Renewable Energy and Process Plant's Piping and Equipment Estimating Manual
- 1st Edition - January 1, 2026
- Imprint: Elsevier
- Author: Kenneth Storm
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 4 5 6 8 1 - 7
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 4 5 6 8 2 - 4
Renewable Energy and Process Plant's Piping and Equipment Estimating Manual is an innovative, comprehensive manual that integrates contributions in construction estimating with p… Read more
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Renewable Energy and Process Plant's Piping and Equipment Estimating Manual is an innovative, comprehensive manual that integrates contributions in construction estimating with practical, data-driven methodologies. Storm presents proven techniques for accurately calculating piping and equipment man-hours, significantly reducing both the time and costs associated with project planning and execution. This practical reference offers a detailed exploration of modern estimation practices, emphasizing reliability and simplicity, while incorporating statistical tools, data, and advanced Excel models to support precise, repeatable results. The manual addresses the complex demands of renewable energy projects—including solar, geothermal, biomass, and green hydrogen facilities—by providing tailored procedures, equipment scopes, and man-hour breakdowns that account for variability in design and scope. Its strategic focus enables estimators to generate dependable estimates that align closely with actual field data, facilitating better resource allocation and project management. The book is organized into seventeen chapters, beginning with foundational principles of process plant estimating, including models, labor productivity analysis, and scope of work determination. It covers detailed procedures for process and shop fabrication piping, covering a wide array of plant types from combined cycle power stations to specialty facilities like ethanol, hydrogen, and geothermal plants. It explores major equipment estimates for power plants—both combined and simple cycle—along with specific sections dedicated to critical components such as waste heat boilers, condensers, and structural steel. It extends into specialized sectors like pulp and paper, wastewater treatment, and industrial package boilers. Notably, dedicated chapters on renewable energy plants—including biomass, solar thermal, geothermal, and green hydrogen—provide targeted strategies for estimating the construction and installation of equipment in these growing fields. The inclusion of sample estimates and statistical applications offers readers practical examples and analytical techniques to refine accuracy, making this a vital reference for professionals engaged in complex project planning and execution.
Renewable Energy and Process Plant's Piping and Equipment Estimating Manual is an indispensable resource for a broad range of professionals involved in the design, construction, and management of industrial and renewable energy projects. Construction estimators, project managers, engineers, and cost analysts will find this manual invaluable for developing reliable, efficient, and cost-effective estimates. The book’s practical approach helps users quickly produce precise man-hour estimates, reduce errors, and streamline bidding processes, all while maintaining a clear understanding of project scope and resource requirements. Whether working in the field or in an office, professionals will benefit from its comprehensive coverage of estimation techniques, detailed procedural guidance, and advanced analytical tools, ensuring they stay competitive in an increasingly demanding industry.
Renewable Energy and Process Plant's Piping and Equipment Estimating Manual is an indispensable resource for a broad range of professionals involved in the design, construction, and management of industrial and renewable energy projects. Construction estimators, project managers, engineers, and cost analysts will find this manual invaluable for developing reliable, efficient, and cost-effective estimates. The book’s practical approach helps users quickly produce precise man-hour estimates, reduce errors, and streamline bidding processes, all while maintaining a clear understanding of project scope and resource requirements. Whether working in the field or in an office, professionals will benefit from its comprehensive coverage of estimation techniques, detailed procedural guidance, and advanced analytical tools, ensuring they stay competitive in an increasingly demanding industry.
- Explains proven, straightforward methods for accurately estimating piping and equipment man-hours, reducing time and cost in project preparation
- Provides comprehensive coverage of renewable energy and industrial process plants, including solar, geothermal, biomass, hydrogen, and power generation facilities
- Utilizes historical data, statistical tools, and Excel spreadsheets to enhance estimate reliability and support data-driven decision-making
- Includes detailed procedures, equipment scopes, and man-hour breakdowns tailored specifically for complex renewable energy and process plant projects
- Serves as an essential reference for construction contractors, estimators, engineers, and project managers, bridging practical application with advanced analytical techniques
Estimators, Project field engineers, Cost engineers and Project managers (professionals directly involved in setting up and managing cost data, preparing bid proposals, RFPs, and change orders, and utilizing computer systems for data analysis and project management within the construction and energy industries, with a focus on the growing renewables market)
Preface
1 Process Plant Estimating
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Construction Estimate
1.3 Models
1.4 Labor productivity analysis
1.5 Data collection and regression analysis
1.6 Scope of work and erection sequence
1.7 Coding
1.8 Productivity measurement
1.9 Detailed estimate
1.10 Unit method
1.11 Unit-quantity model
1.12 Excel estimate spreadsheet for the unit quantity model
1.13 Comparison Method
1.14 Factors affecting labor productivity and impacts of overtime
2 Process and Shop Fabrication Piping
2.1 Section Introduction - Piping Schedules and Tables
2.2 Piping Section General Notes
2.3 Schedule A - Combined Cycle Power Plant Piping
2.4 Schedule B - Simple Cycle Power Plant Piping
2.5 Schedule C - Tank Farm Piping
2.6 Schedule D - Brewery, Food Processing Plants
2.7 Schedule E - Compressor Station Piping
2.8 Schedule F- Pulp & Paper Plant
2.9 Schedule G-Industrial Package Boiler
2.10 Schedule H-Hydrogen Plant
2.11 Schedule I-Solar Power Plant
2.12 Schedule J-Biomass Plant
2.13 Schedule K-Ethanol Plant
2.14 Schedule L-Water Treatment Plant
2.15 Schedule M-Geothermal Plant
2.16 Schedule N -Industrial Plant Piping
2.17 Schedule O-Underground Drainage Piping for Industrial Plants
2.18 Schedule P-Simple Foundations for Industrial Plants
2.19 Schedule Q-Pipe Supports and Hangers
2.20 Schedule U Alloy and Non-Ferrous Weld Factors
2.21 Standard & Line Pipe-Wall Thickness
Shop Fabrication 2.22 Shop Fabrication
2.23 Carbon Steel Man-Hour Tables
2.24 Stainless Steel Man-Hour Tables
2.25 Chrome Labor Tables
2.26 Socket Welds, Carbon Steel
2.27 Socket Welds Stainless Steel
2.28 Shop Estimating Process
2.29 Shop Data
2.30 Verify Shop Data Report
Process Plants
3 Combined Cycle Power Plant Equipment
3.1 Scope of Field Work Required for Each F Class CTG
3.2 F Class CTG Estimate
3.3 F Class CTG-Equipment Installation Man Hours
3.4 General Scope of Field Work for Each Reheat Double Flow STG, Sheet 1
3.4 General Scope of Field Work for Each Reheat Double Flow STG, Sheet 2
3.4 General Scope of Field Work for Each Reheat Double Flow STG, Sheet 2
3.5 Double Flow STG Estimate
3.6 Reheat Double Flow STG-Installation Man Hours
3.7 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each Three Wide HRSG
3.8 HRSG-Triple Pressure, Three Wide Estimate
3.9 HRSG Triple Pressure; Three Wide-Installation Man Hours
3.10 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each Double Wide HRSG
3.11 HRSG-Triple Pressure, Double Wide Estimate
3.12 HRSG Triple Pressure; Double Wide-Installation Man Hours
3.13 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each Single Wide HRSG
3.14 HRSG Double Pressure Single Wide Estimate
3,15 HRSG Double Pressure; Single Wide-Installation Man Hours
3.16 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each Single Pressure MAWP HRSG
3.17 HRSG-Single Pressure, Double Wide Estimate
3.18 HRSG Single Pressure; Double Wide-Installation Man Hours
3.19 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each Air-Cooled Condenser
3.20 Air Cooled Condenser Estimate
3.21 Air Cooled Condenser-Installation Man Hours
3.22 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each Surface Condenser
3.23 Surface Condenser Estimate
2.24 Surface Condenser-Equipment Installation Man Hours
3.25 Structural Steel Man Hour Table
3.26 COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT
4 Simple Cycle Power Plant Major Equipment
4.1 LM 6000 Gas Turbine Generator Set and SCR
4.2 General Scope of Field Work Required for LM 6000 Gas Turbine Generator
4.3 LM 6000 Turbine Generator Estimate
4.4 LM 6000 Turbine Generator-Equipment Installation Man Hours SCR
4.5 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each SCR
4.6 Selective Catalytic Reduction Estimate
4.7 Selective Catalytic Reduction-Equipment Installation Man Hours
Chiller & Cooling Tower
4.8 Chiller and Cooling Tower Equipment Estimate
4.9 Chiller and Cooling Tower-Equipment Installation Man Hours
4.10 Balance of Plant Equipment Estimate
4.11 Balance of Plant-Equipment Installation Man Hours
5 Hydrogen Plant Major Equipment
5.1 Steam Methane Reformer & Pressure Swing Adsorbers (PSAs)
5.2 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each SMR Steam Methane Reformer
5.3 Refinery/Hydrogen Plant Equipment Estimate
5.4 96 MMSCFD SMR Steam Methane Reformer - Equipment Installation Man Hours
5.5 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each Pressure Swing Adsorbers (PSA)
5.6 Pressure Swing Adsorber Equipment Estimate
5.7 Pressure Swing Adsorber (PSA) - Equipment Installation Man Hours
5.8 Structural Steel Man Hour Table
5.9 WHR Structural Steel Installation Estimate
5.10 WHR Structural Steel - Structural Steel Installation Man Hours
5.11 General Scope of Field Work Required for Waste Heat Recovery Equipment
5.12 Waste Heat Recovery Equipment Estimate
5.13 Waste Heat Recovery Equipment - Equipment Installation Man Hours
5.14 Hydrogen Plant Major Equipment Man Hour Breakdown
5.15 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each Electric Static Precipitator (ESP)
5.16 Electric Static Precipitator Equipment Estimate
5.17 Electric Static Precipitator Equipment - Equipment Installation Man Hours
6 Compressor Station Major Equipment
6.1 Compressor Equipment Estimate
6.2 Compressor Station-Equipment Installation Man Hours
6.3 Compressor Equipment Installation Estimate
6.4 Cooling System-Equipment Installation Man Hours
7 Ethanol Plant Major Equipment
7.1 General Scope of Field Work Required for Biomass Handling and Bagasse Storage
7.2 Equipment Installation Estimate
7.3 Biomass Handling and Bagasse Storage-Equipment Installation Man Hours
7.4 General Scope of Field Work Required for Pretreatment
7.5 Equipment Installation Estimate
7.6 Pretreatment-Equipment Installation Man Hours
7.7 General Scope of Field Work Required for Viscosity Reduction
7.8 Equipment Installation Estimate
7.9 Viscosity Reduction-Equipment Installation Man Hours
7.10 General Scope of Field Work Required for Fermentation
7.11 Equipment Installation Estimate
7.12 Fermentation-Equipment Installation Man Hours`
7.13 General Scope of Field Work Required for Distillation and Dehydration
7.14 General Scope of Field Work Required for Distillation and Dehydration
7.15 Equipment Installation Estimate
7.16 Distillation & Dehydration-Equipment Installation Man Hours
7.17 General Scope of Field Work Required for Ethanol Storage and Loading
7.18 Equipment Installation Estimate
7.19 Ethanol Storage and Loading-Equipment Installation Man Hours
7.20 General Scope of Field Work Required for Chemical Storage
7.21 Equipment Installation Estimate
7.22 Chemical Storage-Equipment Installation Man Hours
7.23 General Scope of Field Work Required for Lignin Separation
7.24 Equipment Installation Estimate
7.25 Lignin Separation-Equipment Installation Man Hours
7.26 General Scope of Field Work Required for Lignin Storage & Handling
7.27 Equipment Installation Estimate
7.28 Lignin Storage & Handling-Equipment Installation Man Hours
7.29 General Scope of Field Work Required for Wastewater Treatment
7.30 Equipment Installation Estimate
7.31 Wastewater Treatment-Equipment Installation Man Hours
7.32 General Scope of Field Work Required for Utilities
7.33 Equipment Installation Estimate
7.34 Utilities-Equipment Installation Man Hours
7.35 General Scope of Field Work Required for Package Boiler
7.36 Equipment Installation Estimate
7.37 Package Boiler-Equipment Installation Man Hours
7.38 Ethanol Plant Major Equipment Man Hour Breakdown
8 Waste heat boiler
8.1 Equipment descriptions
8.2 General scope of field work required for each 400,000lb./hr.
8.3 Waste heat boiler installation estimate
8.4 Waste heat boiler—Equipment installation man-hours
8.5 Scope of field work required for structural steel and boiler casing
8.6 Structural steel installation estimate
8.7 Structural steel and boiler casing-equipment installation man hour
9 Pulp and paper
9.1 Recovery boiler
9.2 Reheat recovery boiler
9.3 General scope of field work required for each recovery boiler sheet 1
9.4 General scope of field work required for each recovery boiler sheet 2
9.5 Recovery boiler installation estimate
9.6 Recovery boiler installation man-hours
9.7 General scope of field work required for each reheat recovery boiler sheet 1
9.8 General scope of field work required for each reheat recovery boiler sheet 2
9.9 General scope of field work required for each reheat recovery boiler
9.10 Reheat recovery boiler installation estimate
9.11 Reheat recovery boiler installation man-hours
10 Industrial package boilers
10.1 Industrial package boilers
10.2 General scope of field work required for each D-type package
10.3 D-type package boiler installation estimate
10.4 D-type package boiler installation man-hours Estimated
10.5 General scope of field work required for each field erected
10.6 Field erected package boiler installation estimate
10.7 Field erected package boiler installation man-hours estimated
10.8 General scope of field work required for each air heater
10.9 Air heater installation estimate
10.10 Air heater installation man-hours
10.12 FD fan installation estimate
10.13 FD Fan Installation Man-Hours
10.14 Field erected package boiler man-hour breakdown
11 Wastewater treatment plant
11.1 Wastewater treatment plant
11.2 Plant equipment installation estimate
11.3 Pumps and mixers installation estimate
11.4 Plant equipment installation man-hours
11.5 Treatment plant equipment installation estimate
11.6 Plant equipment installation man-hours
11.7 Piping installation estimate
11.8 Plant Piping installation man-hours
11.9 Concrete installation estimate
11.10 Concrete installation man-hours
11.11 Weir beam installation estimate
11.12 Weir beam installation man-hours
Renewable Energy Power Plants
12 Biomass Plant Major Equipment
12.1 Equipment Descriptions
12.2 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each 400,000 lb. Waste Heat Boiler
12.3 Waste Heat Boiler Estimate
12.4 Waste Heat Boiler-Equipment Installation Man Hours
12.5 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each Stoker
12.6 Stoker Equipment Estimate
12.7 Stoker-Equipment Installation Man Hours
12.8 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each Economizer
12.9 Economizer Equipment Installation Estimate
12.10 Economizer-Equipment Installation Man Hours
12.11 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each Precipitator
12.12 Equipment Installation Estimate
12.13 Precipitator-Equipment Installation Man Hours
12.14 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each Mechanical Collector
12.15 Equipment Installation Estimate
12.16 Mechanical Collector-Equipment Installation Man Hours
12.17 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each CO and NOx Removal System
12.17 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each CO and NOx Removal System
12.18 Equipment Installation Estimate
12.19 CO and NOx Removal System-Equipment Installation Man Hours
12.20 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each Wet Scrubber
12.21 Equipment Installation Estimate
12.22 Wet Scrubber-Equipment Installation Man Hours
12.23 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each Tabular Air Heater Modules
12.24 Equipment Installation Estimate
12.25 Tubular Air Heater Modules-Equipment Installation Man Hours
12.26 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each Stack
12.27 Equipment Installation Estimate
12.28 Stack-Equipment Installation Man Hours
12.29 General Scope of Field Work Required for Fuel Feeding Equipment
12.30 Equipment Installation Estimate
12.31 Fuel Feeding Equipment-Equipment Installation Man Hours
12.32 General Scope of Field Work Required for Bottom Ash Drag System
12.33 Equipment Installation Estimate
12.34 Bottom Ash Drag System-Equipment Installation Man Hours
12.35 General Scope of Field Work Required For ID, OFA, FD and Spout Air Fan
12.36 Equipment Installation Estimate
12.37 ID, OFA, FD and Spout Air Fan-Equipment Installation Man Hours
12.38 General Scope of Field Work Required for Ductwork
12.39 Equipment Installation Estimate
12.40 ID, OFA, FD, Under Fire and Over Fire Ductwork-Equipment Installation Man Hours
12.41 STRUCTURAL STEEL & MISCELLANEOUS IRON
12.42 General Scope of Field Work Required for Structural Steel and Boiler Casing
12.43 Equipment Installation Estimate
12.44 Structural Steel and Boiler Casing-Equipment Installation Man Hours
12.45 Biomass Plant Major Equipment Man Hour Breakdown
13 Geothermal Power Plant
13.1 Geothermal steam power plant
13.2 Scope of field work for surface condenser
13.3 Surface condenser installation estimate
13.4 Surface condenser equipment installation man-hours
14 Solar thermal power plant
14.1 Solar thermal power plant
14.2 General scope of field work required for each receiver
14.3 Receiver installation estimate
14.4 Receiver installation man hours
14.5 General scope of field work required for receiver panel assemblies
14.6 Receiver panel assembly installation estimate
14.7 Receiver panel assembly installation estimate
14.8 General scope of field work required for thermal enclosure
14.9 Receiver thermal enclosure installation estimate
14.10 General scope of field work required for heat shield set
14.11 Receiver heat shields set installation estimate
14.12 General scope of field work required for cranes, vents and trays
14.13 Receiver cranes, vents and trays installation estimate
14.13 Receiver cranes, vents and trays installation estimate
14.14 Receiver panel assembly installation man hours
14.15 General scope of field work required for each air-cooled condenser
14.16 Air cooled condenser installation estimate
14.17 Air cooled condenser installation man hour
14.18 Solar plant equipment man hour breakdown
15 Green Hydrogen Plant Major Equipment
15.1 Green Hydrogen Plant
15.2 General scope of field work for H2 Compression System
15.3 Compression System Equipment Installation estimate
15.4 Compression System Equipment Installation Man Hours
15.5 General scope of field work for Hydrogen Liquefaction Plant
15.6 Hydrogen Liquefaction Plant Installation estimate
15.7 Hydrogen Liquefaction Plant Installation Man Hours
15.8 General scope of field work for Electrolyze
15.9 Electrolyze Installation estimate
15.10 Electrolyze Installation Man Hours
15.11 General scope of field work for Electrical Equipment
15.12 Electrical Equipment Installation estimate
15.13 Electrical Equipment Installation Man Hours
16 Sample Estimates
16.1 Section Introduction
16.2 Sample Process Piping Estimate Form
16.3 Estimate for HRSG-Three Wide HP Piping and Supports
16.4 Man Hours for HRSG-Three Wide HP Piping and Supports
16.5 Estimate for STG Gland Steam Pipe
16.6 Man Hours for STG Gland Steam Pipe
16.7 Estimate for CTG Cooling Air/Compressor Bleed Pipe
16.8 Man Hours for CTG Cooling Air/Compressor Bleed Pipe
16.9 Estimate for Compressor Station Pipe
16.10 Man Hours for Compressor Station Pipe
16.11 Estimate for Assembly Receiver Tower IC Pipe
16.12 Man Hours for Assembly Receiver Tower Interconnecting Pipe
16.13 Sample Equipment Estimate Form
16.14 Field Erect HRSG-Double Pressure Single Wide
16.15 HRSG Double Pressure; Single Wide-Installation Man Hours
16.16 Waste Heat Boiler, 500,000 lb./hr. Installation Estimate
16.17 Waste Heat Boiler-Pressure Parts and Piping Installation Man Hours
16.18 Comparison Method - Air Cooled Condenser Upper Structure A-Frame Structural
16.19 Comparison and Graphic Analysis of Data
16.20 LM 6000 Turbine Generator Equipment Installation Estimate
16.21 LM 6000 Turbine Generator-Equipment Installation Man Hours
16.22 Renewable Energy - Piping and Equipment Examples
16.23 Sample estimate for Stack - Biomass Plant
16.24 Stack Installation Estimate MH's
16.25 Sample estimate for ACC fan inlet cowl and fan screens
16.26 ACC—fan inlet cowl and fan screens Installation MH's
16.27 Sample estimate for assembly receiver tower IC pipe - Solar Plant
16.28 Man hours for assembly receiver tower IC pipe
17 Statistical Applications to Construction17.1 Introduction
17.2 Graphical analysis of process piping and equipment
17.3 Graphical analysis of process piping
17.4 Graphical analysis for equipment
17.5 Moving Average
17.6 Simple moving average forecast
17.7 Simple exponential smoothing forecast
17.8 Application of the learning curve in construct
Appendix A - Statistical and mathematical formulas
Appendix B - Excel functions and mathematical functions
Appendix C - Formulas- Areas and Volumes
Appendix D - Standard to metric
Glossary
Labor Factors
Definitions for Productivity Analysis
Piping abbreviation
1 Process Plant Estimating
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Construction Estimate
1.3 Models
1.4 Labor productivity analysis
1.5 Data collection and regression analysis
1.6 Scope of work and erection sequence
1.7 Coding
1.8 Productivity measurement
1.9 Detailed estimate
1.10 Unit method
1.11 Unit-quantity model
1.12 Excel estimate spreadsheet for the unit quantity model
1.13 Comparison Method
1.14 Factors affecting labor productivity and impacts of overtime
2 Process and Shop Fabrication Piping
2.1 Section Introduction - Piping Schedules and Tables
2.2 Piping Section General Notes
2.3 Schedule A - Combined Cycle Power Plant Piping
2.4 Schedule B - Simple Cycle Power Plant Piping
2.5 Schedule C - Tank Farm Piping
2.6 Schedule D - Brewery, Food Processing Plants
2.7 Schedule E - Compressor Station Piping
2.8 Schedule F- Pulp & Paper Plant
2.9 Schedule G-Industrial Package Boiler
2.10 Schedule H-Hydrogen Plant
2.11 Schedule I-Solar Power Plant
2.12 Schedule J-Biomass Plant
2.13 Schedule K-Ethanol Plant
2.14 Schedule L-Water Treatment Plant
2.15 Schedule M-Geothermal Plant
2.16 Schedule N -Industrial Plant Piping
2.17 Schedule O-Underground Drainage Piping for Industrial Plants
2.18 Schedule P-Simple Foundations for Industrial Plants
2.19 Schedule Q-Pipe Supports and Hangers
2.20 Schedule U Alloy and Non-Ferrous Weld Factors
2.21 Standard & Line Pipe-Wall Thickness
Shop Fabrication 2.22 Shop Fabrication
2.23 Carbon Steel Man-Hour Tables
2.24 Stainless Steel Man-Hour Tables
2.25 Chrome Labor Tables
2.26 Socket Welds, Carbon Steel
2.27 Socket Welds Stainless Steel
2.28 Shop Estimating Process
2.29 Shop Data
2.30 Verify Shop Data Report
Process Plants
3 Combined Cycle Power Plant Equipment
3.1 Scope of Field Work Required for Each F Class CTG
3.2 F Class CTG Estimate
3.3 F Class CTG-Equipment Installation Man Hours
3.4 General Scope of Field Work for Each Reheat Double Flow STG, Sheet 1
3.4 General Scope of Field Work for Each Reheat Double Flow STG, Sheet 2
3.4 General Scope of Field Work for Each Reheat Double Flow STG, Sheet 2
3.5 Double Flow STG Estimate
3.6 Reheat Double Flow STG-Installation Man Hours
3.7 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each Three Wide HRSG
3.8 HRSG-Triple Pressure, Three Wide Estimate
3.9 HRSG Triple Pressure; Three Wide-Installation Man Hours
3.10 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each Double Wide HRSG
3.11 HRSG-Triple Pressure, Double Wide Estimate
3.12 HRSG Triple Pressure; Double Wide-Installation Man Hours
3.13 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each Single Wide HRSG
3.14 HRSG Double Pressure Single Wide Estimate
3,15 HRSG Double Pressure; Single Wide-Installation Man Hours
3.16 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each Single Pressure MAWP HRSG
3.17 HRSG-Single Pressure, Double Wide Estimate
3.18 HRSG Single Pressure; Double Wide-Installation Man Hours
3.19 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each Air-Cooled Condenser
3.20 Air Cooled Condenser Estimate
3.21 Air Cooled Condenser-Installation Man Hours
3.22 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each Surface Condenser
3.23 Surface Condenser Estimate
2.24 Surface Condenser-Equipment Installation Man Hours
3.25 Structural Steel Man Hour Table
3.26 COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT
4 Simple Cycle Power Plant Major Equipment
4.1 LM 6000 Gas Turbine Generator Set and SCR
4.2 General Scope of Field Work Required for LM 6000 Gas Turbine Generator
4.3 LM 6000 Turbine Generator Estimate
4.4 LM 6000 Turbine Generator-Equipment Installation Man Hours SCR
4.5 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each SCR
4.6 Selective Catalytic Reduction Estimate
4.7 Selective Catalytic Reduction-Equipment Installation Man Hours
Chiller & Cooling Tower
4.8 Chiller and Cooling Tower Equipment Estimate
4.9 Chiller and Cooling Tower-Equipment Installation Man Hours
4.10 Balance of Plant Equipment Estimate
4.11 Balance of Plant-Equipment Installation Man Hours
5 Hydrogen Plant Major Equipment
5.1 Steam Methane Reformer & Pressure Swing Adsorbers (PSAs)
5.2 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each SMR Steam Methane Reformer
5.3 Refinery/Hydrogen Plant Equipment Estimate
5.4 96 MMSCFD SMR Steam Methane Reformer - Equipment Installation Man Hours
5.5 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each Pressure Swing Adsorbers (PSA)
5.6 Pressure Swing Adsorber Equipment Estimate
5.7 Pressure Swing Adsorber (PSA) - Equipment Installation Man Hours
5.8 Structural Steel Man Hour Table
5.9 WHR Structural Steel Installation Estimate
5.10 WHR Structural Steel - Structural Steel Installation Man Hours
5.11 General Scope of Field Work Required for Waste Heat Recovery Equipment
5.12 Waste Heat Recovery Equipment Estimate
5.13 Waste Heat Recovery Equipment - Equipment Installation Man Hours
5.14 Hydrogen Plant Major Equipment Man Hour Breakdown
5.15 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each Electric Static Precipitator (ESP)
5.16 Electric Static Precipitator Equipment Estimate
5.17 Electric Static Precipitator Equipment - Equipment Installation Man Hours
6 Compressor Station Major Equipment
6.1 Compressor Equipment Estimate
6.2 Compressor Station-Equipment Installation Man Hours
6.3 Compressor Equipment Installation Estimate
6.4 Cooling System-Equipment Installation Man Hours
7 Ethanol Plant Major Equipment
7.1 General Scope of Field Work Required for Biomass Handling and Bagasse Storage
7.2 Equipment Installation Estimate
7.3 Biomass Handling and Bagasse Storage-Equipment Installation Man Hours
7.4 General Scope of Field Work Required for Pretreatment
7.5 Equipment Installation Estimate
7.6 Pretreatment-Equipment Installation Man Hours
7.7 General Scope of Field Work Required for Viscosity Reduction
7.8 Equipment Installation Estimate
7.9 Viscosity Reduction-Equipment Installation Man Hours
7.10 General Scope of Field Work Required for Fermentation
7.11 Equipment Installation Estimate
7.12 Fermentation-Equipment Installation Man Hours`
7.13 General Scope of Field Work Required for Distillation and Dehydration
7.14 General Scope of Field Work Required for Distillation and Dehydration
7.15 Equipment Installation Estimate
7.16 Distillation & Dehydration-Equipment Installation Man Hours
7.17 General Scope of Field Work Required for Ethanol Storage and Loading
7.18 Equipment Installation Estimate
7.19 Ethanol Storage and Loading-Equipment Installation Man Hours
7.20 General Scope of Field Work Required for Chemical Storage
7.21 Equipment Installation Estimate
7.22 Chemical Storage-Equipment Installation Man Hours
7.23 General Scope of Field Work Required for Lignin Separation
7.24 Equipment Installation Estimate
7.25 Lignin Separation-Equipment Installation Man Hours
7.26 General Scope of Field Work Required for Lignin Storage & Handling
7.27 Equipment Installation Estimate
7.28 Lignin Storage & Handling-Equipment Installation Man Hours
7.29 General Scope of Field Work Required for Wastewater Treatment
7.30 Equipment Installation Estimate
7.31 Wastewater Treatment-Equipment Installation Man Hours
7.32 General Scope of Field Work Required for Utilities
7.33 Equipment Installation Estimate
7.34 Utilities-Equipment Installation Man Hours
7.35 General Scope of Field Work Required for Package Boiler
7.36 Equipment Installation Estimate
7.37 Package Boiler-Equipment Installation Man Hours
7.38 Ethanol Plant Major Equipment Man Hour Breakdown
8 Waste heat boiler
8.1 Equipment descriptions
8.2 General scope of field work required for each 400,000lb./hr.
8.3 Waste heat boiler installation estimate
8.4 Waste heat boiler—Equipment installation man-hours
8.5 Scope of field work required for structural steel and boiler casing
8.6 Structural steel installation estimate
8.7 Structural steel and boiler casing-equipment installation man hour
9 Pulp and paper
9.1 Recovery boiler
9.2 Reheat recovery boiler
9.3 General scope of field work required for each recovery boiler sheet 1
9.4 General scope of field work required for each recovery boiler sheet 2
9.5 Recovery boiler installation estimate
9.6 Recovery boiler installation man-hours
9.7 General scope of field work required for each reheat recovery boiler sheet 1
9.8 General scope of field work required for each reheat recovery boiler sheet 2
9.9 General scope of field work required for each reheat recovery boiler
9.10 Reheat recovery boiler installation estimate
9.11 Reheat recovery boiler installation man-hours
10 Industrial package boilers
10.1 Industrial package boilers
10.2 General scope of field work required for each D-type package
10.3 D-type package boiler installation estimate
10.4 D-type package boiler installation man-hours Estimated
10.5 General scope of field work required for each field erected
10.6 Field erected package boiler installation estimate
10.7 Field erected package boiler installation man-hours estimated
10.8 General scope of field work required for each air heater
10.9 Air heater installation estimate
10.10 Air heater installation man-hours
10.12 FD fan installation estimate
10.13 FD Fan Installation Man-Hours
10.14 Field erected package boiler man-hour breakdown
11 Wastewater treatment plant
11.1 Wastewater treatment plant
11.2 Plant equipment installation estimate
11.3 Pumps and mixers installation estimate
11.4 Plant equipment installation man-hours
11.5 Treatment plant equipment installation estimate
11.6 Plant equipment installation man-hours
11.7 Piping installation estimate
11.8 Plant Piping installation man-hours
11.9 Concrete installation estimate
11.10 Concrete installation man-hours
11.11 Weir beam installation estimate
11.12 Weir beam installation man-hours
Renewable Energy Power Plants
12 Biomass Plant Major Equipment
12.1 Equipment Descriptions
12.2 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each 400,000 lb. Waste Heat Boiler
12.3 Waste Heat Boiler Estimate
12.4 Waste Heat Boiler-Equipment Installation Man Hours
12.5 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each Stoker
12.6 Stoker Equipment Estimate
12.7 Stoker-Equipment Installation Man Hours
12.8 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each Economizer
12.9 Economizer Equipment Installation Estimate
12.10 Economizer-Equipment Installation Man Hours
12.11 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each Precipitator
12.12 Equipment Installation Estimate
12.13 Precipitator-Equipment Installation Man Hours
12.14 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each Mechanical Collector
12.15 Equipment Installation Estimate
12.16 Mechanical Collector-Equipment Installation Man Hours
12.17 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each CO and NOx Removal System
12.17 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each CO and NOx Removal System
12.18 Equipment Installation Estimate
12.19 CO and NOx Removal System-Equipment Installation Man Hours
12.20 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each Wet Scrubber
12.21 Equipment Installation Estimate
12.22 Wet Scrubber-Equipment Installation Man Hours
12.23 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each Tabular Air Heater Modules
12.24 Equipment Installation Estimate
12.25 Tubular Air Heater Modules-Equipment Installation Man Hours
12.26 General Scope of Field Work Required for Each Stack
12.27 Equipment Installation Estimate
12.28 Stack-Equipment Installation Man Hours
12.29 General Scope of Field Work Required for Fuel Feeding Equipment
12.30 Equipment Installation Estimate
12.31 Fuel Feeding Equipment-Equipment Installation Man Hours
12.32 General Scope of Field Work Required for Bottom Ash Drag System
12.33 Equipment Installation Estimate
12.34 Bottom Ash Drag System-Equipment Installation Man Hours
12.35 General Scope of Field Work Required For ID, OFA, FD and Spout Air Fan
12.36 Equipment Installation Estimate
12.37 ID, OFA, FD and Spout Air Fan-Equipment Installation Man Hours
12.38 General Scope of Field Work Required for Ductwork
12.39 Equipment Installation Estimate
12.40 ID, OFA, FD, Under Fire and Over Fire Ductwork-Equipment Installation Man Hours
12.41 STRUCTURAL STEEL & MISCELLANEOUS IRON
12.42 General Scope of Field Work Required for Structural Steel and Boiler Casing
12.43 Equipment Installation Estimate
12.44 Structural Steel and Boiler Casing-Equipment Installation Man Hours
12.45 Biomass Plant Major Equipment Man Hour Breakdown
13 Geothermal Power Plant
13.1 Geothermal steam power plant
13.2 Scope of field work for surface condenser
13.3 Surface condenser installation estimate
13.4 Surface condenser equipment installation man-hours
14 Solar thermal power plant
14.1 Solar thermal power plant
14.2 General scope of field work required for each receiver
14.3 Receiver installation estimate
14.4 Receiver installation man hours
14.5 General scope of field work required for receiver panel assemblies
14.6 Receiver panel assembly installation estimate
14.7 Receiver panel assembly installation estimate
14.8 General scope of field work required for thermal enclosure
14.9 Receiver thermal enclosure installation estimate
14.10 General scope of field work required for heat shield set
14.11 Receiver heat shields set installation estimate
14.12 General scope of field work required for cranes, vents and trays
14.13 Receiver cranes, vents and trays installation estimate
14.13 Receiver cranes, vents and trays installation estimate
14.14 Receiver panel assembly installation man hours
14.15 General scope of field work required for each air-cooled condenser
14.16 Air cooled condenser installation estimate
14.17 Air cooled condenser installation man hour
14.18 Solar plant equipment man hour breakdown
15 Green Hydrogen Plant Major Equipment
15.1 Green Hydrogen Plant
15.2 General scope of field work for H2 Compression System
15.3 Compression System Equipment Installation estimate
15.4 Compression System Equipment Installation Man Hours
15.5 General scope of field work for Hydrogen Liquefaction Plant
15.6 Hydrogen Liquefaction Plant Installation estimate
15.7 Hydrogen Liquefaction Plant Installation Man Hours
15.8 General scope of field work for Electrolyze
15.9 Electrolyze Installation estimate
15.10 Electrolyze Installation Man Hours
15.11 General scope of field work for Electrical Equipment
15.12 Electrical Equipment Installation estimate
15.13 Electrical Equipment Installation Man Hours
16 Sample Estimates
16.1 Section Introduction
16.2 Sample Process Piping Estimate Form
16.3 Estimate for HRSG-Three Wide HP Piping and Supports
16.4 Man Hours for HRSG-Three Wide HP Piping and Supports
16.5 Estimate for STG Gland Steam Pipe
16.6 Man Hours for STG Gland Steam Pipe
16.7 Estimate for CTG Cooling Air/Compressor Bleed Pipe
16.8 Man Hours for CTG Cooling Air/Compressor Bleed Pipe
16.9 Estimate for Compressor Station Pipe
16.10 Man Hours for Compressor Station Pipe
16.11 Estimate for Assembly Receiver Tower IC Pipe
16.12 Man Hours for Assembly Receiver Tower Interconnecting Pipe
16.13 Sample Equipment Estimate Form
16.14 Field Erect HRSG-Double Pressure Single Wide
16.15 HRSG Double Pressure; Single Wide-Installation Man Hours
16.16 Waste Heat Boiler, 500,000 lb./hr. Installation Estimate
16.17 Waste Heat Boiler-Pressure Parts and Piping Installation Man Hours
16.18 Comparison Method - Air Cooled Condenser Upper Structure A-Frame Structural
16.19 Comparison and Graphic Analysis of Data
16.20 LM 6000 Turbine Generator Equipment Installation Estimate
16.21 LM 6000 Turbine Generator-Equipment Installation Man Hours
16.22 Renewable Energy - Piping and Equipment Examples
16.23 Sample estimate for Stack - Biomass Plant
16.24 Stack Installation Estimate MH's
16.25 Sample estimate for ACC fan inlet cowl and fan screens
16.26 ACC—fan inlet cowl and fan screens Installation MH's
16.27 Sample estimate for assembly receiver tower IC pipe - Solar Plant
16.28 Man hours for assembly receiver tower IC pipe
17 Statistical Applications to Construction17.1 Introduction
17.2 Graphical analysis of process piping and equipment
17.3 Graphical analysis of process piping
17.4 Graphical analysis for equipment
17.5 Moving Average
17.6 Simple moving average forecast
17.7 Simple exponential smoothing forecast
17.8 Application of the learning curve in construct
Appendix A - Statistical and mathematical formulas
Appendix B - Excel functions and mathematical functions
Appendix C - Formulas- Areas and Volumes
Appendix D - Standard to metric
Glossary
Labor Factors
Definitions for Productivity Analysis
Piping abbreviation
- Edition: 1
- Published: January 1, 2026
- Imprint: Elsevier
- Language: English
KS
Kenneth Storm
Kenneth Storm is currently an independent consultant for a US-based construction company, preparing construction estimates on a variety of projects such as power plants, oil refineries, petroleum industry tank farms, and compressors stations ranging in price from $500,000 to over $250 million in scope. Accumulating over 35 years of experience, he worked as a major project engineer and piping engineer for a variety of major companies. He graduated with a BS in mathematics and statistics from California State University, Chico. He is licensed and certified as a California General Engineering Contractor and a member of the American Mathematical Association.
Affiliations and expertise
Independent consultant, USA