Playfulness

PrefaceAcknowledgmentsI Introduction Play-Imagination-Creativity Playfulness: Its Rationale and Exploration Proposed Thesis for the Role of Playfulness as a Play Element in Play, Imagination, and CreativityII Historical Clues to Playfulness as the Play Element in Play Adult versus Child Play: Is Playfulness Part of It? The Functional Analysis of Play, or Why We Play: No Room for Playfulness The Qualitative Analysis of Play, or How We Play: Enter PlayfulnessIII Playfulness in Play and the Player: Developmental Studies of a Qualitative Aspect of Play The Kindergarten Study: Playfulness and Its Relationship to Divergent Thinking The High School Study: Playfulness as a Personality Trait in Adolescents Some Preliminary Findings on Postadolescents and Adults Some Highlights of the Findings and Pointers for Further ResearchIV Playfulness in Studies of Play, Imagination, and Creativity Specific Characteristics of Play Relating to Imagination and Creativity Individual Differences in Salient Characteristics of Play as a Result of Sex, Level of Intelligence, Childrearing Practices, and Schooling Summary Statement and RecommendationsV The Role of Playfulness in a Theoretical Framework for a Relationship Among Play, Imagination, and Creativity Clues to Playfulness in a Cognitive Linkage Between Play, Imagination, and Creativity Clues to Playfulness in Affective States Common to Play, Imagination, and Creativity Clues to Playfulness in Social Expectations Related to Play, Imagination, and Creativity The Role of Playfulness in AestheticsVI Practical Implications: The Place of Playfulness in Everyday Living The Home Environment: Can Parenting Have a Lighter Vein? The Classroom: Can Fun Be Part of the Learning Process? Career Choice: Can Playing with Options Be Part of It? On-the-Job Satisfaction: Can All Occupations Play? Use of Leisure: Can All Ages Play? Summary Statement on the Role of Playfulness in an Individual's LifespanVII Epilogue: The "Now" and "Future" Scene Answers to Questions Asked Pointers to Questions Still to Be Explored Perspective on the Twenty-First CenturyAppendix A: Playfulness Scale (Form K) Rating Instructions Rating ScalesAppendix B: Playfulness-Nonplayfulness Scale (Form A) Rating Instructions Rating ScalesReferencesSubject Index