Regulation of HMG-CoA Reductase

Contributors

Preface


1 Membrane-Mediated Control of Reductase Activity

I. Introduction

II. Regulation of HMG-CoA Reductase Activity

III. The Concept of Feedback Inhibition in Cholesterogenesis

IV. Relationship between Cellular Cholesterol Concentration and HMG-CoA Reductase Activity

V. Architectural Organization of Biological Membranes

VI. Modulation of HMG-CoA Reductase by Nonesterified Cholesterol

VII. Conclusions and Prospectives

References


2 Specific Nonsterol Inhibitors of HMG-CoA Reductase

I. Introduction

II. Isolation and Chemistry of Compactin (ML-236B)-Related Compounds

III. Inhibition of HMG-CoA Reductase

IV. Inhibition of Sterol and Other Isoprenoid Syntheses

V. Induction of HMG-CoA Reductase

VI. Growth Inhibition

VII. Compactin-Resistant Cells

VIII. Relationship between the Effects of Compactin and Oxygenated Sterols on HMG-CoA Reductase

IX. Hypocholesterolemic Activity

X. Summary and Conclusion

References


3 Reversible Phosphorylation of Hepatic HMG-CoA Reductase in Endocrine and Feedback Control of Cholesterol Biosynthesis

I. Introduction

II. Short-Term Control of HMG-CoA Reductase

III. Biological Significance of Reversible Phosphorylation of HMG-CoA Reductase

References


4 Studies on Purified Mammalian HMG-CoA Reductase and Regulation of Enzyme Activity

I. Introduction

II. Purification of HMG-CoA Reductase

III. Different Forms of HMG-CoA Reductase

IV. Structure of the Microsomal-Bound Enzyme

V. Enzyme Regulation

References


5 Regulation of HMG-CoA Reductase and the Biosynthesis of Nonsteroid Prenyl Derivatives

I. Introduction

II. Biosynthesis of Ubiquinone

III. Biosynthesis of Dolichols

IV. Isopentenyl Transfer RNA and Its Metabolites

V. Other Isoprenoid Derivatives of Mevalonate

VI. Overview of the Regulation of Isoprenoid Biosynthesis

References


6 Regulation of HMG-CoA Reductase in Extrahepatic Tissues

I. Introduction

II. Intestinal HMG-CoA Reductase

III. HMG-CoA Reductase in Steroid-Hormone-Producing Tissues

IV. Conclusions

References


7 Somatic Cell Genetic Analysis of Cholesterol Biosynthesis

I. Introduction

II. Cholesterol Auxotrophs

III. 25-Hydroxycholesterol-Resistant Mutants

IV. Compactin-Resistant Variants

V. Somatic Cell Mutants Defective in Internalization of Low Density Lipoprotein

VI. Analysis of the Effect of Membrane Cholesterol Levels on Membrane Structure and Function

References


8 Plasma Lipoproteins and 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A Reductase: A Status Report

I. Introduction

II. Plasma Lipoproteins

III. Lipoprotein Synthesis and Secretion

IV. Lipoprotein Dynamics

V. Intravascular Lipoprotein Metabolism

VI. Receptor-Mediated Uptake of Plasma Lipoproteins

VII. Nonreceptor-Mediated Cellular Uptake of Cholesterol and Lipoproteins

VIII. Regulation of Gene Expression

IX. Summary and Future Directions

References


9 Regulation of HMG-CoA Reductase in Human Liver

I. Introduction

II. Overall Aspects of Cholesterol Metabolism in Humans

III. Assay and Properties of Hepatic Microsomal HMG-CoA Reductase in Humans

IV. Studies on Clinical Conditions

V. Studies Using Experimental Perturbations

VI. Conclusions and Implications for Future Work

References

Reductase: Future Directions

Index