Rapid Sensory Profiling Techniques

Applications in New Product Development and Consumer Research

2nd Edition - November 1, 2022
Imprint: Woodhead Publishing
Editors: Julien Delarue, J. Ben Lawlor
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 1 9 3 6 - 2
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 1 9 3 7 - 9

Rapid Sensory Profiling Techniques: Applications in New Product Development and Consumer Research, Second Edition presents the latest findings and recommendations on the proper… Read more

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Rapid Sensory Profiling Techniques: Applications in New Product Development and Consumer Research, Second Edition presents the latest findings and recommendations on the proper choice and use of rapid product profiling methods. Each chapter is written by a key opinion leader on a specific method with discussions on theory, pros, cons and the application of each method that is demonstrated through a case study. This valuable resource educates and empowers those working in research and development on how to meet shorter product turnaround times at lower cost and with no compromise on quality.

This book is not just needed by the scientific community, it is an essential must have in an industry challenged by a "speed to market" mantra.

Cover Image
Title Page
Copyright
Table of Contents
Contributors
Preface to the second edition of Rapid Methods
Part One Evolution of the methods used for sensory profiling
Chapter 1 The use of rapid sensory methods in R&D and research: An introduction
1.1 Introduction and context
1.2 Methodological evolution
1.3 Consequences on sensory activities
1.4 Conclusions
References
Chapter 2 Alternative methods of sensory testing: Advantages and disadvantages
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Subjects
2.3 Overview of methods in sensory testing and their evolution
2.4 How many subjects should be tested?
2.5 Further important considerations in sensory testing
2.6 Developing descriptive analysis capability
2.7 Other descriptive methods
2.8 Future trends
2.9 Conclusions
References
Chapter 3 Rapid and slower methods to measure emotion responses to food products
3.1 Introduction to measuring emotions
3.2 What is an emotion?
3.3 Questionnaires vs. body measure vs. behavioral measures
3.4 How many emotions are there? Positive and negative?
3.5 How many emotions to test?
3.6 Positive and negative emotions
3.7 Effects of context
3.8 Methods for measuring emotion
3.9 Summary
References
Chapter 4 Measuring sensory perception in relation to consumer behavior
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Sensation
4.3 Hedonics
4.4 Measuring product use and intake
4.5 Linking sensations, liking and intake
4.6 Summary
References
Chapter 5 Expedited procedures for conceptual profiling of brands, products, and packaging
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Fundamentals of new product success and failure
5.3 Measurement using direct scaling
5.4 Concepts, conceptualization, and conceptual structure
5.5 Emotion profiling vs. conceptual profiling—some theoretical considerations
5.6 Conceptual profiling in practice
5.7 Applications and case studies
5.8 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 6 A perspective on the evolution of descriptive methods
6.1 Flavor profile (FP)
6.2 Texture profile (TP)
6.3 Quantitative descriptive analysis
6.4 Spectrum profile method
6.5 Free choice profiling (FCP)
6.6 Sorting methods
6.7 Projective mapping
6.8 Flash profile (FP)
6.9 Napping and derivatives
6.10 Check-all-that-apply (CATA) profiling
6.11 Feedback calibration method (FCM)
6.12 One practical compromise
6.13 Attribute identity
6.14 Concluding thoughts
References
Part Two Rapid methods for sensory profiling
Chapter 7 Flash Profile, its evolution and uses in sensory and consumer science
7.1 The method and its origins
7.2 Flash Profile (FP) methodology through an example: evaluation of dark chocolates
7.3 Further methodological considerations
7.4 Metrological properties of Flash Profile
7.5 Limitations of Flash Profile
7.6 Evolution in the use of Flash Profile
7.7 Conclusions and future trends
References
Chapter 8 Free sorting as a sensory profiling technique for product development
8.1 Introduction
8.2 The free sorting task
8.3 Statistical treatment of free sorting data
8.4 A case study in the automotive industry: understanding the consumer perception of car body style
8.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 9 Free multiple sorting as a sensory profiling technique
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Overview of free multiple sorting (FMS)
9.3 Theoretical framework
9.4 Practical framework and design of experiments
9.5 Implementation and data collection
9.6 Data analysis
9.7 Advantages, disadvantages, and applications
9.8 Future trends and further information
References
Chapter 10 Napping and sorted Napping as a sensory profiling technique
10.1 Introduction
10.2 From projective tests to Napping
10.3 From Napping to sorted Napping
10.4 Analyzing Napping and sorted Napping data using the R statistical software
10.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 11 Polarized sensory positioning (PSP) as a sensory profiling technique
11.1 Introduction
11.2 The PSP philosophy and deriving methods
11.3 Industrial applications of PSP
11.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 12 Check-all-that-apply (CATA) questions with consumers in practice: Experimental considerations and impact on outcome
12.1 Introduction
12.2 The meaning of ``check-all-that-apply''
12.3 Implementation of the methodology
12.4 Data analysis
12.5 Variants of CATA questions
12.6 Case study
12.7 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 13 Temporal dominance of sensations (TDS) as a sensory profiling technique
13.1 Introduction
13.2 What is TDS?
13.3 TDS experiment with trained panelists
13.4 TDS experiment with naïve panelists
13.5 Data analysis: representation of the sequence
13.6 Data analysis: representation of the product space
13.7 Data analysis: comparison between products
13.8 Data analysis: panel performance
13.9 Alternative temporal methods
13.10 Some applications
13.11 Conclusion
References
Chapter 14 Ideal profiling as a sensory profiling technique
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Principle and properties of the Ideal Profile Method (IPM)
14.3 IPM, a tool for product development and product optimization
14.4 Additional valuable properties of the IPM
14.5 Illustration of the Ideal Profile Analysis (IPA)
14.6 Conclusions
14.7 Recent advances around the Ideal Profile Method
References
Chapter 15 Open-ended questions in sensory testing practice
15.1 Introduction
15.2 General pros and cons of open-ended questions
15.3 When open-ended questions are appropriate
15.4 Processing the answers: from raw to clean data
15.5 Analyzing the data: getting valuable outcomes from different applications
15.6 Future trends, social media, and AI
15.7 Conclusions
References
Chapter 16 Natural Language Processing
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Case study: Descriptive language for whisk(e)ys using NLP
16.3 Natural Language Processing
16.4 Linguistics primer: language and human experience
16.5 Sources of Natural Language Data
16.6 Existing text data collection tools
16.7 Information retrieval/query answering
16.8 Text normalization and part-of-speech tagging
16.9 Keyword extraction
16.10 Document classification/topic modeling
16.11 Natural language understanding and word embeddings
16.12 Sentiment analysis
16.13 Artificial text generation
16.14 Machine translation
16.15 Conclusions and recommendations
References
Part Three Applications in new product development and consumer research
Chapter 17 Adoption and use of Flash Profiling in daily new product development: A testimonial
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Flash Profile as a starting point
17.3 Flash Profile as a reference methodology
17.4 Limitations and perspectives in the use of Flash Profile
17.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 18 Technical team testing in the food industry
18.1 Introduction: the ever-increasing importance of team testing methods within the project teams
18.2 Precise analysis of the concrete situations where evaluation by team testing is appropriate
18.3 Analysis of opportunities and constraints linked to project team evaluation
18.4 An approach adapted our needs but integrated with the limits of the team testing
18.5 Implementation examples (common in the R&D field)
18.6 Analysis and prospects
References
Chapter 19 Alternative methods of sensory testing: Working with chefs, culinary professionals and brew masters
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Background: Fast descriptive methods and persons with no formal sensory training in sensory tests
19.3 Data analysis of projective descriptive methods
19.4 Case study 1: Brewers and novices assessing beer
19.5 Results and discussion of projective mapping of beer
19.6 Case study 2: Exploring the world of spice blends and pastes with chefs and other food experts
19.7 Results and discussion of spice blends and pastes
19.8 General discussion and recommendations
Appendix: Projective mapping vs. napping (see also Chapter 9)
References
Chapter 20 Sensory testing with flavorists: Challenges and solutions
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Roles and responsibilities
20.3 Different ways of working
20.4 Strategies to complement both types of expertise
20.5 Future trends
References
Chapter 21 Projective Flash Profile from experts to consumers: A way to reveal fragrance language
21.1 Introduction: an industrial approach to the assessment of fragrances
21.2 Flash Profile of fragrances: perfumers vs. consumers
21.3 An extension to Flash Profile of fragrances with consumers: beyond sensory description
21.4 Discussion and conclusion
References
Chapter 22 Use of rapid sensory methods in the automotive industry
22.1 Introduction
22.2 Example 1: Gearbox sensations and comfort
22.3 Example 2: Role and lateral support perception
22.4 Example 3: Idle noises of diesel engines
22.5 Conclusion: pros and cons of rapid sensory methods in the automotive context
References
Part Four Applications in sensory testing with specific populations and methodological consequences
Chapter 23 Sensory testing in new product development: Working with children
23.1 Introduction
23.2 Reasons for studying sensory aspects in children
23.3 How to organize sensory evaluation testing with children
23.4 Application of different sensory evaluation techniques to children of different ages
23.5 Conclusion
23.6 Future trends
Sources of further information
References
Chapter 24 Sensory testing in new product development: Working with older people
24.1 Introduction
24.2 The elderly market: a challenge between needs and pleasure
24.3 The heterogeneity of the elderly
24.4 Impact of age and dependence on performance at a sensory task: key findings on scale use in a monadic sequential presentation
24.5 Running sensory descriptive analysis with an elderly panel: recommendations
24.6 Conclusion and future trends
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 25 Non-Meat Analogs—A Mind Genomics Cartography of their perceived health benefits
25.1 Introduction
25.2 What messages work?
25.3 The Mind Genomics approach
25.4 The experiment
25.5 Understanding the data at its “surface”
25.6 What elements drive agreement and disagreement—total panel and key subgroups
25.7 The lure of mind-sets
25.8 Beyond mind-sets to engagement (response time)
25.9 Assigning new participants into existing mind-sets
25.10 Discussion and conclusions
Acknowledgment
References
Index

Life Sciences

Physical Sciences & Engineering

Social Sciences & Humanities

Health

Rapid Sensory Profiling Techniques

Applications in New Product Development and Consumer Research

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Julien Delarue

J. Ben Lawlor

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