Structure and Function of Biological Membranes

Contents

List of Contributors

Preface

Introduction


1. Biological Membranes: An Overview at the Molecular Level

Text

References

Newer Approaches to the Study of Membrane Structure


2. Physicochemical Probes of Membrane Structure

Abbreviations

I. Introduction

II. Probes of Membrane Structure

III. The Future

References


3. Spin Labeling and Membrane Structure

Abbreviations and Definitions

I. Introduction

II. Electron Spin Resonance Spectra of Nitroxide Free Radicals

III. Spin Labels Useful in Membrane Studies

IV. Applications to Model Membrane Systems

V. Applications to Biological Membranes

VI. Technical Innovations: Use of Small Computers

VII. Advantages and Disadvantages of Spin Labeling

References


4. The Molecular Organization of Biological Membranes

I. Introduction

II. Thermodynamics of Protein and Other Macromolecular Systems

III. Thermodynamics of Membrane Systems

IV. Some Structural Studies of Membrane Systems

V. The Lipid-Globular Protein Mosaic Model and Membrane Function

VI. Concluding Remarks

References


5. The Concept of Periplasmic Enzymes

Abbreviations

I. Introduction

II. Methods for Selective Release of Periplasmic Enzymes

III. The Surface Structure of Normal E. coli, Spheroplasts, and Osmotically Shocked Cells

IV. Enzymes That Appear to Be Periplasmic in Location

V. Evidence for Periplasmic Localization of Enzymes

VI. "Surface" Enzymes in Other Microorganisms

VII. Speculations on the Function of Periplasmic Enzymes

VIII. General Conclusions

References

Structure-Function Relationships in Biological Membranes


6. Enzyme Reactions in Biological Membranes

Abbreviations

I. Introduction

II. Participation of Lipids in Membrane Enzyme Reactions

III. Studies of Individual Enzymes

IV. Regulation of the Activity of Membrane Enzymes: Some Speculations

References


7. The Molecular Basis of Membrane Transport Systems

Abbreviations

I. Introduction

II. The Lactose System

III. The Phosphoenolpyruvate Phosphotransferase System and the Uptake of Carbohydrates

IV. The Binding Proteins Associated with Bacterial Transport Systems

V. The Transport System for Sodium and Potassium Ions

VI. Na±Dependent Transport of Amino Acids and Sugars

VII. Discussion

References


8. The Role of Membranes in the Synthesis of Macromolecules

Abbreviations

I. Introduction

II. Synthesis of Cell Wall Polymers

III. Biosynthesis of Proteins and Glycoproteins

IV. Role of the Membrane in DNA Synthesis

References


9. Structural and Functional Organization of Mitochondrial Membranes

I. Introduction

II. The Intact Mitochondrion

III. Structure of the Outer Mitochondrial Menlbrane

IV. Possible Functions of the Outer Mitochondrial Membrane

V. Structure of the Inner Mitochondrial Membrane

VI. Functions of the Inner Mitochondrial Membrane

VII. The Relationship between Structure and Function of the Inner Mitochondrial Membrane

References


10. Structure and Function of Surface Components of Mammalian Cells

Abbreviations

I. Introduction

II. Glycoproteins and Glycolipids

III. Surface Structures

IV. Function of Cell Surface Carbohydrates

References

Author Index

Subject Index