Practical Sonochemistry

Applications of Power Ultrasound in Chemistry and Processing

3rd Edition - November 1, 2024
Authors: Timothy J Mason, Mircea Vinatoru
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 2 2 0 5 4 - 8
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 2 2 0 5 3 - 1

Practical Sonochemistry: Applications of Power Ultrasound in Chemistry and Processing, Third Edition conveys the increasing growth in applications and equipment to power ultrasoun… Read more

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Practical Sonochemistry: Applications of Power Ultrasound in Chemistry and Processing, Third Edition conveys the increasing growth in applications and equipment to power ultrasound. The book is written primarily for graduate students, postdoc researchers, and academics in applied chemistry and chemical engineering, as well as technicians and operators in relevant industry. Sonochemistry can do lots of amazing things in many different fields – but how and where do you start with applying it? This thoroughly updated edition offers a ground-up introduction to the fundamentals, applying power ultrasound to both lab and large-scale applications.

The book answer questions such as does my laboratory have the equipment- what do I need? I have the equipment, but I have no idea how it works or how to use it- where do I start? I want to apply sonochemistry to a new reaction or processing method – what is the best approach? What types of sonochemistry equipment is available on the market and which is the best to choose? Can I scale up my reaction and if so, how do I do it, given that ultrasound is non-linear?

1. THE USES OF POWER ULTRASOUND IN CHEMISTRY

1. The importance of sonochemistryWhat are its special characteristics?

2. The power of soundHow can sound improve chemical reactions and processes

3. Cavitation the origin of sonochemical effectsThe characteristics of cavitation its detection and sonoluminescence

4. Parameters that effect cavitationThe effect of external parameters on sonochemistry

5. Physical, chemical, and biological effects of acoustic cavitation

6. The generation of ultrasound – transducersAvailable types and new developments in transducer technology including focused ultrasound

7. Coupling of ultrasound to liquidsChanges to transmission of sound with liquid composition

8. Types of sonochemistry equipmentTraditional style equipment and new developments

9. Dosimetry for ultrasonic systemsMethods of assessing the effects of cavitation on chemistry and processing

10. Comparing systems with different frequenciesThe relationship between the chemical and physical changes induced by frequency change including the site of reaction and radical production

11. The sonochemical yieldWays of estimating the sonochemical effect and the efficiency of such reactions

2. THE ULTRASONIC TANK

1. Tank design and constructionFrom ultrasonic cleaning bath to new designs and shapes

2. High and low frequency systems

3. Other apparatus related to bath-type ultrasonic equipmentCup horn, multifrequency types, special designs

4. Choosing the correct type of tank for your applicationPower and temperature control

5. Setting up an ultrasonic tank for sonochemistryThe importance of reaction vessel shape and position

3. THE ULTRASONIC PROBE

1. Ultrasonic horn (probe) construction

2. Description of horns Design and materials

3. Laboratory reactors involving probe systems

4. The problems associated with using a probe system

5. The design of the reaction vessels

4. HYDRODYNAMIC CAVITATION REACTORS

1. Basic concept of hydrodynamic cavitation

2. Designs of different generators

3. Advantages and disadvantages over acoustic cavitation

4. Applications

5. SPECIALISED SYSTEMS

1. Horns with radial emission

2. Clamp-on devices

3. Dish emitters with large surfaces

4. Focused ultrasonic systems

5. Hybrid systems involving ultrasound

6. LARGE SCALE SONOCHEMISTRY

1. The challenge of scale-upFailings of predictive engineering software

2. Large scale tank systems

3. Large scale probe systems

4. Flow loop and continuous systems

7. SONOCHEMISTRY EXPERIMENTSA selection of representative sonochemical reactions

Timothy J Mason

Tim Mason is Emeritus Professor of Chemistry and Director of the Sonochemistry Centre at the University of Coventry, UK. He graduated from Southampton University, UK in 1967 with a BSc in Chemistry and continued his career in the research field of physical organic chemistry with a PhD from the same university and two years as a post-doc at Amherst College in Massachusetts, USA. He began research into sonochemistry at Coventry University with his first paper on the subject published in 1980. He became the first president of the European Society of Sonochemistry when it was formed in 1991 until 2014 and became editor of Ultrasonics Sonochemistry from its first issue in 1994 until he retired as Editor in Chief in 2017. He has authored and edited 11 textbooks and the six-volume series “Advances in Sonochemistry”. Since his retirement and appointment as emeritus professor at Coventry University, he has continued his research interests in a broad range of topics which include fundamental aspects of sonochemistry, reactor design and scale-up, environmental protection, food processing, ultrasonically assisted extraction (UAE), materials processing and therapeutic ultrasound. Currently his main research collaboration is with co-author Mircea Vinatoru through the ULTRA-MINT programme.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor Emeritus of Chemistry and Director, the Sonochemistry Centre, University of Coventry, UK

Mircea Vinatoru

Mircea Vinatoru is a principal investigator at Politehnica University of Bucharest, Romania where he directed a European/Romanian research programme involving the use of hybrid ultrasound and microwave technologies in a range of chemical reactions (ULTRA-MINT). He has over 50 years of experience in organic chemistry research of which the last 32 were dedicated to sonochemistry. During his career in sonochemistry he studied electron transfer processes facilitated by ultrasound as part of his PhD thesis. He was a pioneer in two major fields – the ultrasonically assisted synthesis of biodiesel fuel (UASB) and ultrasonically assisted extraction (UAE) of bioactive compounds from medicinal and aromatic herbs, in both of which he holds patents. In the medical field he has published papers on the use of ultrasound to produce self-sterilizing fabrics and the synthesis of targeted drug delivery systems. Other contributions have been on the applications of ultrasound in environmental protection and its use in enzyme activation. He is a chemical engineer and has designed and built the first industrial reactor for ultrasonically assisted extraction of medicinal herbs and pilot scale reactors for biodiesel synthesis. He holds many research positions in public research institutes and universities in Romania and abroad. He has also assembled a sonochemistry research facility in Texas, USA where new technologies for biodiesel synthesis assisted by ultrasound were developed. He has more than 80 publications which have received over 6000 citations.

Affiliations and expertise

Principal Investigator, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Romania