Sensor Technology Handbook

PrefaceCHAPTER 1: Sensor Fundamentals 1.1 Basic Sensor Technology 1.2 Sensor SystemsCHAPTER 2: Application Considerations 2.1 Sensor Characteristics 2.2 System Characteristics 2.3 Instrument Selection 2.4 Data Acquisition and Readout 2.5 InstallationCHAPTER 3: Measurement Issues and CriteriaCHAPTER 4: Sensor Signal Conditioning 4.1 Conditioning Bridge Circuits 4.2 Amplifiers for Signal Conditioning 4.3 Analog to Digital Converters for Signal Conditioning 4.4 Signal Conditioning High Impedance SensorsCHAPTER 5: Acceleration, Shock and Vibration Sensors 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Technology Fundamentals 5.3 Selecting and Specifying Accelerometers 5.4 Applicable Standards 5.5 Interfacing and DesignsCHAPTER 6: Biosensors 6.1 Overview: What Is a Biosensor? 6.2 Applications of Biosensors 6.3 Origin of Biosensors 6.4 Bioreceptor Molecules 6.5 Transduction Mechanisms in Biosensors 6.6 Application Range of Biosensors 6.7 Future ProspectsCHAPTER 7: Chemical Sensors 7.1 Technology Fundamentals 7.2 ApplicationsCHAPTER 8: Capacitive and Inductive Displacement Sensors 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Capacitive Sensors 8.3 Inductive Sensors 8.4 Capacitive and Inductive Sensor Types 8.5 Selecting and Specifying Capacitive and Inductive Sensors 8.6 Comparing Capacitive and Inductive Sensors 8.7 Applications 8.8 Latest Developments 8.9 ConclusionCHAPTER 9: Electromagnetism in Sensing 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Electromagnetism and Inductance 9.3 Sensor Applications 9.4 Magnetic Field Sensors 9.5 SummaryCHAPTER 10: Flow and Level Sensors 10.1 Methods for Measuring Flow 10.2 Selecting Flow Sensors 10.3 Installation and Maintenance 10.4 Recent Advances in Flow Sensors 10.5 Level Sensors 10.6 Applicable StandardsCHAPTER 11: Force, Load and Weight Sensors 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Quartz Sensors 11.3 Strain Gage SensorsCHAPTER 12: Humidity Sensors 12.1 Humidity 12.2 Sensor Types and Technologies 12.3 Selecting and Specifying Humidity Sensors 12.4 Applicable Standards 12.5 Interfacing and Design InformationCHAPTER 13: Machinery Vibration Monitoring Sensors 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Technology Fundamentals 13.3 Accelerometer Types 13.4 Selecting Industrial Accelerometers 13.5 Applicable Standards 13.6 Latest and Future Developments 13.7 Sensor Manufacturers 13.8 References and ResourcesCHAPTER 14: Optical and Radiation Sensors 14.1 Photosensors 14.2 Thermal Infrared DetectorsCHAPTER 15: Position and Motion Sensors 15.1 Contact and Non-contact Position Sensors 15.2 String Potentiometer and String Encoder Engineering Guide 15.3 Linear and Rotary Position and Motion Sensors 15.4 Selecting Position and Displacement TransducersCHAPTER 16: Pressure Sensors 16.1 Piezoresistive Pressure Sensing 16.2 Piezoelectric Pressure SensorsCHAPTER 17: Sensors for Mechanical Shock 17.1 Technology Fundamentals 17.2 Sensor Types, Advantages and Disadvantages 17.3 Selecting and Specifying 17.4 Applicable Standards 17.5 Interfacing Information 17.6 Design Techniques and Tips, with Examples 17.7 Latest and Future DevelopmentsCHAPTER 18: Test and Measurement Microphones 18.1 Measurement Microphone Characteristics 18.3 Traditional Condenser Microphone Design 18.4 Prepolarized (or Electret) Microphone Design 18.5 Frequency Response 18.6 Limitations on Measurement Range 18.7 Effect of Environmental Conditions 18.8 Microphone Standards 18.9 Specialized Microphone Types 18.10 Calibration 18.11 Major Manufacturers of Test and Measurement MicrophonesCHAPTER 19: Strain Gages 19.1 Introduction to Strain Gages 19.2 Strain-Gage Based Measurements 19.3 Strain Gage Sensor InstallationsCHAPTER 20: Temperature Sensors 20.1 Sensor Types and Technologies 20.2 Selecting and Specifying Temperature SensorsCHAPTER 21: Nanotechnology-Enabled Sensors 21.1 Possibilities 21.2 Realities 21.3 Applications 23.4 SummaryCHAPTER 22: Wireless Sensor Networks: Principles and Applications 22.1 Introduction to Wireless Sensor Networks 22.2 Individual Wireless Sensor Node Architecture 22.3 Wireless Sensor Networks Architecture 22.4 Radio Options for the Physical Layer in Wireless Sensor Networks 22.5 Power Consideration in Wireless Sensor Networks 22.6 Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks 22.7 Future DevelopmentsAPPENDIX A: Lifetime Cost of Sensor OwnershipAPPENDIX B: Smart Sensors and TEDS FAQAPPENDIX C: Units and ConversionsAPPENDIX D: Physical ConstantsAPPENDIX E: Dielectric ConstantsAPPENDIX F: Index of RefractionAPPENDIX G: Engineering Material PropertiesAPPENDIX H: Emissions ResistivityAPPENDIX I: Physical Properties of Some Typical LiquidsAPPENDIX J: Speed of Sound in Various Bulk MediaAPPENDIX K: BatteriesAPPENDIX L: TemperaturesContributor’s BiographiesContributing CompaniesSensor SuppliersSubject IndexSensor Technology Index