Solar Power And Fuels
- 1st Edition - November 12, 2012
- Latest edition
- Editor: James R. Bolton
- Language: English
Solar Power and Fuels presents the proceedings of the First International Conference on the Photochemical Conversion and Storage of Solar Energy, held at the University of Western… Read more
Solar Power and Fuels presents the proceedings of the First International Conference on the Photochemical Conversion and Storage of Solar Energy, held at the University of Western Ontario on August 24–28, 1976. This book explores the various possibilities for the photochemical conversion and storage of solar energy. Organized into eight chapters, this compilation of papers begins with an overview of the chemical utilization of solar energy through systems in which the quanta of radiation from the sun are utilized in atomic or molecular systems that undergo chemical changes. This text then examines the various ways in which biological/solar systems could be realized to varying degrees over the short and long term. Other chapters consider the electron-transfer processes in which excited states of molecules react with molecules. This book discusses as well the systems where the photochemical reaction occurs in the electrolyte. The final chapter deals with the intermittent availability of solar radiation. This book is a valuable resource for photochemists, photobiologists, and scientists.
Contributors
Preface
Gabriel Stein—1920-1976
Chapter 1 Photochemical Conversion and Storage of Solar Energy
Chemical Utilization and Storage of Solar Quantum Energy
The Future Role of Wind, Photosynthetic Biomass and Hydro—Electric Power
Solar Energy Utilization for Heating and Cooling and the Need for Electricity as such
Electricity Generation from Solar Power
Photoelectrochemical Cells
Semiconductor Devices Based on Photosynthetic Apparatus Models
Homogeneous Chemical Systems for Solar Energy Utilization
Photogalvanic Devices
Photosensitized Water-Splitting in Homogeneous Solutions
Thermally Assisted Photochemical Reactions and Photochemically Assisted Thermal Reactions
Some Conclusions
References
Chapter 2 Will Photosynthesis Solve the Energy Problem?
Introduction
Energy Available
Efficiency of Photosynthesis
Areas Required for Solar Power
Food versus Fuel
Leaf Protein
Energy Plantations
Cellulose
Waste Disposal
Greenhouse Production
Plant Selection and Breeding
Regulation of Plant Reactions and Products
Nitrogen Fixation
Biocatalytic Hydrogen Production Systems
Carbon Reduction
Artificial Chlorophyll Membranes
Bacteriorhodopsin Membranes
Concluding Remarks
References
Comments
Chapter 3 Electron Transfer in Heterogeneous Photochemical Reactions
Introduction
Energy Considerations
Reactions of the Hydrated Electron with Acceptors in Micelles
Reactions of Radicals and Radical Anions with Acceptors in Micelles
Reactions of Light Excited Molecules in Micelles
Electron Deficient States in Photochemical Reactions
Reactions in Submicellar Systems
References
Comments
Chapter 4 Power Generation by Photoelectrolysis
Introduction
Basic Processes at Semiconductor Electrodes
Redox Reactions and Energy Levels
The Semiconductor—Electrolyte Interface
The Effect of Illumination
The Source of Photoelectric Power
Photochemical Charge Separation
Charge Separation by Electric Field in the Semiconductor
Charge Separation at the Interface
The Result of Photoelectrolysis
Photoelectrolytic Cell for the Decomposition of Water
Energetic Conditions
Energy Conversion Efficiency
Combination of n- and p-type Semiconductors
Photoelectrolytic Cell as Direct Power Source
The Regenerative Mode of Operation
The Semiconductor Redox Electrolyte Photoelectrolytic Cell
Spectral Sensitization in Photoelectrolysis
The Stability of Illuminated Semiconductors
Summarizing Remarks
References
Comments
Chapter 5 Photogalvanic Processes
Definitions
Brief Description of a Prototypical Photogalvanic Converter, The Iron-Thionine Cell
Some Chemical Systems which have been Considered for Photogalvanic Converters
Processes and Figures of Merit in Photogalvanic Transducers without Capacity for Storage
Characterization of Processes in Iron—Thiazine Totally Illuminated—Thin Layer (TI-TL) Cells
Absorption of Sunlight; Sensitization
The Primary Quantum Yield of Charge Carriers in Solution, Φccs
Lifetime of Charge Carriers in Solution in the Photochemical Steady State, τccs
Φi, The Quantum Yield for Current Conversion
Limits on the Voltage Conversion Efficiency, Evc
Acknowledgment
References
Comments
Chapter 6 Photochemical Production of a Fuel
Introduction
Direct Intramolecular Photoreactions
Bimolecular Redox Processes
Photocatalyzed Systems
Conclusion
References
Comments
Chapter 7 Ultrathin Barriers and Solar Energy Conversion
Introduction
Ultrathin Barriers and Photosynthesis
Overview of Photosynthesis
The Thylakoid Membrane of the Photosynthetic Apparatus
Solid-State Mechanism of Photosynthesis
Ultrathin Barriers and Solar Cells
Photoeffect in Homogeneous Semiconductors
Photoeffect in Heterogeneous Semiconductors
Effect of Junction Thickness
Ultrathin Barriers and Pigmented Bilayer Lipid Membranes
The Bilayer Lipid Membrane System
Properties of Pigmented BLM
Dye Sensitized BLM
BLM Containing Bacteriorhodopsin
Excitation of Pigmented BLM by Pulsed Light
Mechanism of Energy Transduction in Pigmented BLM
Toward Construction of a Practical Device
References
Comments
Chapter 8 Organic Molecular Energy Storage Reactions
Introduction
General Aspects of Photochemical Systems Delivering Heat
General Limitations Applying to Endergonic Quantum Processes
Absorption of Radiation
Quantum and Chemical Yields
The Heat Contents of A and Β
The Temperature of the Exothermic Reaction
Examples of Thermally Reversible Endothermic Photoreactions
Photodimers of Anthracenes
Photodimers in the Naphthalene Series
Naphthalene-Diphenylacetylene Photoadducts
Dicyclopentadien-1-one
1-Ethoxycarbonyl-1H-azepine
Norbornadienes
Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Comments
Author Index
Subject Index
- Edition: 1
- Latest edition
- Published: November 12, 2012
- Language: English
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