Pepper Virome

Molecular Biology, Diagnostics and Management

1st Edition - April 25, 2024
Editors: Akhtar Ali, R.K. Gaur
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 5 5 7 6 - 5
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 5 5 7 7 - 2

Pepper Virome: Molecular Biology, Diagnostics and Management presents detailed information about the plant viruses that infect pepper worldwide, providing crucial insights… Read more

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Pepper Virome: Molecular Biology, Diagnostics and Management presents detailed information about the plant viruses that infect pepper worldwide, providing crucial insights for both the scientific community and producers. Understanding the nature of the viruses, their transmission methods, and possible sources of resistance in order to minimize the yield losses as well as to reduce the spread of these viruses to new locations or countries is of global importance. Pepper is an important commodity worldwide, cultivated for both fresh produce and for processing industry as a spice. However, various diseases affect pepper production and cause significant yield losses in pepper yield.

The increasing outbreaks of virus species infecting Capsicum spp. have become a major problem for growers. A combination of factors, including expansion and intensification of pepper cultivation, availability of volunteer hosts, abundance of insect vectors, and climate change have all contributed to the issue. This book provides in-depth information on both the viruses infecting peppers and eco-friendly management measures to decrease the rate of spread of viruses.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
List of contributors
About the editors
Preface
1. Molecular and biotechnological approaches for improvement of pepper crop
Abstracts
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Breeding for improved yield/phenotypic/agronomic characters
1.3 Breeding for resistance to biotic stresses
1.4 Breeding for tolerance to abiotic stress in pepper
1.5 Cytoplasmic male sterility system in pepper
1.6 Genetic resources for stress resistance in pepper crop
1.7 Whole genome sequencing and marker development for pepper genome
1.8 Transcriptome sequencing and gene(s) expression analysis in pepper
1.9 Proteomics analysis in pepper
1.10 Heterosis breeding
1.11 Biotechnological approaches for developing transgenic pepper plants
1.12 Functionally characterised genes governing economically important traits in pepper
1.13 Management of pepper diseases
1.14 Conclusion and prospects
References
Section 1: RNA viruses
2. Overview of RNA viruses infecting Capsicum species
Abstract
2.1 Introduction
2.2 RNA viruses
2.3 Ambisense RNA viruses
2.4 Negative-sense RNA viruses
2.5 Double-stranded RNA viruses
2.6 Pepper viruses of minor importance
2.7 Pepper viruses in Oklahoma
2.8 Conclusions
Acknowledgment
References
Further reading
3. Interactome of pepper-infecting viruses
Abstract
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Conclusion
Reference
4. Polerovirus-induced pepper yellows disease
Abstract
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Poleroviruses associated with PYD
4.3 Phylogenetic relationships, molecular traits, and genetic variability of PeVYVs
4.4 Geographic distribution, epidemiology, and biological traits of PeVYVs
4.5 Detection of PYD-associated poleroviruses
4.6 Concluding remarks and future perspectives
References
Section 2: Molecular biology and diagnosis
5. Biodiversity and ecology of viruses in Capsicum species
Abstract
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Diversity of virus infections in Capsicum spp
5.3 Virome diversity in pepper species and associated weeds
5.4 Ecology of pepper-infecting viruses
5.5 Concluding remarks
References
6. Diagnosis, genetic diversity, and molecular characterization of geminiviruses infecting pepper
Abstract
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Section 1: diagnostic methods for DNA viruses in pepper
6.3 Section 2: diversity of DNA viruses infecting pepper
6.4 Chapter conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
7. Virus seed transmission in Capsicum species
Abstract
7.1 Introduction
7.2 How are pepper viruses transmitted through seeds?
7.3 Relevance of seed transmission
7.4 Determinants of seed transmission
7.5 Management of viruses infecting pepper
7.6 Concluding remarks
References
8. Relationship of insect vectors with plant viruses infecting Capsicum
Abstract
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Whitefly-transmitted viruses in peppers
8.3 Thrips-transmitted viruses in Capsicum
8.4 Aphid-transmitted viruses in peppers
8.5 Conclusion
References
9. Virus–vector interactions and transmission of pepper-infecting viruses
Abstract
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Aphid transmission
9.3 Thrips transmission
9.4 Whitefly transmission
9.5 Leafhopper transmission
9.6 Nematode transmission
9.7 Beetle transmission
9.8 Fungal Transmission
9.9 Vague transmission or no vector transmission
9.10 Impacts of climate change
9.11 Conclusions
References
10. Interactions between bell pepper endornavirus and the host
Abstract
10.1 Endornaviruses in domesticated Capsicum species
10.2 Phenotypic and physiological interactions of BPEV with pepper
10.3 Transcriptome analysis of two near-isogenic lines of bell pepper after infection with pepper mild mottle virus
10.4 Conclusions
Acknowledgment
References
11. Molecular, genetic, and morphological interactions of viruses, viroids, bacteria, insects, and nematodes on pepper
Abstract
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Important virus vector insects in pepper plant
11.3 Transmission of viruses by plant parasitic nematodes
11.4 Bacteriophages
11.5 Quarantine viruses mainly infecting peppers (Capsicum annuum L.)
11.6 Diseases caused by viroids in peppers
11.7 Capsicum spp. virus interactions
11.8 Conclusion
References
Further reading
Section 3: DNA viruses
12. Capsicum-infecting plant viruses: emergence, evolution and management
Abstract
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Symptomatology of virus infection in Capsicum
12.3 Diversity of global Capsicum-infecting DNA viruses/satellites
12.4 DNA/RNA viruses infecting and causing diseases in capsicum and their vectors
12.5 Evolutionary perspective of plant infective viruses
12.6 Mixed infection
12.7 Management of viral diseases in Capsicum spp
12.8 Cultural practices
12.9 Chemical pesticides
12.10 Physical prevention
References
13. Chili leaf curl virus: an emerging threat to our current vegetable production system
Abstract
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Chili leaf curl virus
13.3 Taxonomy
13.4 Chili leaf curl virusin Oman
13.5 Genome organization and proteins
13.6 Host range and geographical distribution
13.7 Recombination among begomovirus components
13.8 Interaction with other viruses and betasatellites
13.9 Virus control strategies
References
Section 4: Management
14. Virus management in pepper: traditional and modern
Abstract
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Avoidance
14.3 Exclusion/eradication
14.4 Protection
14.5 Resistance
14.6 Biocontrol
14.7 Cross protection and RNA silencing methods
14.8 Knowledge and data
14.9 Integrated disease management practices and future techniques
14.10 Conclusions
References
15. Characterization and management of economically important viruses on sweet pepper cultivars in Europe
Abstract
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Characterization of viruses of economic importance infecting pepper in Europe
15.3 Methods for prevention and control of sweet pepper crops from viral diseases
References
16. Chilli leaf curl disease: status and strategies for sustainable management
Abstract
16.1 Background
16.2 Indian subcontinent: diversity of chilli leaf curl disease
16.3 Virus–vector interactions
16.4 Multifunctional proteins of ChiLCD and response of the host
16.5 Management strategies
16.6 Conclusion and future prospects
References
Index

Akhtar Ali

Professor (Dr.) Akhtar Ali earned his PhD (1994–1999) in plant virology from the University of Adelaide, Australia, and is now a professor at the Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Tulsa (TU), Oklahoma, USA. He has held several postdoctoral positions in plant virology at the Tohoku Agricultural Research Center (TARC), Morioka, Japan (1999–2001), at the CSIRO in Adelaide, Australia (2002–2004), and at the Sam Robert Noble Research Institute in Ardmore, Oklahoma, USA (2004–2007). In 2007, he joined the University of Tulsa as an assistant professor and was promoted to associate professor in 2012 and full professor in 2020. In 2017, Dr. Ali was awarded a US Fulbright Fellowship at the University of Okayama and worked on mycoviruses. His courses cover everything from human disease to plants, and he developed and taught several courses (Experimental Techniques in Molecular Biology, Introduction to Virology, and Biology of Cancer) to both undergraduate and graduate students. His research interests include virus evolution, genetic bottlenecks, epidemiology, and the molecular characterization of plants and mycoviruses in various agricultural crops. He has supervised >20 PhD/MS students, published over 100 scientific papers, 12 book chapters, and presented 22 papers at international and 85 papers at various national conferences. Dr. Ali served as an editor for several international journals, such as Plant Disease, PhytoFrontier, Pathogens, PLOS One, and Frontiers in Virology and Microbiology. In 2023, Dr. Ali was awarded the Zelimir Schmidt Award for Outstanding Researcher by the College of Engineering and Natural Science at the University of Tulsa.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor of Plant Virology Department of Biological Science, The University of Tulsa

R.K. Gaur

Prof. (Dr.) R.K. Gaur earned his Ph.D. in 2005, and is now a Professor at the Department of Biotechnology, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. His Ph.D. was on the molecular characterization of sugarcane viruses, i.e., mosaic, streak mosaic, and yellow luteovirus. He received a MASHAV fellowship of the Israeli government for his postdoctoral studies and joined The Volcani Center, Israel and Ben-Gurion University, Negev, Israel. In 2007 he received the Visiting Scientist Fellowship from the Swedish Institute, Sweden to work at Umea˚ University, Umea˚, Sweden. He received a postdoc fellowship from ICGEB, Italy in 2008. He has made significant contributions on sugarcane viruses and has pub lished 130 national/international papers, authored 17 edited books and presented about 50 papers at national and international conferences. He has been honored as a Fellow of Linnean Society, a Fellow of the Royal Society of Biology, a Fellow of the Society of Plant Research, a Fellow of the Society of Applied Biology (FSAB), and a Fellow of the International Society of Biotechnology (FISBT). He has received many other awards, including the Prof. B.M. Johri memorial Award, Society of Plant Research (SPR); Excellent Teaching Award by Astha Foundation, Meerut; UGC-Research Teacher Award; Young Scientist Award in 2012 in Biotechnology by the Society of Plant Research (SPR), Meerut; and Scientific and Applied Research Center Gold Medal Award in 2011 for outstanding contribution in the field of Biotechnology. He has visited several laborato ries in the United States, Canada, New Zealand, United Kingdom, Thailand, Sweden, and Italy. Currently, he is han dling many national and international grants and international collaborative projects on plant viruses and disease management

Affiliations and expertise

Department of Biotechnology, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India