first to treat many kinds of inversion and imaging techniques in a unified mathematical manner.The book is divided in five parts covering the foundations of the inversion theory and its applications to the solution of different geophysical inverse problems, including potential field, electromagnetic, and seismic methods. The first part is an introduction to inversion theory. The second part contains a description of the basic methods of solution of the linear and nonlinear inverse problems using regularization. The following parts treat the application of regularization methods in gravity and magnetic, electromagnetic, and seismic inverse problems. The key connecting idea of these applied parts of the book is the analogy between the solutions of the forward and inverse problems in different geophysical methods. The book also includes chapters related to the modern technology of geophysical imaging, based on seismic and electromagnetic migration.This volume is unique in its focus on providing a link between the methods used in gravity, electromagnetic, and seismic imaging and inversion, and represents an exhaustive treatise on inversion theory.

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

1st Edition
Volume 32
January 25, 2002
K.-J. Dunn + 2 more
English
eBook
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The applications of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to petroleum exploration and production have become more and more important in recent years. The development of the NMR logging technology and the NMR applications to core analysis and formation evaluation have been very rapid and extensive.The scope of this book covers a wide range of NMR related petrophysical measurements on cores including brief descriptions of recent applications of Magic Angle Spinning (MAS) NMR and the basics of NMR imaging of cores. In the discussion of NMR logging applications various schemes of using NMR logs to obtain necessary information for formation evaluation are outlined, such as irreducible water saturation determination, hydrocarbon typing, oil viscosity estimation, and permeability prediction. The principles of these applications are discussed using schematic diagrams for illustration.A unique aspect of the book is that it provides a detailed account of the basic principles of spin diffusion and relaxation in porous media. Another important area that is covered is the inversion of NMR data into a distribution of amplitudes associated with relaxation time which provides the basic information needed to interpret the NMR measurements obtained from logging.

Petroleum Geology

1st Edition
Volume 16
April 1, 2000
R.E. Chapman
English
eBook
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Analysis of Geophysical Potential Fields

1st Edition
Volume 5
June 19, 1998
P.S. Naidu + 1 more
English
eBook
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When some useful information is hidden behind a mass of unwanted information we often resort to information processing used in its broad sense or specifically to signal processing when the useful information is a waveform. In geophysical surveys, in particular in aeromagnetic and gravity surveys, from the measured field it is often difficult to say much about any one specific target unless it is close to the surface and well isolated from the rest. The digital signal processing approach would enable us to bring out the underlying model of the source, that is, the geological structure. Some of the tools of dsp such as digital filtering, spectrum estimation, inversion, etc., have found extensive applications in aeromagnetic and gravity map analysis. There are other emerging applications of dsp in the area of inverse filtering, three dimensional visualization, etc.The purpose of this book is to bring numerous tools of dsp to the geophysical community, in particular, to those who are entering the geophysical profession. Also the practicing geophysicists, involved in the aeromagnetic and gravity data analysis, using the commercially available software packages, will find this book useful in answering their questions on "why and how?". It is hoped that such a background would enable the practising geophysicists to appreciate the prospects and limitations of the dsp in extracting useful information from the potential field maps. The topics covered are: potential field signals and models, digital filtering in two dimensions, spectrum estimation and application, parameter estimation with error bounds.

Global Optimization Methods in Geophysical Inversion

1st Edition
Volume 4
July 24, 1995
M.K. Sen + 1 more
English
eBook
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One of the major goals of geophysical inversion is to find earth models that explain the geophysical observations. Thus the branch of mathematics known as optimization has found significant use in many geophysical applications.Both local and global optimization methods are used in the estimation of material properties from geophysical data. As the title of the book suggests, the aim of this book is to describe the application of several recently developed global optimization methods to geophysical problems. • The well known linear and gradient based optimization methods have been summarized in order to explain their advantages and limitations• The theory of simulated annealing and genetic algorithms have been described in sufficient detail for the readers to understand the underlying fundamental principles upon which these algorithms are based• The algorithms have been described using simple flow charts (the algorithms are general and can be applied to a wide variety of problemsStudents, researchers and practitioners will be able to design practical algorithms to solve their specific geophysical inversion problems. The book is virtually self-contained so that there are no prerequisites, except for a fundamental mathematical background that includes a basic understanding of linear algebra and calculus.

Wavelets in Geophysics

1st Edition
Volume 4
September 2, 1994
Efi Foufoula-Georgiou + 1 more
English
eBook
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Applications of wavelet analysis to the geophysical sciences grew from Jean Morlet's work on seismic signals in the 1980s. Used to detect signals against noise, wavelet analysis excels for transients or for spatiallylocalized phenomena. In this fourth volume in the renown WAVELET ANALYSIS AND ITS APPLICATIONS Series, Efi Foufoula-Georgiou and Praveen Kumar begin with a self-contained overview of the nature, power, and scope of wavelet transforms. The eleven originalpapers that follow in this edited treatise show how geophysical researchers are using wavelets to analyze such diverse phenomena as intermittent atmospheric turbulence, seafloor bathymetry, marine and other seismic data, and flow in aquifiers. Wavelets in Geophysics will make informative reading for geophysicists seeking an up-to-date account of how these tools are being used as well as for wavelet researchers searching for ideas for applications, or even new points of departure.

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