Solid State Physics
- 1st Edition - March 27, 2000
- Authors: Giuseppe Grosso, Giuseppe Pastori Parravicini
- Editors: Giuseppe Grosso, Giuseppe Pastori Parravicini
- Language: English
- Hardback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 3 0 4 4 6 0 - 0
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 1 - 4 9 3 3 - 0 0 5 5 - 6
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 4 8 1 0 2 - 9
Although there are many books published in solid state physics, there is a wide gap between the active field of research and the conceptstraditionally taught in solid state cou… Read more
Although there are many books published in solid state physics, there is a wide gap between the active field of research and the concepts
traditionally taught in solid state courses. This book fills that gap. The style is tutorial, simple, and completely self-contained.
Solid State Physicsexplains to readers the newest advances in the area of condensed matter physics with rigorous, but lucid mathematics. Examples are an integral part of the text, and they are carefully designed to apply the fundamental principles illustrated in the text to currently active topics of research.
traditionally taught in solid state courses. This book fills that gap. The style is tutorial, simple, and completely self-contained.
Solid State Physicsexplains to readers the newest advances in the area of condensed matter physics with rigorous, but lucid mathematics. Examples are an integral part of the text, and they are carefully designed to apply the fundamental principles illustrated in the text to currently active topics of research.
- Bridges the gap between fundamental principles and active fields of reserch, including explanations of all the latest advances
- Provides an in-depth treatment of current research topics
- Examples are integral to the text and apply fundamental principles to current topics of research
- Both authors have many years of experience of teaching at a variety of levels--undergraduate, post-graduate, tutorial workshops and seminars
Graduate students, advanced graduates, and researchers in the fields of theoretical and experimental activity in condensed matter theory and solid state physics.
Preface
Chapter I Electrons in One-Dimensional Periodic Potentials
1 The Bloch Theorem for One-Dimensional Periodicity
2 Energy Levels in a Periodic Array of Quantum Wells
3 Electron Tunneling and Energy Bands
3.1 Transmission and Reflection of Electrons through an Arbitrary Potential
3.2 Electron Tunneling through a Periodic Potential
4 The Tight-Binding Approximation
4.1 Expansion in Localized Orbitals
4.2 Tridiagonal Matrices and Continued Fractions
5 Plane Waves and Nearly Free-Electron Approximation
5.1 Expansion in Plane Waves
5.2 The Mathieu Potential and the Continued Fraction Solution
6 Some Dynamical Aspects of Electrons in Band Theory
Further Reading
Chapter II Geometrical Description of Crystals: Direct and Reciprocal Lattices
1 Simple Lattices and Composite Lattices
1.1 Periodicity and Bravais Lattices
1.2 Simple and Composite Crystal Structures
2 Geometrical Description of Some Crystal Structures
3 Wigner-Seitz Primitive Cells
4 Reciprocal Lattices
4.1 Definitions and Basic Properties
4.2 Planes and Directions in Bravais Lattices
5 Brillouin Zones
6 Translational Symmetry and Quantum Mechanical Aspects
6.1 Translational Symmetry and Bloch Wavefunctions
6.2 the Parametric K•P Hamiltonian
6.3 Cyclic Boundary Conditions
6.4 Special K Points for Averaging over the Brillouin Zone
7 Density-of-States and Critical Points
Further Reading
Chapter III the Sommerfeld Free-Electron Theory of Metals
1 Quantum Theory of the Free-Electron Gas
2 Fermi-Dirac Distribution Function and Chemical Potential
3 Electronic Specific Heat in Metals and Thermodynamic Functions
4 Thermionic Emission from Metals
Appendix A. Outline of Statistical Physics and Thermodynamic Relations
Al. Microcanonical Ensemble and Thermodynamic Quantities
A2. Canonical Ensemble and Thermodynamic Quantities
A3. Grand Canonical Ensemble and Thermodynamic Quantities
Appendix B. Fermi-Dirac and Bose-Einstein Statistics for Independent Particles
Appendix C. Modified Fermi-Dirac Statistics in a Model of Correlation Effects
Further Reading
Chapter IV The One-Electron Approximation and Beyond
1 Introductory Remarks on the Many-Electron Problem
2 The Hartree Equations
3 Identical Particles and Determinantal Wavefunctions
4 Matrix Elements Between Determinantal States
5 the Hartree-Fock Equations
5.1 Variational Approach and Hartree-Fock Equations
5.2 Ground-State Energy, Ionization Energies and Transition Energies
5.3 Hartree-Fock Equations and Transition Energies in Closed-Shell Systems
5.4 Hartree-Fock-Slater and Hartree-Fock-Roothaan Approximations
6 Overview of Approaches Beyond the One-Electron Approximation
7 Electronic Properties and Phase Diagram of the Homogeneous Electron Gas
8 The Density Functional Theory and the Kohn-Sham Equations
Appendix A. Bielectronic Integrals among Spin-Orbitals
Appendix B. Outline of Second Quantization Formalism for Identical Fermions
Appendix C. An Integral on the Fermi Sphere
Further Reading
Chapter V Band Theory of Crystals
1 Basic Assumptions of the Band Theory
2 The Tight-Binding Method (LCAO Method)
2.1 Description of the Method for Simple Lattices
2.2 Description of the Tight-Binding Method for Composite Lattices
2.3 Illustrative Appucations of the Tight-Binding Scheme
3 The Orthogonalized Plane Wave (OPW) Method
4 the Pseudopotential Method
5 The Cellular Method
6 The Augmented Plane Wave (APW) Method
6.1 Description of the Method
6.2 Expression and Evaluation of the Matrix Elements of the APW Method
7 the Green'S Function Method (KKR Method)
7.1 Scattering Integral Equation for a Generic Potential
7.2 Scattering Integral Equation for a Periodic Muffin-Tin Potential
7.3 Expression and Evaluation of the Structure Coefficients
8 Other Methods and Developments in Electronic Structure Calculations
8.1 The Linearized Cellular Methods
8.2 The Lanczos Or Recursion Method
8.3 Modified Lanczos Method for Excited States
8.4 Renormalization Method for Electronic Systems
Further Reading
Chapter VI Electronic Properties of Selected Crystals
1 Band Structure and Cohesive Energy of Rare-Gas Solids
1.1 General Features of Band Structure of Rare-Gas Solids
1.2 Cohesive Energy of Rare-Gas Solids
2 Electronic Properties of Ionic Crystals
2.1 Introductory Remarks and Madelung Constant
2.2 Considerations on Bands and Bonds in Ionic Crystals
3 Covalent Crystals with Diamond Structure
4 Band Structures and Fermi Surfaces of Some Metals
Further Reading
Chapter VII Excitons, Plasmons and Dielectric Screening in Crystals
1 Exciton States in Crystals
2 Plasmon Excitations in Crystals
3 General Considerations on the Longitudinal Dielectric Function
4 Static Dielectric Screening in Metals with the Thomas-Fermi Model
5 Static Dielectric Screening in Metals with the Lindhard Model
6 Dynamic Dielectric Screening in Metals and Plasmon Modes
7 Quantum Expression of the Longitudinal Dielectric Function in Materials
8 Quantum Expression of the Longitudinal Dielectric Function in Crystals
9 Longitudinal Dielectric Function and Energy-Loss of a Fast Charged Particle
Appendix A. Lindhard Dielectric Function for the Free-Electron Gas
Further Reading
Chapter VIII Interacting Electronic-Nuclear Systems and the Adiabatic Principle
1 Electronic-Nuclear Systems and Adiabatic Potential-Energy Surfaces
2 Non-Degenerate Adiabatic Surface and Nuclear Dynamics
2.1 Non-Degenerate Adiabatic Surface and Classical Nuclear Dynamics
2.2 Non-Degenerate Adiabatic Surface and Quantum Nuclear Dynamics
3 Degenerate Adiabatic Surfaces and Jahn-Teller Systems
3.1 Degenerate Adiabatic Surfaces and Nuclear Dynamics
3.2 the Jahn-Teller Effect for Doubly Degenerate Electronic States
3.3 the Jahn-Teller Effect for Triply Degenerate Electronic States
4 the Hellmann-Feynman Theorem and Electronic-Nuclear Systems
4.1 General Considerations on the Hellmann-Feynman Theorem
4.2 Charge Density and Atomic Forces
5 Parametric Hamiltonians and Berry Phase
6 Macroscopic Electric Polarization in Crystals and Berry Phase
Further Reading
Chapter IX Lattice Dynamics of Crystals
1 Dynamics of Monatomic One-Dimensional Lattices
2 Dynamics of Diatomic One-Dimensional Lattices
3 Dynamics of General Three-Dimensional Crystals
4 Quantum Theory of the Harmonic Crystal
5 Lattice Heat Capacity. Einstein and Debye Models
6 Considerations on Anharmonic Effects and Melting of Solids
7 Optical Phonons and Polaritons in Polar Crystals
7.1 General Considerations
7.2 Lattice Vibrations in Polar Crystals and Polaritons
7.3 Local Field Effects on Polaritons
Appendix A. Quantum Theory of the Linear Harmonic Oscillator
Further Reading
Chapter X Scattering of Particles by Crystals
1 General Considerations
2 Elastic Scattering of X-Rays from Crystals
2.1 Elastic Scattering of X-Rays and Bragg Diffraction Condition
2.2 Elastic Scattering of X-Rays and Intensity of Diffiracted Beams
3 Inelastic Scattering of Particles and Phonon Spectra of Crystals
4 Compton Scattering and Electron Momentum Density
5 Diffusion of Particles by a Single Elastically-Bound Scatterer
5.1 Dynamical Structure Factor of a Single Scattering Center
5.2 Dynamical Structure Factor of a Three-Dimensional Harmonic Oscillator
6 Diffusion of Particles by a Crystal and Effects of Lattice Vibrations
7 Mossbauer Effect
Further Reading
Chapter XI Optical and Transport Properties in Metals
1 Macroscopic Theory of Optical Constants in Homogeneous Materials
2 the Drude Theory of the Optical Properties of Free Carriers
3 Transport Properties and Boltzmann Equation
4 Static and Dynamic Conductivity in Metals
4.1 Static Conductivity with the Boltzmann Equation
4.2 Frequency and Wavevector Dependence of the Conductivity
4.3 Anomalous Skin Effect
5 Boltzmann Treatment and Quantum Treatment of Intraband Transitions
6 The Boltzmann Equation in Electric Fields and Temperature Gradients
6.1 The Transport Equations in General Form
6.2 Thermoelectric Phenomena
Further Reading
Chapter XII Optical Properties of Semiconductors and Insulators
1 Quantum Expression of the Transverse Dielectric Function in Materials
1.1 Optical Constants of Homogeneous Media in the Linear Response Theory
1.2 Optical Constants and Green's Function of the Electronic System
2 Quantum Theory of Band-to-Band Optical Transitions and Critical Points
3 Indirect Phonon-Assisted Transitions
4 Two-Photon Absorption
5 Exciton Effects on the Optical Properties
6 Fano Resonances and Absorption Lineshapes
7 Optical Properties of Vibronic Systems
7.1 Optical Properties of the Pranck-Condon Vibronic Model
7.2 Optical Properties of Typical Jahn-Teller Systems
Appendix A. Transitions Rates at First and Higher Orders of Perturbation Theory
Further Reading
Chapter XIII Transport in Intrinsic and Homogeneously Doped Semiconductors
1 Fermi Level and Carrier Density in Intrinsic Semiconductors
2 Impurity Levels in Semiconductors
3 Fermi Level and Carrier Density in Doped Semiconductors
4 Thermionic Emission in Semiconductors
5 Non-Equilibrium Carrier Distributions
5.1 Drift and Diffusion Currents
5.2 Generation and Recombination of Electron-Hole Pairs in Semiconductors
6 Solutions of Typical Transport Equations in Uniformly Doped Semiconductors
Further Reading
Chapter XIV Transport in Inhomogeneous Semiconductors
1 Properties of The PN Junction at Equilibrium
2 Current-Voltage Characteristics of the PN Junction
3 The Bipolar Junction Transistor
4 The Junction Field-Effect Transistor (JFET)
5 Semiconductor Heterojunctions
6 Metal-Semiconductor Contacts and Mesfet Transistor
7 The Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Structure and Mosfet Transistor
Further Reading
Chapter XV Electron Gas in Magnetic Fields
1 Magnetization and Magnetic Susceptibility
2 Energy Levels and Density-of-States of a Free-Electron Gas in Magnetic Fields
2.1 Energy Levels of the Two-Dimensional Electron Gas in Magnetic Fields
2.2 Energy Levels of the Three-Dimensional Electron Gas in Magnetic Fields
3 Orbital Magnetic Susceptibility and De Haas-Van Alphen Effect
3.1 Orbital Magnetic Susceptibiuty of a Two-Dimensional Electron Gas
3.2 Orbital Magnetic Susceptibiuty of a Three-Dimensional Electron Gas
4 Spin Paramagnetism of a Firee-Electron Gas
5 Magnetoresistivity and Classical Hall Effect
6 the Quantum Hall Effect
Appendix A. Free Energy of an Electron Gas in a Uniform Magnetic Field
Appendix B. Generalized Orbital Magnetic Susceptibiuty of the Free-Electron Gas
Further Reading
Chapter XVI Magnetic Properties of Localized Systems and Kondo Impurities
1 Quantum Mechanical Treatment of Magnetic Susceptibility
2 Magnetic Susceptibility of Closed-Shell Systems
3 Permanent Magnetic Dipoles in Atoms or Ions with Partially Filled Shells
4 Paramagnetism of Localized Magnetic Moments
5 Localized Magnetic States in Normal Metals
6 Dilute Magnetic Alloys and the Resistance Minimum Phenomenon
6.1 Some Phenomenological Aspects
6.2 The Resistance Minimum Phenomenon
6.3 Microscopic Origin of the Kondo Interaction: A Molecular Model
7 Magnetic Impurity in Normal Metals at Very Low Temperatures
Further Reading
Chapter XVII Magnetic Ordering in Crystals
1 Ferromagnetism and the Weiss Molecular Field
2 Microscopic Origin of the Coupling between Localized Magnetic Moments
3 Antiferromagnetism in the Mean Field Approximation
4 Spin Waves and Magnons in Ferromagnetic Crystals
5 The Ising Model with the Transfer Matrix Method
6 The Ising Model with the Renormalization Group Theory
7 the Stoner-Hubbard Itinerant Electron Model for Magnetism
Further Reading
Chapter XVIII Superconductivity
1 Some Phenomenolgical Aspects of Superconductors
2 The Cooper Pair Idea
3 Ground State for a Superconductor in the BCS Theory at Zero Temperature
3.1 Variational Determination of the Ground-State Wavefunction
3.2 Ground-State Energy and Isotopic Effect
3.3 Momentum Distribution and Coherence Length
4 Excited States of Superconductors at Zero Temperature
4.1 The Bogoliubov Canonical Transformation
4.2 Persistent Currents in Superconductors
4.3 Electron Tunneling into Superconductors
5 Treatment of Superconductors at Finite Temperature and Heat Capacity
6 Diamagnetism of Superconductors and Meissner Effect
6.1 the Phenomenological London Model
6.2 Pippard Electrodynamics and Effective Magnetic Penetration Depth
7 Macroscopic Quantum Phenomena
7.1 Order Parameter in Superconductors and Ginzburg-Landau Theory
7.2 Magnetic Flux Quantization
7.3 Type-I and Type-II Superconductors
8 Cooper Pair Tunneling between Superconductors and Josephson Effects
Appendix A. the Phonon-Induced Electron-Electron Interaction
Further Reading
Subject Index
Contents Synopsis
I, II, III Introductory Information and Propedeutic Subjects
IV, V, VI, VII Electronic Structure of Crystals
VIII, IX Adiabatic Principle and Lattice Vibrations
X, XI, XII, XIII, XIV Scattering; Optical and transport properties
XV, XVI XVII Magnetic Field Effects and Magnetism
XVIII Superconductivity
- Edition: 1
- Published: March 27, 2000
- Language: English
GG
Giuseppe Grosso
Affiliations and expertise
Universitá di Pisa, ItalyGP
Giuseppe Pastori Parravicini
Giuseppe Pastori Parravicini graduated in Physics at the University of Milan in 1963, then moved to the Physics Institute of the University of Pisa where he taught Solid State Physics for more than two decades. From 1990 he moved as full professor to the Department of physics of the University of Pavia where he taught until 2011.
Giuseppe Pastori Parravicini has made original contributions in many areas of theoretical Solid State Physics. Among them are the study of lamellar compounds, the theory of symmetries for the classification of electronic states, the electron-phonon interaction, nonlinear optical spectroscopy, many-body effects in excited states in atoms, molecules and solids, quantum transport using the non-equilibrium Keldysh function.
Affiliations and expertise
Department of Physics, University of Pisa, Pisa, ItaliaGG
Giuseppe Grosso
Giuseppe Grosso graduated in Physics at the University of Pisa in 1972 and PhD from the Scuola Normale Superiore in 1977, He is a retired full professor of Solid State Physics at the Physics Department of Pisa. The main research topics addressed concern electronic and optical properties of perfect 3D and nanostructured solids, Green’s function, recursion and renormalization methods, continued fractions coherent transport, Keldysh formalism, conjugated polymers and molecular crystals, silicon and germanium based photonics.
Affiliations and expertise
Department of Physics, University of Pisa, ItalyGP
Giuseppe Pastori Parravicini
Giuseppe Pastori Parravicini graduated in Physics at the University of Milan in 1963, then moved to the Physics Institute of the University of Pisa where he taught Solid State Physics for more than two decades. From 1990 he moved as full professor to the Department of physics of the University of Pavia where he taught until 2011.
Giuseppe Pastori Parravicini has made original contributions in many areas of theoretical Solid State Physics. Among them are the study of lamellar compounds, the theory of symmetries for the classification of electronic states, the electron-phonon interaction, nonlinear optical spectroscopy, many-body effects in excited states in atoms, molecules and solids, quantum transport using the non-equilibrium Keldysh function.
Affiliations and expertise
Department of Physics, University of Pisa, Pisa, ItaliaRead Solid State Physics on ScienceDirect