Sample Return Missions

The Last Frontier of Solar System Exploration

1st Edition - May 10, 2021
Imprint: Elsevier
Editor: Andrea Longobardo
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 8 3 3 0 - 4
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 8 3 3 1 - 1

Sample Return Missions: The Last Frontier of Solar System Exploration examines the discoveries and results obtained from sample return missions of the past, present, and future. I… Read more

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Sample Return Missions: The Last Frontier of Solar System Exploration examines the discoveries and results obtained from sample return missions of the past, present, and future. It analyses the results in the context of the current state of knowledge and their relation to the formation and evolution of planetary bodies, as well as to the available technologies and techniques. It provides detailed descriptions of experimental procedures applied to returned samples.

Beginning with an overview of previous missions, Sample Return Missions then goes on to provide an overview of facilities throughout the world used to analyze the returned samples. Finally, it addresses techniques for collection, transport, and analysis of the samples, with an additional focus on lessons learned and future perspectives. Providing an in-depth examination of a variety of missions, with both scientific and engineering implications, this book is an important resource for the planetary science community, as well as the experimentalist and engineering communities.

Cover Image
Title Page
Copyright
Table of Contents
Contributors
Chapter 1 Introduction
Part I Space missions
Chapter 2 The Apollo program
Chapter Outlines
Abstract
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Early planning and strategies
2.3 Experiments not related to geologic sampling
2.4 Tools & photography
2.5 The Apollo samples
2.6 Transport & storage
2.7 Curation
2.8 Major findings
2.9 Future lunar sampling
References
Chapter 3 The Luna program
Chapter Outlines
Abstract
3.1 The beginning
3.2 “The Dark Side of the Moon”
3.3 First lunar surface panoramas
3.4 The first gamma-survey of the lunar surface
3.5 Lunokhod
3.6 Lunar samples return
3.7 Ground-based receiving complex for lunar soil
3.8 Primary processing of the lunar soil and major results
3.9 International exchange of lunar soil samples
3.10 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 4 The Stardust sample return mission
Chapter Outlines
Abstract
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Mission overview
4.3 Results
4.4 Conclusions
4.5 Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 5 The Genesis Solar-Wind Mission: first deep-space robotic mission to return to earth
Chapter Outlines
Abstract
5.1 Introduction and purpose of the Genesis mission
5.2 Mission and spacecraft design
5.3 Mission, re-entry, and recovery
5.4 Results and scientific discoveries
5.5 Conclusions
5.6 Acknowledgements
5.7 Permissions
References
Chapter 6 The Hayabusa mission
Chapter Outlines
Abstract
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Spacecraft and operations
6.3 Scientific results: in-situ observations
6.4 Scientific results: sample analysis
6.5 Final remark
6.6 Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 7 The Hayabusa2 mission: what will we expect from samples from C-type near-Earth asteroid (162173) Ryugu?
Chapter Outlines
Abstract
7.1 Introduction
7.2 What did Hayabusa2 find at Ryugu?
7.3 Sample acquisition at Ryugu
7.4 Science goals of returned sample analysis
7.5 Summary
7.6 Acknowledgement
References
Chapter 8 OSIRIS-REx at Bennu: Overcoming challenges to collect a sample of the early Solar System
Chapter Outlines
Abstract
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Mission operations
8.3 Sample acquisition and a look forward to Earth return
8.4 Summary: To Bennu and back
References
Chapter 9 The Chang'e-5 mission
Chapter Outlines
Abstract
9.1 Mission overview
9.2 Sampling and science operations
9.3 Landing, recovery and transport procedures
9.4 Sample storage and analysis
9.5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 10 Future missions
Chapter Outlines
Abstract
10.1 The JAXA Martian Moons eXploration mission
10.2 JAXA/OKEANOS
10.3 The NASA Comet Astrobiology Exploration Sample Return
References
Part II Facilities
Chapter 11 The NASA's Johnson Space Center Astromaterials facilities
Chapter Outlines
Abstract
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Principles of astromaterials curation
11.3 Current astromaterials collections and laboratories
11.4 Emerging collections
11.5 Conclusions and future perspectives
11.6 Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 12 The JAXA Planetary Material Sample Curation Facility
Chapter Outlines
Abstract
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Scientific requirements of the JAXA's Curation Center
12.3 Role of the Curation Center
12.4 Curation Center facility design
12.5 Clean room specifications
12.6 Clean chamber specifications
12.7 Operations at Curation Center
12.8 Current status of Hayabusa samples
12.9 New challenges and preparation for Hayabusa2
12.10 Conclusion
References
Chapter 13 A roadmap for a European extraterrestrial sample curation facility – the EURO─CARES project
Chapter Outlines
Abstract
13.1 Requirements for a European facility
13.2 The EURO-CARES project
13.3 Summary and key recommendations
13.4 Acknowledgements
References
Part III Techniques and technologies
Chapter 14 Collection of samples
Chapter Outlines
Abstract
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Asteroid sampling systems
14.3 Cometary material sampling systems
14.4 Sampling dust in space and in the upper Earth stratosphere
14.5 The future: planetary sampling systems
14.6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 15 Recovery and transport of samples
Chapter Outlines
Abstract
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Landing sites
15.3 Transport of samples in previous missions
15.4 Guidelines and regulatory issues for restricted samples packaging
15.5 Conclusions and future perspectives
15.6 Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 16 Techniques and instruments to analyze, characterize and study returned samples
Chapter Outlines
Abstract
16.1 Introduction: historical background
16.2 General presentation of the analytical techniques
16.3 Photon-based analytical techniques
16.4 Electron-based analytical techniques
16.5 Ion-based analytical techniques
16.6 Others
16.7 Complementary techniques in a multi-analytical sequence
16.8 Perspectives
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 17 Preservation of samples
Chapter Outlines
Abstract
17.1 Planetary Protection
17.2 Sample curation facilities
17.3 Technologies for samples preservation in unrestricted and restricted missions
17.4 Conclusions
References
Part IV The future
Chapter 18 Lessons learned and future perspectives
Abstract
Index

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Sample Return Missions

The Last Frontier of Solar System Exploration

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Andrea Longobardo

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