Pandemic Risk, Response, and Resilience

COVID-19 Responses in Cities Around the World

1st Edition - May 20, 2022
Editors: Indrajit Pal, Rajib Shaw
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 9 2 7 7 - 0
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 9 4 3 6 - 1

Pandemic Risk, Response, and Resilience: COVID-19 Responses in Cities Around the World examines the pandemic’s global impacts on public health, economies, society and labor. Th… Read more

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Pandemic Risk, Response, and Resilience: COVID-19 Responses in Cities Around the World examines the pandemic’s global impacts on public health, economies, society and labor. The book shows how COVID-19 intensified natural and anthropogenic hazards and destroyed years of communities, governments and the work of development organizations and their investments. It focuses on how disaster resilience is central to achieving the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals in a post-COVID-19 era. Sections cover current governance practices, with special attention given to Asia’s more successful responses. It shows how the various sectors across that society were most impacted by COVID-19, including tourism and food systems.

This book is an essential reference for researchers and practitioners who need to understand response, preparedness and future pathways for pandemic resilience.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
About the editors
Preface
Part I. Overview and national governance response
Chapter 1. COVID-19 pandemic, global spread, issues, and challenges
1. Introduction
2. Pandemic risk, response, and resilience
3. Risk governance at local, national, and regional scales
4. Outline of this book
5. Conclusion
Chapter 2. COVID-19 and fiscal stimulus in South Asia: implications for resilience and sustainable development
1. Introduction
2. COVID-19 overview in South Asia
3. Fiscal stimulus in South Asia: facts and figures
4. Scope of integration into resilience and development framework
5. Conclusion
Chapter 3. Enhancing risk governance and sustainability in times of COVID-19: experiences and repercussions from Thailand
1. Introduction
2. Literature review
3. Methodology
4. Results and findings
5. Discussions
6. Conclusion and recommendations
7. Way ahead
Chapter 4. Pandemic in the land of the smile: the case of COVID-19 outbreak in Thailand in 2020
1. Introduction
2. Lockdown and ‘distancing’
3. The effects
4. The government measures
5. The resurgence of Thai values
6. Pandemic, corruption, inequality, and democracy
7. Conclusion
Chapter 5. Disaster risk governance in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic in Central America: the case of Guatemala
1. These threats according to the international frameworks
2. Approaches to disasters
3. Systemic threats
4. Disaster risk governance and the Sendai Framework
5. The case of risk governance and COVID-19 in Guatemala
6. Conclusion
Chapter 6. National perspectives of COVID-19: case of Sri Lanka
1. Introduction
2. A global perspective of preparedness planning for pandemics and other biological hazards
3. Methodology
4. Results and discussion
5. Conclusion
Chapter 7. Extent and appraisal of COVID-19 pandemic, risk governance, and resilience in Pakistan
1. Introduction
2. COVID-19 pandemic and Pakistan
3. Health facilities for COVID-19 in Pakistan
4. COVID-19 resilience
5. Conclusion
Chapter 8. Epidemics and pandemics risk governance: a case of post-COVID-19 in the United Kingdom
1. Introduction
2. Methods
3. Key concepts
4. Pandemic risk governance in the United Kingdom
5. Conclusions
Chapter 9. Risk governance, resilience, and response against COVID-19 in the Republic of Korea
1. Introduction
2. Korea's infectious disease response system
3. Korea's response to COVID-19
4. Findings
5. Conclusion
Chapter 10. Sri Lanka's fight against COVID-19: a brief overview
1. Introduction
2. The health-care structure of Sri Lanka
3. The public responsiveness
4. Traditional social practices
5. The geographic location of the country
6. The role of military and police on COVID-19 management in Sri Lanka
7. The role of media on COVID-19 management in Sri Lanka
8. Risk communication plan
9. Challenges faced
10. Conclusion
Chapter 11. COVID-19 pandemic in the Arctic and Subarctic
1. Introduction
2. COVID-19 action plan
3. Discussion
4. Impact of COVID-19 in the world and Arctic and Subarctic regions
5. Analysis of Arctic tourism in the pandemic era
6. Conclusion
Chapter 12. National perspectives of COVID-19 in the Maldives
1. Global context
2. Maldivian context
3. Overview of legal frameworks
4. Perspectives of COVID-19
5. Conclusion
Chapter 13. Reflections on pandemic governance in China and its implications to future 5G strategy
1. Introduction—governance mechanism of China
2. Reasons for rapid COVID-19 recovery in China
3. Attempt to turn COVID-19 to opportunity: 5G
4. Analysis on 5G governance in post-COVID-19
5. Conclusions
Chapter 14. Reflections on pandemic governance in Japan
1. Introduction—governance mechanism of Japan
2. Application of governance system of COVID-19 in Japan
3. Key issues and challenges in COVID-19
4. Recommendations for future governance: adaptive governance
5. Conclusion
Part II. Capacity and response of local government
Chapter 15. The Rohingyas in Bangladesh: the 2020 pandemic and the aftermath
1. Introduction
2. Associated issues with Rohingya
3. The COVID-19 pandemic
4. The move to settle some refugees in Bhasan Char
5. Conclusion
Chapter 16. Guesstimating the COVID-19 burden: what is the best model?
1. Introduction
2. Mass testing and screening model
3. Cross-country comparisons
4. Limitations of PCR testing
5. Serologic tests
6. Insights from South Asia
7. Trace, test, and treat model of South Korea
8. Sero-prevalence findings from Pakistan
9. Conclusion
Chapter 17. Pandemic management in mountainous regions: challenges and opportunities
1. Introduction
2. Conclusions
Chapter 18. Redefining vulnerability and resilience from COVID-19 lens: a case study of COVID-19 management in Bihar, India
1. Introduction
2. An overview of COVID-19 in India
3. Methodology
4. Bihar and COVID-19 management
5. The vulnerability and resilience discourse from COVID-19 lens
6. Discussion
7. Conclusion
Chapter 19. Uttar Pradesh: state governance and response in COVID-19 pandemic
1. Introduction
2. COVID-19 pandemic in Uttar Pradesh
3. The strategy for containment and quarantine in 2020
4. Transportation
5. Relief distribution
6. Governance of line departments in Uttar Pradesh
7. Futuristic arrangements by the state government
8. Good practices of Uttar Pradesh observed by central team
9. Governance challenges
10. Conclusion
Chapter 20. Development and operationalization of disaster risk management framework for COVID-19 pandemic: Quezon City inclusive unified response, recovery, and rehabilitation action plan 2020–2030
1. Introduction
2. Objective
3. Methodology
4. Interpretation
5. Output: Quezon City disaster management framework for COVID-19 pandemic
6. Application of QC DRMF-COVID-19-P
7. Outcome: inclusive unified response, recovery, and rehabilitation action plan 2020–30
Annex A
Chapter 21. Risk Governance Perspectives for compounding hazards: a case study in Megacity Kolkata
1. Introduction
2. COVID-19 and Cyclone Amphan: the twin tragedy
3. Contextualizing sustainable development goals for city resilience
4. Discussion and conclusion
Part III. Livelihoods
Chapter 22. Government and public health measures in response to COVID-19 pandemic and impacts on fisheries and aquaculture in Thailand
1. Introduction
2. Village health volunteers in Thailand
3. COVID-19 communication and translation
4. COVID-19 impact on fisheries sector
5. Positive impact of COVID-19
6. Risk management and governance decisions on COVID-19 at national level
7. Recommendation for preventing COVID-19
8. Conclusion
Chapter 23. Response and resilience of agricultural value chain to COVID-19 pandemic in India and Thailand
1. Background
2. Impact on Indian agriculture
3. Impact on Thailand agriculture
4. Impacts of COVID-19 on agricultural food system value chain in India and Thailand
5. Implications for the stakeholders
6. Relevant digital technologies and tools
7. Conclusion and way forward
Chapter 24. Assessing the impact of COVID-19 to tourism and adaptation strategies: a case study in Thua Thien Hue, Vietnam
1. Introduction
2. Methodology
3. Study area
4. Results and discussion
5. Discussion
6. Conclusion
Chapter 25. Positive externality matters in the COVID-19 pandemic: the case of women informal businesses in District Mardan, Pakistan
1. Introduction
2. Data and methods
3. Results
4. Discussion and contribution
5. Conclusion
Chapter 26. Pandemic risk, response, and resilience of fishermen in Ghana: a case study of fishing communities in Stratum VII, Volta Lake
1. Introduction
2. Methodology
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusion
Chapter 27. COVID-19 national response on tourism sector: a case study of Western division of Vitilevu, Fiji Islands
1. Introduction
2. Study area and research methodology
3. Discussion and analysis
4. Physical impacts on tourism industries and attraction
5. Health impact of COVID-19
6. Agriculture sector and food supplies during COVID-19
7. Conclusion and recommendation
Part IV. Community, awareness, and education
Chapter 28. Risk management and resilience of schools in response to the COVID-19 pandemic
1. Background
2. Objective of study
3. Research design
4. Findings
5. Conclusion
6. Discussion
Chapter 29. Impacts of pandemic on education sector in Thailand
1. Introduction
2. COVID-19 impacts on education sector in global level
3. COVID-19 impacts on education sector in Thailand
4. Conclusion
Chapter 30. Knowledge gaps and operational challenges in managing COVID-19 in Bangladesh: postpandemic strategies in multi-disaster contexts
1. Introduction
2. COVID-19 crisis in Bangladesh: characterization and learning to date
3. The social contexts and economic impacts of COVID-19 in Bangladesh
4. Bangladesh in post-corona era
5. The COVID-19 pandemic in current global reality
6. Conclusions
Index

Indrajit Pal

Dr. Indrajit Pal, an associate professor in the Disaster Preparedness, Mitigation, and Management program at the Asian Institute of Technology, Thailand, brings over 21 years of expertise in disaster risk governance, hazard assessment, CBDRM, public health risk, and disaster resilience. With a distinguished background, he previously contributed to the Centre for Disaster Management at Lal Bahadur Shastri National Academy of Administration, India. Dr. Pal holds a pivotal role as a Board member of the Global Alliance of Disaster Research Institutes (GADRI), Japan, and serves as a Visiting Professor at Keio University. His advisory contributions extend to Disaster Risk Reduction for the Regional Integrated Multi-Hazard Early Warning System for Africa and Asia (RIMES). Dr. Pal is a prolific author and editor, with a portfolio of 15 books and over 180 peer-reviewed papers and chapters. Leading impactful projects in the Asia-Pacific region, his research focuses on risk characterization in Asian Delta communities and climate resilience in Lao PDR.

Affiliations and expertise

Assistant Professor of Disaster Preparedness, Mitigation and Management, Asian Institute of Technology, India

Rajib Shaw

Dr. Rajib Shaw is a professor at Keio University's Graduate School of Media and Governance. He is also the Chairperson of SEEDS Asia and CWS Japan, two Japanese NGOs, and a Senior Fellow of the Institute of Global Environmental Strategies (IGES) Japan. He was previously the Executive Director of the Integrated Research on Disaster Risk (IRDR) and a Kyoto University Professor. Disaster governance, community-based disaster risk management, climate change adaptation, urban risk management, and disaster and environmental education are all areas of interest for him. Professor Shaw is the Chair of the UN Science Technology Advisory Group for Disaster Risk Reduction (STAG) and the Co-Chair of the Asia Science Technology Academic Advisory Group (ASTAAG). He's also the CLA (Coordinating Lead Author) for the IPCC's 6th Assessment Report's Asia chapter. He is the editor-in-chief of the journal "Progress in Disaster Science" published by Elsevier, as well as the series editor of a Springer book series on disaster risk reduction. Prof. Shaw has over 45 books to his credit, as well as over 300 scholarly papers and book chapters.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Japan

Life Sciences

Physical Sciences & Engineering

Social Sciences & Humanities

Health