Side Effects of Drugs Annual

A Worldwide Yearly Survey of New Data in Adverse Drug Reactions

1st Edition, Volume 43 - November 4, 2021
Imprint: Elsevier
Editor: Sidhartha D. Ray
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 4 1 1 9 - 6
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 4 1 2 0 - 2

Side Effects of Drugs Annual: A Worldwide Yearly Survey of New Data in Adverse Drug Reactions, Volume 43, first published in 1977, and continually published as a yearly update to… Read more

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Side Effects of Drugs Annual: A Worldwide Yearly Survey of New Data in Adverse Drug Reactions, Volume 43, first published in 1977, and continually published as a yearly update to the voluminous encyclopedia Meyler's Side Effects of Drugs, presents clinicians and medical investigators with a critical survey of new data and trends in adverse drug reactions and interactions. Topics covered in this new release include Central Nervous System Stimulants and Drugs that Suppress Appetite, Antidepressants, Lithium, Drugs of Abuse, Hypnotics and Sedatives, Antipsychotic Drugs, Antiepileptics, Opioid Analgesics and Narcotic Antagonists, Anti-Inflammatory and Antipyretic Analgesics and Drugs Used in Gout, and much more.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Preface
Special Reviews in SEDA 43
Table of Essays, Annuals 1–42
Abbreviations
Focus on pharmacogenomics, phytonutrient-drug interactions and COVID-19 vaccines: Perspectives on ADRs, ADEs, and SEDs
Introduction
Pharmacogenomic considerations
Immunological/hypersensitivity reactions
Vaccine-induced adverse effects
Analysis of toxicological reactions
Phytonutrient–drug interactions
Grades of adverse drug reactions
FDA pregnancy categories/classification of teratogenicity
Conclusion
Chapter 1: Central nervous system stimulants and drugs that suppress appetite
Abstract
Introduction
Drugs that suppress appetite [SEDA 39, 1; SEDA 40, 1; SEDA 41, 1; SEDA 42, 1]
Parasympathomimetics [SEDA 39, 1; SEDA 40, 1; SEDA 41, 1; SEDA 42, 1]
Conclusion
References
Further reading
Chapter 2: Antidepressants
Abstract
Introduction
General
Antidepressant side effects
Endocrine
Sexual function
Cardiovascular
Musculoskeletal
Misuse/abuse
Children and adolescents
Below are case reports of antidepressants published in 2020, organized by organs/organ systems and antidepressant classes
Conclusion
References
Chapter 3: Lithium
Abstract
Introduction
Nervous system
Drug-drug interactions
Toxicology of lithium (SEDA 42: 23–32)
References
Chapter 4: Drugs of abuse
Abstract
Introduction
Prescription drugs
CNS depressants
CNS stimulants
Hallucinogens
Antipsychotics
Antidepressants
Antihypertensives
Illicit drugs
Stimulants, synthetic stimulants, and combinations containing stimulants
Hallucinogens
Other designer drugs
Over the counter (OTC) drugs
Other drugs
Conclusion
References
Chapter 5: Side effects of drugs used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease
Abstract
Introduction
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine)
Memantine
References
Chapter 6: Sedatives and hypnotics
Abstract
Benzodiazepines [SEDA-42, 67; SEDA-41, 44; SEDA-40, 93]
Non-benzodiazepine receptor agonists [SEDA-42, 74; SEDA-40, 95]
Benzodiazpine receptor agonists/GABA receptor agonists (Z-drugs) [SEDA-42, 71; SEDA-41, 46; SEDA-40, 91]
Propofol [SEDA-40, 96; SEDA-39, 5; SEDA-38, 4]
Benzodiazepines and non-benzodiazepine sedatives and hypnotics
References
Chapter 7: Antipsychotic agents
Abstract
Introduction
First- vs second-generation antipsychotics
Tolerability of first- vs second-generation long-acting injectable antipsychotics
First-generation antipsychotics
Second-generation antipsychotics
Conclusion
References
Chapter 8: Anti-epileptic medications
Abstract
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor agonists
GABA reuptake inhibitor
GABA transaminase inhibitors
GABA analogues
Sodium channel blockers
Glutamate blockers
Misc other mechanisms of actions
Multiple drugs
References
Chapter 9: Side effects of opioid analgesics and narcotic antagonists
Abstract
Introduction
Opioid full agonists [see Fig. 1; SEDA-39, 107; SEDA-41, 97; SEDA-42, 115]
Opioid partial agonists [see Fig. 2]
Mixed agonists and antagonists [see Fig. 2]
Conclusion
References
Chapter 10: Anti-inflammatory and antipyretic analgesics and drugs used in gout
Abstract
Aniline derivatives [SEDA-41, 141; SEDA-42, 127]
Arylalkanoic acid derivatives [SEDA-41, 109; SEDA-42, 130]
Ketorolac [SEDA-40, 145; SEDA-42, 132]
Propionic acid derivatives [SEDA-41, 112; SEDA-42, 132]
Pyrazole derivatives [SEDA-41, 112; SEDA-42, 133]
Salicylates [SEDA-40, 148; SEDA-42, 136]
Drugs used in the treatment of gout [SEDA-41, 113; SEDA-42, 136]
References
Chapter 11: General anaesthetics and therapeutic gases
Abstract
Inhaled anaesthetics
Methoxyflurane
Sevoflurane
IV agents
Etomidate
Propofol
References
Chapter 12: Side effects of local anesthetics
Abstract
Introduction
Bupivacaine
Chloroprocaine
Dibucaine
Lidocaine
Mepivacaine
Prilocaine
Ropivacaine
Tetracaine
Combined drugs
Bupivacaine and morphine
Propitocaine/prilocaine
Ropivacaine and epinephrine
Special review: An unexpected side effect of LAs
Mechanisms of action by which local Anaesthetics reduce cancer recurrence: A systematic review
Local anesthetics counteract cell proliferation and migration of human triple-negative breast cancer and melanoma cells
Lidocaine suppresses viability and migration of human breast cancer cells: TRPM7 as a target for some breast cancer cell lines
Differential effects and mechanisms of local anesthetics on esophageal carcinoma cell migration, growth, survival and chemosensitivity
Conclusion
Acknowledgement
References
Chapter 13: Neuromuscular blocking agents and skeletal muscle relaxants
Abstract
Introduction
Depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents
Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents
Neuromuscular blocker reversal agents
Skeletal muscle relaxants
References
Chapter 14: Antihistamines (H1 receptor antagonists)
Abstract
Azelastine (SEDA-41, 163)
Bilastine (SEDA-41, 163)
Cetirizine (SEDA-41, 164; SEDA-42, 166)
Chlorpheniramine (SEDA-42, 166–167)
Cyclizine
Dimenhydrinate
Diphenhydramine (SEDA-41, 165–166; SEDA-42, 167–168)
Olopatadine (SEDA-42, 169)
Rupatadine
Triprolidine
References
Chapter 15: Drugs that act on the respiratory tract
Abstract
Leukotriene modifiers [SEDA-36, 245; SEDA-37, 197; SEDA-38, 160; SEDA-39, 166; SEDA-40, 219; SEDA-41, 172; SEDA-42, 172]
Anticholinergic drugs [SEDA-36, 245; SEDA-37, 197; SEDA-38, 158; SEDA-39, 165; SEDA-40, 222; SEDA-41, 175; SEDA-42, 173]
Anti-fibrotic therapies [SEDA-40, 224; SEDA-41, 177; SEDA-42, 175]
Monoclonal antibodies [SEDA-38, 161; SEDA-39, 167; SEDA-40, 225; SEDA-41, 179; SEDA-42, 178]
References
Chapter 16: Positive inotropic drugs and drugs used in dysrhythmias
Abstract
Cardiac glycosides [SEDA-41, 183–194; SEDA-42, 183–193]
Antidysrhythmic drugs
Inotropes
References
Chapter 17: Beta adrenergic antagonists and antianginal drugs
Abstract
Drug-drug interactions
Beta-adrenoreceptor antagonists [SEDA-38, 173; SEDA-40, 243; SEDA-41, 197; SEDA-42, 195]
Atenolol
Bisoprolol
Carteolol
Carvedilol
Esmolol
Labetalol
Timolol
Nebivolol
Nadolol
Metoprolol
Sotalol
Calcium channel blockers [SEDA-38, 175; SEDA-39, 246; SEDA-40, 243; SEDA-41, 199; SEDA-42, 199]
Amlodipine
Benidipine
Diltiazem
Felodipine
Nicardipine
Nifedipine
Inhibitors of fatty acid oxidation [SEDA-42, 203]
Trimetazidine
Nitrates [SEDA-34, 305; SEDA-35, 354; SEDA-38, 176; SEDA-40, 243]
References
Chapter 18: Drugs acting on the cerebral and peripheral circulations
Abstract
Drugs used in the treatment of migraines
Drugs used in the treatement of pulmonary arterial hypertension
Peripheral vasodilators
Peripheral vasoconstrictors [SEDA-40, 253–262; SEDA-41, 212–216; SEDA-42, 210–213]
References
Chapter 19: Antihypertensive drugs
Abstract
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors [SEDA-39, 183–187; SEDA-40, 263; SEDA-41, 219–220; SEDA-42, 215–216]
Angiotensin receptor blockers [SEDA-40, 263–264; SEDA-41, 220–221; SEDA-42, 216–218]
Beta blockers [SEDA-40, 264–265; SEDA-41, 221–222; SEDA-42, 218–221]
Calcium channel blockers [SEDA-40, 265; SEDA-41, 222–223; SEDA-42, 221–223]
Diuretics [SEDA-41, 223–224; SEDA-42, 223–224]
References
Chapter 20: Side effects, ADRs & ADEs of diuretics
Abstract
Aldosterone receptor antagonists [SEDA-40, 275; SEDA-41, 235; SEDA-42, 227]
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors [SEDA-40, 269; SEDA-41, 227; SEDA-42, 229]
Loop diuretics [SEDA-40, 270; SEDA-41, 228; SEDA-42, 232]
Osmotic diuretics [SEDA-38, 202; SEDA-39, 192; SEDA-42, 234]
Thiazide diuretics [SEDA-40, 273; SEDA-41, 232; SEDA-42, 234]
Vasopressin receptor antagonists
References
Chapter 21: Metals and metal antagonists
Abstract
Ammonium tetrathiomolybdate (Gray et al., 2016 [R], 2017 [R], 2018 [R], 2019 [R], 2020 [R])
Bis-choline tetrathiomolybdate
Polystyrene sulphonates (Gray et al., 2016 [R], 2017 [R], 2018 [R], 2019 [R], 2020 [R])
Deferasirox (Gray et al., 2016 [R], 2017 [R], 2018 [R], 2019 [R], 2020 [R])
Susceptibility factors
Deferiprone (Gray et al., 2016 [R], 2017 [R], 2018 [R], 2019 [R], 2020 [R])
Deferoxamine (Gray et al., 2016 [R], 2017 [R], 2018 [R], 2019 [R], 2020 [R])
Hydroxyurea (Gray et al., 2016 [R], 2017 [R], 2018 [R], 2019 [R], 2020 [R])
Susceptibility factors
Iron
Lead (Gray et al., 2020)
Microplastics
d-Penicillamine (Gray et al., 2016 [R], 2017 [R], 2018 [R], 2019 [R], 2020 [R])
Susceptibility factors
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (ZS-9)
References
Chapter 22: Antiseptic drugs and disinfectants with special scrutiny of COVID-19 pandemic related side effects
Abstract
All commonly used antiseptics and disinfectants [SEDA-37, 273; SEDA-40, 289]
Alcohols [SEDA-7, 266; SEDA-12, 202; SEDA-15, 250; SEDA-19, 235]
Aldehydes [SED-15, 1439, 1513; SEDA-31, 409; SEDA-32, 437; SEDA-33, 479; SEDA-34, 377; SEDA-36, 339; SEDA-37, 273; SEDA-38, 211; SEDA-39, 209; SEDA-40, 289; SEDA-41, 251; SEDA-42, 247]
Guanidines
Benzalkonium compounds [SED-15, 421; SEDA-32, 440; SEDA-33, 481; SEDA-34, 379; SEDA-36, 341; SEDA-37, 273; SEDA-38, 213; SEDA-39, 212; SEDA-40, 292; SEDA-41, 253; SEDA-42, 249]
Triclocarban [SEDA-13, 206]
Halogens
References
Chapter 23: Beta-lactams and tetracyclines
Abstract
Carbapenems
Cephalosporins
Penicillins
Tetracyclines and glycylcyclines
References
Chapter 24: Side effects of miscellaneous antibacterial drugs
Abstract
Tetracyclines
Macrolides
Fluoroquinolones
References
Chapter 25: Antiprotozoal
Abstract
Anti-malarials [SEDA-40, 337; SEDA-41, 293; SEDA-42, 279]
Leishmaniasis therapies [SEDA-40, 337; SEDA-41, 293; SEDA-42, 279]
Other anti-protozoals [SEDA-40, 337; SEDA-41, 293; SEDA-42, 279]
NVP-AEW541 and GSK-J4 HCl
References
Chapter 26: Antifungal drugs
Abstract
Allylamines [SEDA-36, 381; SEDA-37, 307; SEDA-38, 243; SEDA-40, 333; SEDA-41, 285]
Antifungal azoles [SEDA-37, 307; SEDA-38, 245; SEDA-39, 245; SEDA-40, 327]
References
Chapter 27: Antiviral drugs
Abstract
Drugs active against cytomegalovirus (CMV)
Drugs active against herpes viruses (HSV)
Drugs active against hepatitis viruses: Hepatitis B virus (HBV)
Drugs active against hepatitis viruses: Hepatitis C virus (HCV)
Drugs active against human immunodeficiency virus: Integrase inhibitors (INSTI)
Drugs active against human immunodeficiency virus: Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI)
Drugs active against human immunodeficiency virus: Protease inhibitor (PI)
Drugs active against influenza virus
References
Chapter 28: Nascent perspectives on COVID-19 treatments
Abstract
Introduction
Therapeutic window
Treatment medications against COVID-19
References
Chapter 29: Drugs in tuberculosis and leprosy
Abstract
General
Aminoglycosides
Bedaquiline
Carbapenems
Clofazimine
Ethambutol
Fluoroquinolones
Isoniazid
Linezolid
Pyrazinamide
Rifampicin
References
Chapter 30: Vaccines
Abstract
Viral vaccines
General
Susceptibility factors
Organs and systems
Dengue vaccine [SEDA-39, 302–303; SEDA-40, 383–384; SEDA-41, 351–352]
Ebola vaccine [SEDA-39, 303–304; SEDA-40, 384–386; SEDA-41, 351]
Hepatitis A vaccine [SEDA-38, 308; SEDA-39, 304; SEDA-40, 386–387; SEDA-41, 352–352]
Hepatitis B vaccine [SED-16, 255–293, 696–706; SEDA-38, 307–308; SEDA-39, 306–307; SEDA-40, 387]
Human papillomavirus vaccine [SED-16, 255–293; SEDA-38, 308–309; SEDA-39, 306–307; SEDA-40, 387–388; SEDA-41, 353–354]
Influenza vaccine [SED-16, 98–106; SEDA-38, 309; SEDA-39, 307–313; SEDA-40, 388–390; SEDA-41, 354–355]
Japanese encephalitis vaccine [SED-16, 393–396; SEDA-38, 319; SEDA-39, 313; SEDA-40, 390–391; SEDA-41, 355]
Measles–Mumps–Rubella and Measles–Mumps–Rubella-Varicella Vaccine [SED-15, 3555, 3566, 3567, 3569; SEDA-35, 575; SEDA-36, 473; SEDA-37, 391; SEDA-40, 391]
Poliovirus vaccine [SED-16, 257, 847–853; SEDA-38, 320; SEDA-39, 315–316; SEDA-40, 391–392; SEDA-41, 356]
Rotavirus vaccine [SED-16, 252–256; SEDA-36, 473; SEDA-37, 391; SEDA-39, 316; SEDA-40, 392–393; SEDA-41, 356]
Varicella/herpes zoster vaccine [SED-16, 260–365; SEDA-37, 391; SEDA-40, 393–394; SEDA-41, 357]
Yellow fever vaccine [SED-16, 537–540; SEDA-38, 321; SEDA-39, 318–319; SEDA-40, 394–395; SEDA-41, 358]
Bacterial vaccines
Parasitic vaccines
Cross references
References
Chapter 31: Anthelminthic drugs
Abstract
Albendazole
Diethylcarbamazine
Ivermectin
Levamisole
Mebendazole
Moxidectin
Praziquantel
References
Chapter 32: Blood and blood treatments
Abstract
Transfusions
Oral ferrous sulfate heptahydrate
References
Further reading
Chapter 33: Drugs that affect blood coagulation, fibrinolysis and hemostasis
Abstract
Anticoagulants
Prothrombotic agents
Anticoagulant reversal agents
Thrombolytic agents
References
Chapter 34: Gastrointestinal drugs
Abstract
Acid-impacting agents
Antidiarrheal and antispasmodic agents
Antiemetic agents
Antiinflammatory agents
Miscellaneous agents
Biologics
Steroids
References
Chapter 35: Corticotrophins, corticosteroids, and prostaglandins
Abstract
Corticotrophins [SEDA-35, 719; SEDA-36, 603; SEDA-37, 491; SEDA-38, 425, SEDA 42, 402]
Systemic glucocorticoids [SED-15, 906; SEDA-33, 841; SEDA-34, 653; SEDA-35, 719; SEDA-36, 604; SEDA-37, 492; SEDA-38, 425, SEDA-42]
Prostaglandins and analogues [SEDA-35; SEDA-36, 604; SEDA-37, 494; SEDA-38, 428; SEDA-42]
Conclusion
References
Chapter 36: Thyroid hormones, iodine, and iodides, and antithyroid drugs
Abstract
Thyroid hormones (SEDA-42, 431–433)
Thionamides (SEDA-42, 433–439)
Radioactive iodine (SEDA-42, 439)
References
Chapter 37: Side effects of insulin and other antihyperglycemic drugs
Abstract
Introduction
Insulin and associated adverse effects [Fig. 1; SEDA-38, 453; SEDA-39, 439; SEDA-40, 541; SEDA-41, 498; SEDA-42, 445]
Adverse effects associated with oral hypoglycemic and other antihyperglycemic drugs [see also Fig. 2].
Conclusion
References
Further reading
Chapter 38: Side effects of antilipid medications
Abstract
Introduction
PCSK9 inhibitors
References
Chapter 39: Side effects of drugs used in ocular treatment
Abstract
Introduction
Medications used to treat glaucoma
Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) medications
Anti-inflammatory drugs
Antimicrobials
References
Chapter 40: Complementary and alternative medicine
Abstract
Search strategy
Introduction
Herbal prevention and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
V8
Conclusion
References
Chapter 41: Antidepressant use in pregnancy
Abstract
Special reviews: Antidepressant use in pregnancy
Acknowledgements
References
Further reading
Chapter 42: Vitamins, amino acids, and drugs and formulations used in nutrition
Abstract
Introduction
Vitamin A [acitretin, alitretinoin, all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), 13-cis retinoic acid (isotretinoin), carotenoids, etretinate] [SEDA-39, 345; SEDA-40, 431; SEDA-41, 387]
Vitamins of the B group [SEDA-39, 346; SEDA-40, 433; SEDA-41, 390]
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) [SEDA-39, 349; SEDA-40, 435; SEDA-41, 392]
Vitamin D analogues [SEDA-39, 349; SEDA-40, 436; SEDA-41, 393]
Vitamin E (tocopherol) [SEDA-39, 351; SEDA-40, 439; SEDA-41, 394]
Special review
Vitamin K analogues [SEDA-39, 352; SEDA-40, 439; SEDA-41, 394]
Amino acids [SEDA-39, 352; SEDA-40, 440; SEDA-41, 394]
Enteral nutrition [SEDA-39, 352; SEDA-40, 442; SEDA-41, 396]
Parenteral nutrition [SEDA-39, 353; SEDA-40, 440; SEDA-41, 397]
Conclusion
References
Reviewers
Index of Drugs
Index of Drug-Drug Interactions
Index of Adverse Effects and Adverse Reactions

Sidhartha D. Ray

Sidhartha D. Ray, PhD, FACN serves as a Senior Professor of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences at The Touro College of Pharmacy at Manhattan, New York. Prior to this he served as Professor of Pharmaceutical Sciences for nearly 2 decades at the Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences of Long Island University, New York, and as the founding chair of Pharmaceutical Science department at Manchester University College of Pharmacy, Indiana, USA. He has been in the health sciences academy for over 35 years mainly focusing on pharmacy teaching, research and service. Dr. Ray's research program focus on drug & chemical induced organ toxicology, mechanistic & molecular toxicology, adverse drug reaction mechanisms, side effects of a number of therapeutically relevant drugs and environmentally significant chemicals. Over the last two decades, Dr. Ray’s seminal discoveries have provided clear understandings on the dynamic role of apoptosis, necrosis and necraptosis during organotoxic reactions and have influenced the development of safety measures for a stunning variety of xenobiotics, phytochemicals and nutraceuticals. He is internationally recognized as a leader in the scientific community and was one of the front runners in exploring mechanisms of drug and chemical-induced programmed and un-programmed cell death in in-vivo models. His landmark studies on the interplay of bcl-2, bcl-xl, p53, bad and bax during acetaminophen induced cell death and its prevention by grape seed proanthocyanidin extract has earned worldwide citations. His peer recognition and acknowledged service contributions are reflected by his election into multiple international professional organizations, such as the Society of Toxicology (SOT), Society of Free Radical Biology & Medicine (SFRBM), American Society of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics (ASPET), American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy (AACP) and American College of Nutrition (ACN). Dr. Ray is an Associate Editor of Encyclopedia of Toxicology (3rd Ed, Elsevier, 2014), and serves on the editorial boards of multiple prestigious international journals, including ‘Archives of Toxicology’ and ‘Oxidative Medicine & Cellular Longevity’. Based on his contributions to teaching, service and scholarship to health sciences in general, Dr. Ray received multiple prestigious awards, inc. the American Academy of Clinical Toxicology’s national research award (1996), ‘Fellow of the American College of Nutrition’ honor in 1999, David Newton Award for Excellence in Teaching Pharmacy (2005), the Biennial Abraham Krasnoff Memorial Award for Lifetime Scholarly Achievement (2008), Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy & Health Science’s ‘Wall-of-Fame’ honor (2011), the Society of Toxicology’s ‘Undergraduate Educator of the Year’ national award (2013), and the Manchester University’s ‘Outstanding Scholar of the Year’ award (2014). He currently serves on the SOT-NIH–NLM’s joint Toxlearn Project, SOT Undergraduate Task Force (2007 – present), and has previously served on the SOT’s Education Committee (2007 – 2010). In his lifetime, Dr. Ray has mentored research to numerous PharmD, MS, MD and PhD students in a number of areas of toxicology and biomedical sciences, made seminal contributions to the fields of pharmacology, toxicology, free radical biology, anticancer mechanism, phytochemicals, nutraceuticals & dietary supplements, and molecular safety sciences. Dr. Ray loves to promote ‘Lifelong Learning’ strategies to his students and clearly models his beliefs day in and day out. Visit URL: www.sidhartharay.com/ for more details.

Affiliations and expertise

Senior Professor of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Touro College of Pharmacy, Touro University System, Manhattan, NY, USA

Life Sciences

Physical Sciences & Engineering

Social Sciences & Humanities

Health