Pharmacogenomics

From Discovery to Clinical Implementation

1st Edition - June 13, 2023
Editors: Showkat Ahmad Ganie, Aarif Ali, Muneeb U Rehman, Azher Arafah
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 5 3 3 6 - 5
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 5 3 3 7 - 2

Pharmacogenomics: From Discovery to Clinical Implementation is a complete reference aimed at building a solid foundation of the key concepts in this fast-moving knowledge area. The… Read more

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Pharmacogenomics: From Discovery to Clinical Implementation is a complete reference aimed at building a solid foundation of the key concepts in this fast-moving knowledge area. The book's chapters over the foundational aspects of pharmacogenomics, including drug metabolism, drug discovery, development, and testing, and then detail studies of key health conditions and the potential therapeutic applications of pharmacogenomics. Diseases covered include diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, psychiatric disease, cancer, pulmonary and respiratory diseases, viral diseases, gastroenterology, autoimmune diseases, immunosuppressants, and, finally, an overview of computational resources. This is the perfect resource for pharmaceutical science graduate students to learn the key concepts of the area. However, researchers and graduate students in the related fields of genetics, pharmacoepidemiology, molecular biology, and medicinal chemistry will also benefit from the structured approach of the book.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Section 1: Fundamentals
Chapter 1: Basics of pharmacogenomics
Abstract
1.1: Introduction
1.2: Drug metabolism
1.3: Ethics in pharmacogenomics
1.4: Pharmacogenomics—Its present and future prospects
1.5: Current therapeutics and pharmacogenomics
1.6: Pharmacogenomics—Drug metabolism and development
1.7: Biomarkers in pharmacogenomics/genetic variations and drug response
1.8: Cancer therapy: Monoclonal antibodies
1.9: Pharmacogenomics: Challenges and opportunities in therapeutic implementation
1.10: Global regulatory challenges for the conduction of clinical PGx studies
1.11: Clinical development challenges for PGx analysis
1.12: Challenges in PGx ADME studies
1.13: Clinical implementation challenges
1.14: Evolving scientific opportunities: Sequencing PGx clinical trial subjects
1.15: Evolving scientific opportunities: Role of polygenic risk scores in PGx studies
1.16: Evolving scientific opportunities: Drug development and wide range genomic databases
1.17: Conclusion
1.18: Questions
References
Glossary
Chapter 2: Pharmacogenomics in drug metabolism
Abstract
2.1: Introduction
2.2: History of pharmacogenomics
2.3: Drug-metabolizing enzymes
2.4: Pharmacogenomics of drug transporters
2.5: Pathways of drug metabolism
2.6: Sites of drug metabolism
2.7: Factors affecting drug metabolism
2.8: Drug-metabolizing enzymes in the ER
2.9: Conclusion and future prospects
2.10: Questions
References
Further readings
Glossary
Chapter 3: Pharmacogenomics in drug discovery and development
Abstract
3.1: Introduction
3.2: Current scenario in drug discovery and development
3.3: Challenges and opportunities in drug discovery and development
3.4: Genetic factors in drug effects
3.5: Pharmacogenomics and its application in drug development
3.6: Drug target and pharmacogenomics
3.7: Pharmacogenomics and clinical trials
3.8: Methods of studying genetic basis of drug response variations
3.9: Challenges in the inclusion of pharmacogenetics in a clinical setting
3.10: Opportunities to address challenges of the inclusion of pharmacogenetics in a clinical setting
3.11: Summary
3.12: Closing remarks
3.13: Questions
3.14: Further reading
References
Glossary
Chapter 4: Pharmacogenomics testing: An overview
Abstract
4.1: Introduction
4.2: History of pharmacogenetics
4.3: Pharmacogenetics and pharmacokinetics
4.4: Pharmacogenetics and pharmacodynamics
4.5: Classification of pharmacogenetic tests
4.6: Experimental approaches
4.7: Combinatorial pharmacogenetics
4.8: Pharmacogenomic databases
4.9: Pharmacogenetic clinical implementation challenges
4.10: Conclusion
4.11: Questions
References
Further readings
Glossary
Section 2: Therapeutics
Chapter 5: Pharmacogenomics and diabetes
Abstract
5.1: Introduction
5.2: Classification of diabetes
5.3: Pharmacogenomics in diabetes
5.4: Pharmacogenetic effects
5.5: Pharmacogenetics and gene polymorphisms
5.6: DPP4 inhibitors and GLP1 receptor agonist response-associated genes
5.7: SGLT-2 inhibitors’ response-associated genes
5.8: Future prospects
5.9: Conclusion
5.10: Questions
References
Further readings
Glossary
Chapter 6: Pharmacogenomics in cardiovascular diseases
Abstract
6.1: Introduction
6.2: Categories of CVD
6.3: CVD drugs pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics
6.4: Risk factors
6.5: Challenges and opportunities of pharmacogenomics in CVD
6.6: Emerging scientific opportunities
6.7: Conclusions
6.8: Future prospects
6.9: Questions
References
Further readings
Glossary
Chapter 7: Pharmacogenomics in psychiatric diseases
Abstract
7.1: Overview of psychiatric disorders
7.2: Categories of mental disorders
7.3: Diagnosis of psychiatric disorders
7.4: Pharmacogenetics of antidepressants
7.5: Genetic influences on antidepressant drug pharmacokinetics
7.6: Genetic influences on antidepressant drug pharmacodynamics
7.7: Pharmacogenetics of antipsychotic drugs
7.8: Genetic influences on antipsychotic drug pharmacokinetics
7.9: Genetic influence on antipsychotic drug pharmacodynamics
7.10: Pharmacogenetics of anticonvulsants and mood stabilizers
7.11: Conclusion
7.12: Questions
References
Glossary
Chapter 8: Pharmacogenomics in cancer
Abstract
8.1: Introduction
8.2: Pharmacogenetic biomarkers and their clinical impact
8.3: Germline pharmacogenetic markers
8.4: Somatic alterations as predictive biomarkers
8.5: Candidate genes
8.6: Pharmacogenetic and pharmacogenomic discovery strategies
8.7: Pharmacogenetics: Challenges, promises, and its application to cancer drug discovery
8.8: Implementation issues with pharmacogenomics
8.9: Conclusion
8.10: Questions
References
Further readings
Glossary
Chapter 9: Pharmacogenomics of pulmonary and respiratory diseases
Abstract
9.1: Overview of pulmonary and respiratory disease
9.2: Questions
References
Further readings
Glossary
Chapter 10: Pharmacogenomics in viral diseases
Abstract
10.1: Introduction
10.2: Overview of viral diseases burden on health
10.3: Understanding microbial infections by transcriptomics and functional genomics
10.4: Obstacles in drug resigning or therapy against viral diseases
10.5: Antiretroviral resistance assays
10.6: Personalized medicine: Promising a solution for viral disease management
10.7: Susceptibility of various genotypes and therapy in viral diseases
10.8: Conclusion
10.9: Questions
References
Further readings
Glossary
Chapter 11: Pharmacogenomics in gastroenterology
Abstract
11.1: Introduction
11.2: Gastroesophageal reflux disease
11.3: Inflammatory bowel disease
11.4: Liver transplantation
11.5: Irritable bowel syndrome
11.6: Colorectal cancer
11.7: Conclusion and future outlook
11.8: Questions
References
Further readings
Glossary
Chapter 12: Pharmacogenomics in autoimmune diseases
Abstract
12.1: Introduction to autoimmune diseases
12.2: Immune system
12.3: Genetic basis of autoimmune diseases
12.4: Animal models of autoimmune diseases
12.5: Pharmacogenomics of autoimmune diseases
12.6: Personalized medicine and the pharmacogenomic biomarkers
12.7: Current challenges in pharmacogenomics
12.8: Conclusion and future directions
12.9: Questions
References
Further readings
Glossary
Chapter 13: Pharmacogenomics of immunosuppressants
Abstract
13.1: Introduction
13.2: Pharmacogenetics (metabolism, disposition, and impact on pathway) of calcineurin inhibitors
13.3: Mycophenolic acid (MPA)
13.4: mTOR inhibitors (ImTORs)
13.5: Pharmacogenetics of calcineurin inhibitors and mycophenolic acid
13.6: Potential and limits of pharmacogenetics in the treatment
13.7: Mycophenolic acid and mTOR inhibitors
13.8: Concluding remarks
13.9: Questions
References
Further readings
Glossary
Chapter 14: Computational and pharmacogenomic resources
Abstract
Acknowledgments
14.1: Introduction
14.2: Molecular modeling or structural biology
14.3: Computational biology
14.4: Computational tools
14.5: Pharmacogenomic resources
14.6: Conclusion
14.7: Questions
References
Further readings
Glossary
Index

Showkat Ahmad Ganie

Showkat Ahmad Ganie (Ph.D.) is currently working as Assistant Professor at Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K, India. His area of research is focused on various horizons of plant biochemistry and its application in human health. Dr. Ganie has keen interest in free radical biology, oxidative stress, inflammation, diabetes, cancer biology, therapeutic targets, and medicinal plant-based research. His research team work hard for elucidating/verifying various pharmacological properties of traditionally claimed medicinal herbs. His current research highlights the role of enzyme like protein kinases in regulating hyperlipidaemia. Dr. Ganie is exploring plant compounds that could modulate such kinases and ameliorate diseases associated with hyperlipidaemia. We also evaluate the role of various inflammatory markers in the pathology of inflammation and related disorders. Dr. Ganie is also engaged in exploring various epigenetic mechanisms involved in chromatin dynamics and remodelling, implicated in various human pathologies.

Affiliations and expertise

Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, India

Aarif Ali

Aarif Ali (Ph.D.) has recently completed Doctor of Philosophy in Clinical Biochemistry at University of Kashmir and has collaboratively worked and published research papers in different reputed National as well as International journals. He has obtained his BSc from SP College affiliated with University of Kashmir, MSc from University of Kashmir (J&K, India) respectively. Dr. Ali is reviewer of several journals like Plant Cell Biotechnology and Molecular Biology (PCBMB), Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology and Asian Journal of Advances in Medical Science.

Affiliations and expertise

Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, India

Muneeb U Rehman

Muneeb U Rehman (Ph.D.) is a Faculty member at College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. He holds a doctorate in Toxicology (specialization in cancer biology and natural product research) from Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India. Dr. Rehman has more than 10 years of research and teaching experience in the field of toxicology, cancer biology, natural product pharmacology and pharmacogenomics. He is the recipient of several national and international fellowships and awards. He has published more than 100 research papers in peer-reviewed, international journals, and has 5 edited books and 30 book chapters. Dr. Rehman is on the editorial boards and is a reviewer of several high-impact, international scientific journals. He is also a life member of various international societies and organizations. Currently, Dr. Rehman is engaged in studying the molecular mechanisms of cancer prevention by natural products and the role of pharmacogenomics and toxicogenomics in evaluating the effectiveness and safety of drugs.

Affiliations and expertise

College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Azher Arafah

Azher Arafah works in the Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy at King Saud University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Affiliations and expertise

Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia