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Books in Cognitive neuroscience

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141-150 of 166 results in All results

Neural Aspects of Tactile Sensation

  • 1st Edition
  • Volume 127
  • July 1, 1998
  • J.W. Morley
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 5 3 7 3 5 - 1
The world within reach is characterised to a large extent by our ability to sense objects through touch. Research into the sensation of touch has a long history. However, it is only relatively recently that significant advances have been made in understanding how information about objects we touch is represented in both the peripheral and central divisions of the nervous systems. This volume draws together the increasing body of knowledge regarding the mechanisms underlying tactile sensation and how they relate to tactile perception.Individual chapters address; the response of mechanoreceptors to stimuli (including movement and shape), the role of the somatosensory cortex in processing tactile information, the psychophysics and neurophysiology of the detection and categorisation of somesthetic stimuli, perceptual constancy, recent findings in regard to short term and long term plasticity in the somatosensory cortex and the psychophysical correlates of this plasticity, and parallel versus serial information processing in the cortex.The authors look at past and current research, and comment on the direction of future investigation, relating findings from psychophysical studies of tactile behavior to our growing understanding of the underlying neural mechanisms.

System Theories and A Priori Aspects of Perception

  • 1st Edition
  • Volume 126
  • April 1, 1998
  • J.S. Jordan
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 5 4 2 2 1 - 8
This book takes as a starting point, John Dewey's article, The Reflex Arc Concept in Psychology, in which Dewey was calling for, in short, the utilisation of systems theories within psychology, theories of behaviour that capture its nature as a vastly-complex dynamic coordination of nested coordinations. This line of research was neglected as American psychology migrated towards behaviourism, where perception came to be thought of as being both a neural response to an external stimulus and a mediating neural stimulus leading to, or causing a muscular response. As such, perception becomes a question of how it is the perceiver creates neural representations of the physical world. Gestalt psychology, on the other hand, focused on perception itself, utilising the term Phenomenological Field; a term that elegantly nests perception and the organism within their respective, as well as relative, levels of organisation. With the development of servo-mechanisms during the second world war, systems theory began to take on momentum within psychology, and then in the 1970s William T Powers brought the notion of servo-control to perception in his book, Behavior: The Control of Perception. Since then, scientists have come to see nature not as linear chain of contingent cause-effect relationships, but rather, as a non linear, unpredictable nesting of self referential, emergent coordinations, best described as Chaos theory. The implications for perception are astounding, while maintaining the double-aspect nature of perception espoused by the Gestalt psychologists. In short, system theories model perception within the context of a functioning organism, so that objects of experience come to be seen as scale-dependent, psychophysically-neutral, phenomenological transformations of energy structures, the dynamics of which are the result of evolution, and therefore, a priori to the individual case. This a priori, homological unity among brain perception and world is revealed through the use of systems theories and represents the thrust of this book. All the authors are applying some sort of systems theory to the psychology of perception. However, unlike Dewey we have close to a century of technology we can bring to bear upon the issue. This book should be seen as a collection of such efforts.

Cerebral Asymmetries in Sensory and Perceptual Processing

  • 1st Edition
  • Volume 123
  • December 11, 1997
  • S. Christman
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 5 2 8 8 2 - 3
The purpose of the book is to provide a comprehensive overview of hemispheric differences in sensory and perceptual processing. The first section of the book deals directly with the intra- and inter-hemispheric processing of spatial and temporal frequencies in the visual modality. The second section addresses the initial interaction between sensory and cognitive mechanisms, dealing with how the left and right cerebral hemispheres differ in their computation and representation of sensory information. The third section covers how attentional mechanisms modulate the nature of perceptual processing in the cerebral hemispheres. Section four consists of a single chapter which reviews evidence suggesting a functional linkage between upper and right visual field processing, on the one hand, and lower and left visual field processing on the other.

Psychology of Learning and Motivation

  • 1st Edition
  • Volume 37
  • October 16, 1997
  • Douglas L. Medin
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 8 6 3 8 8 - 7
The Psychology of Learning and Motivation publishes empirical and theoretical contributions in cognitive and experimental psychology, ranging from classical and instrumental conditioning to complex learning and problem solving. Each chapter provides a thoughtful integration of a body of work.

Perceptual learning

  • 1st Edition
  • Volume 36
  • August 29, 1997
  • Phillippe G. Schyns + 2 more
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 8 6 3 8 7 - 0
The Psychology of Learning and Motivation publishes empirical and theoretical contributions in cognitive and experimental psychology, ranging from classical and instrumental conditioning to complex learning and problem solving. Each chapter provides a thoughtful integration of a body of work.

Anomia

  • 1st Edition
  • May 19, 1997
  • Harold Goodglass + 1 more
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 5 2 7 2 7 - 7
Anomia is the inability to access spoken names for objects, most often associated with the elderly or those with brain damage to the left hemisphere. Anomia offers the state-of-the-art review of disorders of naming, written by acknowledged experts from around the world, approached from both clinical and theoretical viewpoints. Goodglass, known around the world for his research in aphasia and speech pathology, edits this first book devoted exclusively to naming and its disorders. Wingfield is known for his classic studies of lexical processing in aphasic and normal speakers. The book includes comprehensive literature reviews, a summary of relevant research data, as well as astudy of recent advances in cognitive analysis and anatomic findings. Anomia is an immensely useful work for all those involved in the study of language, particularly those in cognitive neuroscience, neurology, speech pathology, and linguistics.

Extrageniculostriate Mechanisms Underlying Visually-Guided Orientation Behavior

  • 1st Edition
  • Volume 112
  • November 22, 1996
  • M. Norita + 2 more
  • English
  • Hardback
    9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 4 - 8 2 3 4 7 - 2
The last few years have seen a dramatic increase in the number of areas known to be involved in mammalian vision. It has also seen a far greater understanding of the importance of reciprocal connections, intrinsic connections, structure-specific modules and modules which span different structures, as well as the introduction of parallel processing models within the thalamocortical and corticocortical streams.The body of knowledge has become so vast, and is growing so rapidly, that periodic updates are essential even for experts in the field. This volume is based on a satellite meeting of an international group of researchers. It emphasizes the most current information regarding midbrain and extrastriate mechanisms underlying vision and visually-guided behavior. The book also places these data into the larger context of how interrelated components of the visual system function to produce coherent visual experiences and behavior. New research findings are presented that are unavailable elsewhere, as well as reviews and broad perspectives in which existing data from multiple sources are brought together in order to help understand the structure and function of extrageniculostriate visual areas.

Visual Attention and Cognition

  • 1st Edition
  • Volume 116
  • September 23, 1996
  • W.H. Zangemeister + 2 more
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 5 4 5 0 3 - 5
The goal of this book is to put together some of the main interdisciplinary aspects that play a role in visual attention and cognition. The book is aimed at researchers and students with interdisciplinary interest. In the first chapter a general discussion of the influential scanpath theory and its implications for human and robot vision is presented. Subsequently, four characteristic aspects of the general theme are dealt with in topical chapters, each of which presents some of the different viewpoints of the various disciplines involved. They cover neuropsychology, clinical neuroscience, modeling, and applications. Each of the chapters opens with a synopsis tying together the individual contributions.

Psychology of Learning and Motivation

  • 1st Edition
  • Volume 35
  • September 17, 1996
  • Douglas L. Medin
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 8 6 3 8 6 - 3
The Psychology of Learning and Motivation publishes empirical and theoretical contributions in cognitive and experimental psychology, ranging from classical and instrumental conditioning to complex learning and problem solving. Each chapter provides a thoughtful integration of a body of work. Volume 35 covers spatial working memory, memory for asymmetric events, distance and location processes in memory, category learning, and visual spatial attention.

Causal Learning

  • 1st Edition
  • August 15, 1996
  • Douglas L. Medin + 2 more
  • English
  • eBook
    9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 8 6 3 8 5 - 6
The Psychology of Learning and Motivation publishes empirical and theoretical contributions in cognitive and experimental psychology, ranging from classical and instrumental conditions to complex learning and problem solving. This guest-edited special volume is devoted to current research and discussion on associative versus cognitive accounts of learning. Written by major investigators in the field, topics include all aspects of causal learning in an open forum in which different approaches are brought together.