Scanning principles and step-by-step instructions on how to scan and document images helps students improve the quality of sonographic studies and establish standardization and image documentation for physician diagnostic interpretation.
Sonographic ergonomics and proper use of equipment helps students avoid occupational injuries.
Scanning protocol for pathology provides the criteria for evaluating and documenting abnormal sonographic findings, describing those findings within legal parameters, and relating those findings to the interpreting physician.
Key words and objectives at the beginning of every chapter notify students of the pertinent information in the following chapter.
Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Dedication
Contributors
Preface
Acknowledgments
Part I. General Principles
Chapter 1. Understanding Protocols and How They Are Determined
Who and What Determines a Protocol
How Congenital Anomalies and Pathology Influence the Protocol
Nonimage Aspects of Protocols
The Sonographer and the Patient
Clinical Safety for the Patient and the Sonographer
The Importance of Ergonomics
Scanning Tips
Image Documentation
Scanning Tips
Presenting an Examination to the Sonologist
Chapter 2. Scanning Planes and Scanning Methods
Labeling the Image
Scanning Planes Overview
Ultrasound Scanning Planes
Scanning
Part II. Pathology
Chapter 3. Scanning Protocol for Abnormal Findings and Pathologic Conditions
Evaluating Abnormal Findings or Pathologic Conditions
Documenting Abnormal Findings and Pathologic Conditions
Describing the Sonographic Appearance of Abnormal Findings and Pathologic Conditions
Scanning Tips
Part III. Abdominal Scanning Protocols
Chapter 4. Abdominal Aorta Scanning Protocol
Overview
Ultrasound of the Aorta
Required Images
Color Doppler
How to Measure the Aorta
Screening Protocol to Rule Out an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Finding an Unexpected Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Chapter 5. Inferior Vena Cava Scanning Protocol
Overview
Ultrasound of the Inferior Vena Cava
Required Images
Chapter 6. Liver Scanning Protocol
Overview
Ultrasound of the Liver
Liver Required Images
Elastography of the Liver
Chapter 7. Gallbladder and Biliary Tract Scanning Protocol
Overview
Ultrasound of the Gallbladder and Biliary Tree
Gallbladder and Biliary Tract Required Images
Chapter 8. Pancreas Scanning Protocol
Overview
Ultrasound of the Pancreas
Pancreas Required Images
Chapter 9. Renal Scanning Protocol
Overview
Ultrasound of the Kidneys
Renal Required Images
Required Images When the Kidneys May Need To Be Evaluated From Other Protocols
Chapter 10. Spleen Scanning Protocol
Overview
Ultrasound of the Spleen
Spleen Required Images
Required Images When the Spleen Is Partof Another Study
Chapter 11. Image Protocols for Full and Limited Studies of the Abdomen
Overview
Ultrasound of the Abdomen: Complete and Limited
Required Images
Part IV. Pelvic Scanning Protocols
Chapter 12. Female Pelvis Scanning Protocol
Overview
Ultrasound of the Female Pelvis
Female Pelvic Required Images
Chapter 13. Transvaginal Sonography
Overview
Transvaginal Ultrasound
Transvaginal Required Images
Chapter 14. Obstetric Scanning Protocol for First, Second, and Third Trimesters
Overview
Obstetric Ultrasound
Required Images for the First Trimester
Required Images for the Second and Third Trimesters
Required Images for Second and Third Trimester for High Risk
Additional Required Images
The Biophysical Profile
Chapter 15. Male Pelvis Scanning Protocol for the Prostate Gland, Scrotum, and Penis
Scrotum and Testicles Protocol
Ultrasound of the Scrotum and Testicles
Scrotal and Testicular Required Images
Prostate Gland Protocols
Ultrasound of the Prostate: Transabdominal Approach
Transabdominal Prostate Required Images
Ultrasound of the Prostate: Transrectal and Endorectal Approach
Transrectal Prostate Required Images
Penis
Overview
Ultrasound of the Penis
Part V. Small Parts Scanning Protocols
Chapter 16. Thyroid Scanning Protocol
Overview
Ultrasound of the Thyroid
Thyroid Required Images
Chapter 17. Breast Scanning Protocol
Overview
Ultrasound of the Breast
Breast Required Images
Breast Lesion Required Images
Chapter 18. Neonatal Brain, Spine, and Hip Scanning Protocols
Ultrasound of the Neonate
Neonatal Brain Overview
Neonatal and Infant Spine Overview
Infant Hip Overview
Chapter 19. Musculoskeletal Scanning Protocol for Rotator Cuff, Carpal Tunnel, and Achilles Tendon
Overview
Ultrasound of the Shoulder
Ultrasound of the Shoulder
Shoulder Required Images
Ultrasound of the Carpal Tunnel
Ultrasound of the Carpal Tunnel
Carpal Tunnel Required Images
Ultrasound of the Achilles Tendon
Ultrasound of the Achilles Tendon
Achilles Tendon Required Images
Part VI. Vascular Scanning Protocols
Chapter 20. Abdominal Doppler and Doppler Techniques
Chapter 22. Peripheral Arterial and Venous Duplex Scanning Protocols
Overview
Peripheral Arterial Overview
Arterial Duplex
Lower Arterial Evaluation Required Images
Venous Duplex of the Lower Extremity
Venous Duplex of the Lower Extremity
Scanning Tips and Tricks
Lower Extremity Venous Duplex Required Images
Appendixes
Appendix A. Infection Prevention
Appendix B. Top 10 Tips for the Sonographer
Appendix C. Documentation of an Ultrasound Examination
Appendix D. Guidelines for Performance of the Abdominal and Retroperitoneal Ultrasound Examination
Appendix E. Guidelines for Performance of the Scrotal Ultrasound Examination
Appendix F. Guidelines for Performance of the Female Pelvis Ultrasound Examination
Appendix G. Guidelines for Performance of the Antepartum Obstetric Ultrasound Examination
Appendix H. Guidelines for the Performance of Lower Extremity Venous Doppler Examinations
Abbreviation Glossary
Index
Color Plates
No. of pages: 768
Language: English
Edition: 5
Published: November 19, 2020
Imprint: Saunders
Paperback ISBN: 9780323597388
Md
M. Robert deJong
Affiliations and expertise
Radiology Technical Manager - Ultrasound, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland