Principles and Practice of Laser Dentistry

3rd Edition - September 7, 2022
Author: Robert A. Convissar
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 8 1 2 8 3 - 2
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 8 1 2 8 4 - 9

Successfully expand the use of lasers in your dental practice! With vibrant, detailed clinical images and easy-to-follow writing, Principles and Practice of Laser Dentistry, 3… Read more

Principles and Practice of Laser Dentistry

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Successfully expand the use of lasers in your dental practice! With vibrant, detailed clinical images and easy-to-follow writing, Principles and Practice of Laser Dentistry, 3rd Edition walks you through the most common uses of lasers in areas such as periodontal surgery, dental implants, prosthetic and cosmetic reconstruction and describes how lasers work, how they interact with tissues, and how this knowledge may be applied to dental practice with a focus on technology, surgical techniques, and key steps in treatment. Written by laser dentistry pioneer Dr. Robert A. Convissar and a team of leading experts, this edition includes an ebook free with each purchase of a print book, three new chapters, and new case histories and clinical tips. It contains everything you need to know to build your skills in the rapidly growing field of laser dentistry.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Any screen, Any time, Anywhere
Copyright
Dedication
Contributors
Foreword
Preface
Editor’s Note for Chapter 3
Chapter 1. Einstein’s “Splendid Light”: Origins and Dental Applications
Abstract
Outline
Early Published Theories of Light
Development of Quantum Theory
Masers and Lasers
Lasers in Medicine
Conclusions
References
Chapter 2. Laser Fundamentals
Abstract
Outline
Light
Amplification
Stimulated Emission
Radiation
Laser Delivery Systems
Laser Effects on Tissue
Laser Safety
Benefits and Drawbacks of Dental Lasers
Lasers in Dentistry: Now and in the Future
Conclusions
References
Chapter 3. Laser-Assisted Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy
Abstract
Outline
Periodontal Diseases
Benefits of Laser Therapy
Laser Types
Fundamentals of Laser Physics
Treatment Objectives With Soft Tissue Lasers
Healing and Tissue Rehabilitation
Documentation
Adjunctive Chemotherapeutics
Laser Safety
Technical Aspects of Laser Settings
Treating Periimplant Mucositis and Periimplantitis
Diagnosis
Treatment Planning
Gingivitis
Periodontitis
Sedation Appointment (Intravenous or Conscious)
Scaling and Debridement With Laser-Assisted Periodontal Therapy Appointment
Follow-Up Laser-Assisted Periodontal Therapy Appointment
Reevaluation Therapy
Supportive Periodontal Therapy
Conclusions
References
Chapter 4. Minimally Invasive Surgical and Regenerative Laser Periodontics and Laser-Assisted Oral Medicine
Outline
Dental Lasers Used in Soft Tissue Periodontal Surgery
Surgical Lasers Used in Periodontal Surgery Involving Hard Tissues
Lasers Enhance Periodontal Regeneration Procedure Outcomes
Scientific Evidence for Lasers Used in Periodontal Surgery to Treat Periodontitis as Part of a Standard Protocol
Deepithelialization of Gingival Tissue
Case History 4.5: Treatment of Severe Chronic Periodontitis. Laser Deepithelialization. Removal of Physiological Pigment With Laser
Laser Ablation of Lichen Planus
Laser Biopsy Procedures
Use of Lasers to Remove Drug-Induced Gingival Hyperplasia
Cosmetic Periodontal Surgical Procedures
Use of Lasers for Frenectomy to Prevent Mucogingival Surgery
Utilization of a CO2 Laser as Part of a Protocol to Eliminate Mucogingival Stress and Treat Thin Tissue Biotype
Lasers in Implant Surgery/Periimplantitis/Perimucositis
A Few Final Words About CO2 Lasers
Conclusion
References
Bibliography
Chapter 5. Lasers in Implant Dentistry
Outline
Laser Wavelengths
Mucositis and Periimplantitis
Future of Lasers in Implant Dentistry
Conclusions
References
Chapter 6. Photodynamic Therapy in Management of Periodontitis and Periimplantitis
Abstract
Outline
The Theoretical Basis of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy
Photosensitizer
Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy in Periodontal Diseases
Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Treatment of Periimplant Diseases
Other Applications of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy in Oral Disease
Conclusion
References
Chapter 7. Lasers in Fixed Prosthetic and Cosmetic Reconstruction
Outline
Laser Wavelengths for Cosmetic/Prosthetic Procedures
Biologic Width
Soft Tissue Troughing With and Without Gingivoplasty
Crown-Lengthening Procedures
Emergence Profile
Ovate Pontic Design
Conclusion
References
Chapter 8. Laser Bleaching: Tooth Whitening and Mucosal Depigmentation
Abstract
Outline
Oral Pigmentations
Exogenous Factors
Endogenous factors
Case 1
Case 2
Case 3
Case 4
Case 5
Lips Melanin Depigmentation
Laser Tooth Bleaching
General Protocol
References
Chapter 9. Laser-Enhanced Removable Prosthetic Reconstruction
Abstract
Outline
Excision of Epulis Fissurata
Vestibuloplasty
Tuberosity Reduction
Soft Tissue Abnormalities
Conclusions
References
Chapter 10. Use of Lasers for Minor Oral Surgery in General Practice
Abstract
Outline
Intraoral Lasers for Minor Oral Surgery
Advantages and Disadvantages of Laser Surgery
Laser Techniques and Procedures
Incision/Excision Techniques and Procedures
Ablation/Vaporization Techniques and Procedures
Hemostasis/Coagulation Techniques and Procedures
Tooth Extractions
Apicoectomy
Conclusions
References
Chapter 11. Lasers in Major Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Abstract
Outline
Choosing a Surgical Laser
Safety and Anesthesia Considerations
Tumor-Resective Surgery: Excision Versus Ablation
Premalignant Lesions
Malignant Lesions and Aggressive Benign Lesions
Vascular Lesions
Snoring and Sleep Apnea
Temporomandibular Joint Surgery
Cosmetic Facial Surgery
Conclusions
References
Chapter 12. Lasers in Restorative Dentistry
Abstract
Outline
Caries Removal: Background and Debate
Laser Photonic Energy–Hard Tissue Interaction
Laser Use Versus Conventional Instrumentation
Laser Use in Cavity Preparation
Laser Analgesia
Laser Use in Caries Diagnostics
Laser Caries Prevention
Conclusions
References
Chapter 13. Lasers in Pediatric Dentistry
Outline
Laser Types
Soft Tissue Lasers
Adjuncts and Benefits
Lasers in Pediatric Dental Practice
Hard Tissue Procedures
CO2 and Erbium Laser Caries Removal
Soft Tissue Procedures
Frenum Revisions
Maxillary, Mandibular, and Lingual Frenum Releases
Lingual Frenum Revisions
Hyperplastic Gingival Tissue
Lesion Removal and Biopsy
Herpes Labialis and Aphthous Ulcers
Pericoronitis (Operculitis)
Laser Tissue Welding
Impacted Mesiodens
Venous Lake on Lower Lip
Tooth Exposure for Orthodontic Banding
Pulpotomy and Pulpectomy
Combined Hard and Soft Tissue Procedures
Photobiomodulating Laser Therapy
Analgesic Effect
Traumatized Primary and Permanent Anterior Teeth
Intraoral Primary Herpes
Facial Injuries
Reducing the Gag Reflex
Conclusion
References
Further Reading
Chapter 14. Lasers in Neonatal Dentistry—Tongue-Tie and Lip-Tie Release
Outline
Procedure
Terminology
Education
References
Chapter 15. Lasers in Orthodontics
Abstract
Outline
Choosing a Soft Tissue Laser for Orthodontics
Types of Orthodontic Procedures
Treatment Planning for Anterior Esthetics
Other Orthodontic Procedures
Procedural Steps
Photobiomodulating Lasers in Orthodontics
Laser Education and Training
Conclusions
References
Chapter 16. Lasers in Endodontics
Outline
Pulp Diagnosis: Laser Doppler Flowmetry
Pulp Capping and Pulpotomy
Cleaning and Disinfecting the Root Canal System
Endodontic Retreatment
Apical Surgery
Conclusions
References
Chapter 17. Photobiomodulation Therapy in Clinical Dentistry
Abstract
Outline
Terminology
Types of Biophotonics Devices Used for PBM Therapy
Biological Responses to Application of Light
Photobiomodulation Safety
Laser PBM Devices
LED PBM Devices
Side Effects and Contraindications of PBM Treatments
Spot Size and Delivery
Power and Time
Treatment Site and Acupuncture Points
Acute Versus Chronic Conditions
Choosing the Right PBM Device
Current Theoretical PBM Dosing Models
Applications for PBM Therapy in Clinical Dentistry
Other Facial Pain and Chronic Myofascial Conditions
Conclusions and Future Directions
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 18. Noninvasive Outpatient Laser Therapy for Adult Snoring and Apnea
Abstract
Outline
Introduction
Laser Mechanism
Step-by-Step Protocol
Er:YAG Laser 2940-nm
808-nm Diode Laser (The Fini Storchi—Unige Protocol)
Results
Nonablative CO2 Laser Treatment
Conclusions
References
Chapter 19. Introducing Lasers Into the Dental Practice
Abstract
Outline
Team Approach
General Practice
Specialty Practice
Cost of Acquiring a Laser
Laser as Profit Center
Setting Fees
Preparing the Staff
Preparing the Patient
Review Management
Marketing to Other Professionals
Chairside Considerations
Conclusions
References
Chapter 20. Research in Laser Dentistry: Current and Novel Treatments and Theranostics
Outline
Introduction to Biophotonics Applications in Dentistry
Biophotonics Applications for Optical Imaging
Caries Detection
Tooth Fracture or Crack Detection
Laser Scanners for Digital Profilometry and 3D Imaging
Laser Doppler Flowmetry for Pulp Vitality Testing
Optical Coherence Tomography
Photoacoustic Imaging
Raman Spectroscopy
Terahertz Imaging
High-Power Biophotonics for Surgical Laser Applications in Dentistry
Classification of Laser Devices
Influence of Wavelength and Their Combinations
Correlation Between Laser Power and Pulsing for Surgical Laser Application
Laser Pulsing Versus Scanning for Dental Clinical Applications
Laser Spot Size Versus Scanning or Hand Speed
Cooling During Surgical Laser Procedures
Biological Variables of Target Tissues to Be Considered During Surgical Laser Use
CO2 Laser
Nd:YAG Lasers
Erbium Lasers
Diode Lasers
Fiber Lasers—Replacement for All Current Wavelengths?
Potassium-titanyl-phosphate Lasers
Low-Power, Nonsurgical, Nonthermal Light Therapies: aPDT and PBM
Robotics-assisted, Hands-free, Femtosecond and Tele-Dentistry. The “Dentroid™” Concept
Conclusions
References
Appendix 1. Selected US FDA Marketing Clearances
Appendix 2. Professional Societies Dedicated to the Use of Lasers in Medicine and Dentistry
Appendix 3. Selected Journals of Interest to Dental Laser Practitioners
Glossary
Index