Those who are working in the design of polymers and polymer nanocomposites need to have a thorough understanding of the underlying mechanisms and processes involved in the ageing and degradation of these materials. Aging and Degradation of Polymer Nanocomposites will provide a comprehensive understanding of the processes and mechanisms involved in the aging and degradation of these materials.The book discusses in detail aging and degradation processes and their implications for the design, development, and use of these materials in various applications. It explores the different aspects of aging and degradation and investigates the ways these materials deteriorate over time. Special attention is given to the role of nanofillers, emphasizing their effects on various properties like thermophysical, mechanical, and electrical. The book looks at the various factors that contribute to aging and degradation, including exposure to environmental conditions like heat, light, radiation, and moisture, as well as mechanical stress and degradation due to chemical reactions. It also covers various techniques and approaches used to study aging and degradation, including analytical methods, simulations, and experimental analysis, and provides insights into the mechanisms involved. Additionally, the book covers strategies such as the use of additives, stabilizers, surface treatments and protective coatings, to mitigate or prevent aging and degradation of these materials.The book will be a valuable reference resource for academic and industrial researchers, materials scientists and engineers, and polymer chemists and physicists working in the design of polymers, polymer composites and polymer nanocomposites.
Raman Spectroscopy Applied to Polymer Composites and Nanocomposites summarizes, in a comprehensive manner, recent research accomplishments in this important area. The book offers an in-depth study of the current state-of-the-art, covering the fundamentals and recent experimental developments. Almost all the characterization techniques coupled in situ with Raman spectroscopy are discussed in detail. The book also covers various aspects of polymer applications, as well as related topics in polymer composites and nanocomposites. Filled polymers, reinforced plastics, thermoplastics, thermosets, elastomers, and rubbers are also discussed.The book is designed to address all aspects of Raman spectroscopy with respect to polymers and measurements, along with experimental conditions. It contains numerous case study examples to illustrate how Raman spectroscopy coupled in situ with more classical techniques can be useful to enhance material performance.
Damage Analysis of Natural Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Biocomposites: Destructive and Non-destructive Evaluation and Modelling presents the latest research findings in this important research field. The chapters focus on the causes of damage in these materials, its initiation, progression, detection, and evaluation using both experimental and numerical methods. It is only by understanding these mechanisms at a deeper level that new materials can be developed with enhanced properties for a broad range of different industrial applications.The book will be a valuable reference resource for academic and industrial researchers, as well as materials scientists and engineers and other professionals working in the damage mechanics of composites and polymer biocomposite materials.
Corrosion Atlas Case Studies: 2025 Edition gives engineers expedient corrosion solutions for common industrial equipment, no matter the industry. Providing a purely operational level view, this reference is designed as concise case studies categorized by material. It includes content surrounding the phenomenon, equipment appearance (supported by a color image), time of service, conditions where the corrosion occurred, cause, and suggested remedies within each case study. Rounding out with an introductory, foundational layer of corrosion principles, this book delivers what is needed to solve equipment corrosion problems. Finally, additional reference listings for deeper understanding beyond the practical elements are also included.
Physicochemical Properties of Chitosan-Based Materials in Multiple Phases: From Fundamentals to Biomedical, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Applications provides a comprehensive overview of structure diversity and versatile properties of chitosan while also summarizing the latest advancements and current applications of chitosan-based materials that are suitable for various purposes within pharmaceutics, biomedicine, chemical engineering, and environmental sciences. The book explores the complex nature between chitosan structure and its biological activity and describes strategies of polymer modification in order to tailor its physicochemical and mechanical properties.The utilization potential of chitosan for the fabrication of functional biomaterials in either liquid, semi-solid, or solid-state different phases (aqueous mixtures, hydrogels, solid films) is also covered. Finally, the key factors important to obtain chitosan materials suitable for biomedical applications and the characteristics of hybrid materials formed by chitosan and other components, including surfactants, polyelectrolytes, inorganic nanoparticles, are discussed.
Advanced Fibrous Composite Materials for Ballistic Protection, Second Edition provides the latest information on ballistic protection, a topic that remains an important issue in modern times due to ever increasing threats coming from regional conflicts, terrorism, and anti-social behavior. The basic requirements for ballistic protection equipment are, first and foremost, to prevent the projectile from perforating the armor, and to reduce blunt trauma to the human body caused by ballistic impact. The equipment also needs to be thermal and provide moisture comfort, and lightweight and flexible to guarantee the wearer’s mobility.The main aim of this fully updated edition is to present some of the most recent research developments in the design and engineering of woven fabrics and their use as layering materials to form composite structures for ballistic personal protection. This book will be a valuable reference for materials scientists and textile technologists, ballistic scientists, manufacturers, engineers, and all those working in ballistics technology.
Sustainable Processes in the Circular Economy: From Virgin to Recycled Raw Materials addresses the different challenges in sustainable management of resources, the sustainable development of processes to extract raw materials, recycle spent materials, and more generally, the circular economy, including social aspects in mining, recycling, the geopolitics of primary and secondary materials, and different business models. The book focuses on the place of chemical processes in the circular economy, and on the notion that circularity reflects the desire to develop a global approach that cares about the environment.In addition, it explores eco-design approaches and tools so that the value chain can reduce the environmental and societal impact of human activity while still creating value. Additional comments discuss and illustrate the link between the economic model and the environmental and societal model.
Advanced Functional Nanocomposites Based on Oxide and Carbon Nanofibers: Design, Manufacturing and Applications provides detailed information on recent research findings on the design, manufacturing, and applications of functional composite fibers.Key topics covered includes functional composite fiber processing and manufacturing technology, structure and morphology studies, mechanical testing, physical property characterization, electrochemical performance evaluation, and novel applications.Advanced Functional Nanocomposites Based on Oxide and Carbon Nanofibers: Design, Manufacturing and Applications is a valuable reference resource for academic and industrial researchers working in materials science especially in fiber science and textile-related composites for energy, environmental sustainability, and sensing applications. It will also be of interest to industrial professionals working in manufacturing, and materials processing.
Over the past few years, significant research has been conducted into the development of polymeric nanocomposite membranes to increase environmental sustainability and to demonstrate their benefits for commercial water treatment and desalination applications. Polymer Nanocomposite Membranes for Water Treatment and Desalination: Recent Developments, Future Opportunities, and Sustainable Applications presents the latest research findings in this important field.The book summarizes current advances in the production, characterization, and applications of these membranes for water treatment and desalination. Bio-composite alterations, functional group additions, and nanomaterial assemblies are also examined in depth. The current breakthroughs in reverse osmosis, oil removal, heavy metals removal, dye removal, photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants, and pesticide removal from wastewater are also discussed. Additionally, the book also highlights bacteria removal by polymeric nanocomposite membranes as well as the major benefits and drawbacks of various adsorbent materials. Special emphasis is also placed on the adsorption mechanism, which includes chemisorption and physisorption.The book will be a valuable reference source for academic and industrial researchers, as well as early career researchers who are working in the research and development of polymer nanocomposite membranes for water treatment and desalination.
Basalt fiber possesses many superior properties, such as excellent mechanical properties, high resistance to the chemical, temperature and environmental attacks, and outstanding electrical and sound insulation. In addition, it is cost-effective and environmentally friendly because the raw materials are widely found in nature and the fiber can be discarded into the environment without any negative effect. Basalt fiber has attracted great attention as reinforcement for composites in recent years, and developed materials have been extensively used in transportation, automobile, aerospace, and civil engineering.Despite its many attractive attributes, and the contributions of basalt fiber, there are still numerous challenges to be addressed in terms of preparation, properties, and application. In addition, some of the merits of this high-performance fiber reported in the literature are usually inconsistent and incomplete, where intuition often prevails over rationality.High Performance Basalt Fiber: Fundamentals and Applications provides a comprehensive and systematic review of the latest developments in this important research field. It offers a complete and thorough analysis of the correlation between the structure and properties of basalt fiber, as well as key methods and technologies for the preparation and application of this fiber and it related composites. There is also a detailed overview of the history of basalt fiber, as well functionalization and recent state-of-art progress on basalt fiber and its corresponding composites. The book will thus fill a gap in the field, in terms of not only covering the theory but more importantly the latest technologies.