Solvation, Ionic and Complex Formation Reactions in Non-Aqeuous Solvents

Preface1. Introduction References2. General Characterization of Solvents Classification of Non-Aqueous Solvents Characteristics of Solvent Properties References3. Solvent-Solute Interactions Theoretical Approaches Solvation, Solvation Number Solvation with Donor and Acceptor Solvents References4. Donor-Acceptor Interactions. The Donor and Acceptor Strengths of Solvents Empirical Solvent Strength Scales Characterization of the Donor Strength on the Basis of the Ionization Energy Characterization of the Donor Strength on the Basis of the Crystal Field Splitting Characterization of the Donor Strength on the Basis of the Heat of Solvation Base Strength Towards the Proton Characterization of the Donor Strength on the Basis of Conductometric Measurements Characterization of the Donor Strength on the Basis of Polarographic Measurements Characterization of the Donor Strength by Means of Infrared Spectroscopy Characterization of the Donor Strength by Means of NMR Spectroscopy Transition Metal Complex Reference Acceptors in the Investigation of Donor Solvents The Kamlet-Taft Solvent Basicity Scale Characterization of the Acceptor Strength on the Basis of the Solvatochrome Effect Characterization of the Acceptor Strength on the Basis of NMR Measurements Characterization of the Acceptor Strength on the Basis of Kinetic Measurements Other Solvent Strength (Polarity) Scales Intercorrelation of the Various Solvent Strength Scales Study of Lewis Donor-Acceptor Interactions and Related Problems Effect of the Parent Solvent Role of the Experimental Method Effect of the Reference Acceptor or Reference Donor The Drago Concept The Koppel-Palm Concept The Krygowski-Fawcett Concept The Gutmann-Mayer Concept The Linear Solvation Energy Relationship (Kamlet-Taft) Concept References5. Experimental Methods Employed in the Study of Non-Aqueous Solutions of Complex Systems Conductometry Dielectrometry Dielectric Relaxation Spectroscopy UV and Visible Spectroscopy Circular Dichroism (CD) Spectroscopy The Solvent Dependence of CD Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy Magnetic Susceptibility Examinations Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance (NQR) Spectroscopy Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Spectroscopy Mössbauer Spectroscopy in Frozen Solutions X-ray Diffraction Studies X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS, ESCA) in Rapidly Frozen Solutions Positron Annihilation and Positronium Chemistry Pick-Off Annihilation and the Molecular and Solution Structures Coordination Chemical Aspects of Positron Annihilation Ultrasonic Velocity Investigations Electron Spin Echo Modulation Studies References6. Effect of the Solvent on the Structures and Stabilities of Metal Complexes in Solution Effect of the Donor Strength Effects of Steric Factors Effect of Solvation of the Anion Effect of Solvation of the Outer-Sphere Type Formation of Auto-Complexes, Mixed Ligand Complexes, DA Molecular Complexes and Polynuclear Complexes Effect of the Structure of the Solvent References7. Effect of the Solvent on the Kinetics and Mechanisms of Coordination Reactions The Effect of Solvation Strength (Donor or Acceptor Strength) of Solvents Competitive Preferential Solvation (COPS) Theory Solvent Dependence of Reactions in Organometallic Chemistry References8. Interactions in Solvent Mixtures and their Investigation Interaction Between the Components of the Solvent Mixture Solvation Processes in Solvent Mixtures Complex Formation in Solvent Mixtures Solvent Dependence of Complex Stability Equilibrium Studies in Water-Dioxane Solvent Mixtures Equilibrium Studies in Solvent Mixtures with Varying Compositions Equilibrium Measurements in Non-Aqueous Solvent Mixtures Calorimetric Equilibrium Studies References9. General Suggestions for the Characterization of Non-Aqueous Solution Systems Analytical Examination of the Solution Determination of Moisture Content Determination of Other Impurities Purification of Solvents Removal of the Moisture Content Molecular Sieves and their Application Purification Procedures for some Solvents Characterization of Solvents by their Physical parameters Characterization of the Solvating Powers of Solvents Characterization of Solvent Mixtures References10. Research Trends in the FutureSubject Index