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Shoulder and Elbow Trauma and its Complications

Volume 2: The Elbow

1st Edition - October 14, 2015

Author: Michael Greiwe

Hardback ISBN:

9 7 8 - 1 - 7 8 2 4 2 - 4 5 0 - 5

eBook ISBN:

9 7 8 - 1 - 7 8 2 4 2 - 4 7 3 - 4

Shoulder and Elbow Trauma and Its Complications: Volume 2: The Elbow provides an update on elbow surgery, a type of procedure that is seeing a significant increase in recent… Read more

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Shoulder and Elbow Trauma and Its Complications: Volume 2: The Elbow

provides an update on elbow surgery, a type of procedure that is seeing a significant increase in recent years.

Although some of these surgeries are due to an aging population, a large proportion of operations are being performed on younger patients who have damaged their joints through physical activity.

Worldwide, many of the injuries sustained through sport and physical activity are fractures which can be difficult to treat and can cause complications. Chapters in this detailed book will look at the most common types of elbow trauma and how to manage complications in surgery.

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Part One. Elbow trauma
- 1. Simple elbow dislocation
  - 1.1. Introduction
  - 1.2. Epidemiology
  - 1.3. Elbow anatomy and biomechanics
  - 1.4. Evaluation and initial management
  - 1.5. Nonoperative management
  - 1.6. Patient outcomes
  - 1.7. Complications
  - 1.8. Further directions
- 2. Complex elbow dislocations
  - 2.1. Introduction
  - 2.2. Anatomy
  - 2.3. Elbow biomechanics
  - 2.4. Valgus posterolateral rotatory injury
  - 2.5. Varus posteromedial rotatory injury
  - 2.6. Axial loading injuries
  - 2.7. Complications of complex elbow dislocations
  - 2.8. Future directions
  - 2.9. Summary
- 3. Management of acute and chronic distal biceps ruptures
  - 3.1. Introduction
  - 3.2. Distal biceps anatomy
  - 3.3. Surgical anatomy
  - 3.4. Epidemiology
  - 3.5. Etiology
  - 3.6. Clinical evaluation
  - 3.7. Imaging
  - 3.8. Treatment
  - 3.9. Outcomes
  - 3.10. Future trends
  - 3.11. Conclusion
  - Disclosures
- 4. Distal humerus fractures: Open reduction and internal fixation
  - 4.1. Introduction
  - 4.2. Anatomy and biomechanics
  - 4.3. Classification system
  - 4.4. Preoperative evaluation
  - 4.5. Surgical decision-making
  - 4.6. Technical considerations
  - 4.7. Principles of fixation
  - 4.8. Surgical technique
  - 4.9. Surgical factors that affect outcome
  - 4.10. Coronal shear fractures
  - 4.11. Postoperative rehabilitation
  - 4.12. Outcomes
  - 4.13. Complications
  - 4.14. Future trends/additional sources of reference
- 5. Arthroplasty for treatment of distal humerus fractures
  - 5.1. Introduction
  - 5.2. Evaluation and workup
  - 5.3. Surgical techniques
  - 5.4. Outcomes
  - 5.5. Complications and their management
  - 5.6. Important points
  - 5.7. Future directions
  - 5.8. Other resources and information
- 6. Fractures of the proximal forearm
  - 6.1. Introduction
  - 6.2. Anatomy
  - 6.3. Evaluation of patients with proximal forearm fractures
  - 6.4. Olecranon fractures
  - 6.5. Radial head and neck fractures
  - 6.6. Summary
  - 6.7. Future trends
- 7. Fractures of the proximal radius and ulna: Coronoid fractures
  - 7.1. Introduction
  - 7.2. Anatomy
  - 7.3. Imaging
  - 7.4. Mechanisms of injury and fracture patterns
  - 7.5. Classification
  - 7.6. Biomechanics
  - 7.7. Management
  - 7.8. Outcomes
  - 7.9. Complications
  - 7.10. Future directions
- 8. Olecranon fractures
  - 8.1. Introduction
  - 8.2. Anatomy
  - 8.3. Fracture anatomy/classification
  - 8.4. Epidemiology
  - 8.5. Initial evaluation
  - 8.6. Treatment
  - 8.7. Rehabilitation
  - 8.8. Complications
  - 8.9. Future directions
  - 8.10. Summary
- 9. Fractures of the proximal radius and ulna: Monteggia injuries
  - 9.1. Background
  - 9.2. Anatomy
  - 9.3. Classification/pattern of injury
  - 9.4. Preoperative evaluation
  - 9.5. Management
  - 9.6. Postoperative management
  - 9.7. Expected outcomes
  - 9.8. Complications
  - 9.9. Future directions
  - 9.10. Sources for further reference
Part Two. Managing complications of elbow trauma
- 10. Persistent elbow instability
  - 10.1. Introduction
  - 10.2. Anatomy and biomechanics
  - 10.3. Injury patterns
  - 10.4. Imaging
  - 10.5. Previous studies
  - 10.6. Management
  - 10.7. Surgical approach
  - 10.8. Coronoid reconstruction
  - 10.9. Postoperative management
  - 10.10. Complications
  - 10.11. Future developments
  - 10.12. Summary
- 11. Fracture of the radial head: Fixation, failure, and replacement
  - 11.1. Introduction
  - 11.2. Incidence/epidemiology
  - 11.3. Anatomy/biomechanics of the radial head
  - 11.4. Radial head fractures: clinical and radiographic assessment
  - 11.5. Classification
  - 11.6. Decision-making
  - 11.7. Nonoperative treatment
  - 11.8. Operative treatment—ORIF
  - 11.9. Operative treatment—prosthetic replacement
  - 11.10. Failure of treatment of radial head fractures
  - 11.11. Conclusion
  - 11.12. Future directions for research
- 12. Distal humerus nonunion
  - 12.1. Background/epidemiology
  - 12.2. History and physical exam
  - 12.3. Radiographic evaluation
  - 12.4. Classification
  - 12.5. Treatment techniques
  - 12.6. Conclusions
- 13. Olecranon and proximal ulna nonunion
  - 13.1. Introduction
  - 13.2. Nonunions of nonoperatively treated olecranon and proximal ulna fractures
  - 13.3. Nonunions of operatively treated olecranon fractures
  - 13.4. Nonunions of operatively treated proximal ulna fractures
  - 13.5. Technical pearls
  - 13.6. Future trends/additional resources
- 14. Treatment of the stiff elbow: capsular contracture and heterotopic ossification: Post-traumatic elbow contracture and heterotopic ossification
  - 14.1. Introduction
  - 14.2. Pathophysiology
  - 14.3. Epidemiology
  - 14.4. Classification
  - 14.5. Presentation
  - 14.6. Physical examination
  - 14.7. Imaging
  - 14.8. Management
  - 14.9. Nonsurgical treatment
  - 14.10. Surgical treatment
  - 14.11. Lateral “column” procedure
  - 14.12. Medial “over-the top” approach
  - 14.13. Posterior “Outerbridge-Kashiwagi” procedure
  - 14.14. Elbow arthroscopy for capsular stiffness
  - 14.15. Arthroscopic debridement
  - 14.16. Outcomes section
  - 14.17. Complications section
  - 14.18. Rehabilitation
  - 14.19. Heterotopic ossification
  - 14.20. Prophylaxis of HO
  - 14.21. Conclusions
  - 14.22. Areas for further research
- 15. Complex post-traumatic elbow stiffness: Nonunion, malunion, and post-traumatic arthritis
  - 15.1. Introduction
  - 15.2. Pathophysiology
  - 15.3. Classification
  - 15.4. Medical decision-making
  - 15.5. Treatment
  - 15.6. Complications
  - 15.7. Conclusions/future trends
Index