Nutrition and Biochemistry for Nurses, 3e

3rd Edition - November 26, 2020
Authors: Venkatraman Sreemathy, Sucheta P. Dandekar
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 8 1 - 3 1 2 - 5 7 8 6 - 9
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 8 1 - 3 1 2 - 5 7 8 7 - 6

Nutrition and Biochemistry for Nurses has been designed to meet the requirements of B.Sc. Nursing students. The information and concepts presented within the book will help stud… Read more

Nutrition and Biochemistry for Nurses, 3e

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Nutrition and Biochemistry for Nurses has been designed to meet the requirements of B.Sc. Nursing students. The information and concepts presented within the book will help students keep abreast of the recent changes and current updates in the field of nutrition and biochemistry.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Dedications
Preface to the third edition
Preface to the first edition
Reviewers
Acknowledgements
Part A: Nutrition
Chapter 1: Introduction
Terminologies
History of nutrition
Role of nutrition in maintaining health
Roles of individual nutrients
Factors that cause malnutrition
Important identified priorities in the area of nutrition
Role of food and its medicinal value
Factors that affect food and nutrition
Food standards
Classification of foods
Nutrients
Organic and inorganic foods
Energy-yielding and nonenergy-yielding nutrients
Recommended dietary allowances
Elements of a balanced diet
Basal metabolic rate
Chapter in a nutshell
Exercises
Chapter 2: Carbohydrates
Definition
Classification
Calorific value
Functions of carbohydrates
Energy
Energy value of food
Basal metabolic rate
Digestion, absorption and storage
Metabolism of carbohydrates
Deficiency of carbohydrates
Overconsumption
Chapter in a nutshell
Exercises
Chapter 3: Proteins
Amino acids
Properties of protein
Classification of proteins
Sources of proteins
Digestion, absorption and transportation
Note for vegetarians
Quality of proteins
Recommended dietary allowances (RDAs)
Digestion of proteins
Metabolism of proteins
Deficiencies
Overconsumption
Chapter in a nutshell
Exercises
Chapter 4: Fats
Definition
Characteristics or properties
Classification of lipids
Fatty acids
Hydrogenation
Rancidity
Functions of fats
Sources
Fat in food and its link to health
Digestion and absorption
Storage of fats
Recommended dietary allowances
Metabolism
Deficiency
Overconsumption
Chapter in a nutshell
Exercises
Chapter 5: Vitamins
Properties of vitamins
Classification of vitamins
Vitamin deficiencies
Causes of vitamin deficiency
Water-soluble vitamins
Properties of water-soluble vitamins
Fat-soluble vitamins
Properties of fat-soluble vitamins
Recommended allowances for vitamin A
Recommended intake of folic acid and vitamin B12
Recommended allowances of B-complex vitamins for Indians
Increase in micronutrient deficiency in population and its link to malnutrition
Hypervitaminosis
Chapter in a nutshell
Exercises
Chapter 6: Minerals
Definition
Properties
Major minerals
Chapter in a nutshell
Exercises
Chapter 7: Balanced diet
Definition
Principles of a balanced diet
Elements of a balanced diet
Dietary guidelines
Food exchange system
Exchange lists
Balanced diets
Nutrition across the life cycle
Nutrition during pregnancy
Anaemia in pregnancy
Iron and folic acid supplementation
Nutrition for the newborn/infant
Nutrition during childhood
Nutrition during adolescence
Nutrition during adulthood
Seniors—Special attention to menu planning
Recommended dietary allowances
Food guide pyramid
Budgeting of food
Chapter in a nutshell
Exercises
Chapter 8: Nutritional deficiency disorders
Protein-energy malnutrition
Severe acute malnutrition
Childhood obesity
Vitamin deficiencies
Mineral deficiencies
Nurse’s role
Nurse’s role in assessing malnutrition in the community
Chapter in a nutshell
Exercises
Chapter 9: Therapeutic diets
Definition
Objectives of therapeutic diets
Principles of therapeutic diets
Types of therapeutic diets
Naturopathy diet
Macrobiotic diet
Feeding techniques
Dietary modification in specific diseases
Parenteral feeding
Practical preparation of therapeutic diets
Full liquids
Semisolids
Soft diet
Weaning or complementary foods
Chapter in a nutshell
Exercises
Chapter 10: Cookery rules
Definition of cooking
Benefits of cooking
Methods of cooking
Preservation of nutrients
Safe food handling and toxicity
Toxicity in foods
Food storage
Food preservation
Food additives
Food standards
Food safety and standards authority of India
Chapter in a nutshell
Exercises
Chapter 11: Nutrition assessment and nutrition education
Assessment of nutritional status and its different methods
Assessment of nutritional status by anthropometry
ABCD Nutritional Assessment in an outpatient or community setting
Tools used for assessment anthropometry (Fig. 11.2)
Nutrition education and role of nurse in nutrition education
Role of nurse in nutrition education
Chapter in a nutshell
Exercises
Chapter 12: National nutrition programmes and role of nurse
Nutritional problems in India
National programmes related to nutrition
Anaemia Mukth Bharath
Agencies working towards food and nutrition
National agencies
Role of nurse in nutrition education
Chapter in a nutshell
Exercises
Part B: Biochemistry
Chapter 13: Introduction to biochemistry
Biochemistry and disease
Role of biochemistry in nursing
Chapter 14: Carbohydrates
Definition
Classification
Carbohydrate metabolism
Investigations and interpretations
Chapter in a nutshell
Exercises
Chapter 15: Lipids
Definition and properties
Classification of lipids
Fatty acids
Eicosanoids
Triacylglycerols (TAGs/TGs)
TAG metabolism
Steroids
Cholesterol metabolism
Lipoproteins
Investigations and interpretations
Chapter in a nutshell
Exercises
Chapter 16: Proteins, nucleic acids and protein synthesis
Definition
General nature of amino acids
Classification of amino acids
Uncommon amino acids
Properties of amino acids
Peptides
Classification of proteins
Structure of proteins
Properties of proteins
Plasma proteins
Metabolism of proteins
Fate of amino acid nitrogen
Fate of ammonia
Transcarboxylation
Decarboxylation
Transamidation
Transmethylation
Separation techniques
Chapter in a nutshell
Exercises
Chapter 17: Enzymes and clinical enzymology
Enzymes, coenzymes and cofactors
Catalytic site and mechanism of action
Classification of enzymes
Specificity
Enzyme inhibition
Allosterism
Isoenzymes
Regulation of enzymes
Clinical enzymology
Chapter in a nutshell
Exercises
Chapter 18: Acid–base balance
Importance of acid–base balance
Buffer systems
Disorders of acid–base homeostasis
Investigations and interpretations
Chapter in a nutshell
Exercises
Chapter 19: Haemoglobin
Haem
Absorption, transport and storage of iron
Anaemia
Iron excess or overload
Bronze diabetes
Iron toxicity
Chapter in a nutshell
Exercises
Chapter 20: Organ function tests
Liver function tests
Renal function tests
Thyroid function tests
Chapter in a nutshell
Exercises
Chapter 21: Immunochemistry
Immunochemistry
Antigens
Antibodies (also see immunoglobulins)
Adaptive immunity
Mononuclear phagocytes—Macrophages
Cell cytokines
Immunization
Human leukocyte antigen typing
Investigations and interpretations
Chapter in a nutshell
Exercises
Appendix A: Energy
Introduction
Unit of energy
Energy value of food
Energy requirements for different categories of people
Energy requirements of Indians
Measurements of energy
Calculation of energy requirement for an individual
Energy balance
Obesity
Appendix B: Water and electrolyte balance (Nutrition)
Introduction
Functions of water
Water distribution in the body
Distribution of water in the body of a man weighing 70 kg
Sources of water
Water loss
Dehydration
Regulation of water in the body
Electrolytes
Functions of electrolytes
Composition of body fluids
Electrolyte balance
Appendix C: Cell
Introduction
Cell and its structure
Prokaryotes and eukaryotes
Eukaryotic cell components and their functions
Microscopy
Appendix D: Cell membrane—Structure, composition and functions
Introduction
Constituents of the cell membrane
Fluid mosaic model of cell membrane
Transport across the cell membrane
Transport mechanisms
Cytoskeleton
Appendix E: Vitamins
Introduction
Water-soluble vitamins
Fat-soluble vitamins
Appendix F: Mineral metabolism
Introduction
Sodium
Potassium
Chloride
Calcium
Phosphorus
Magnesium
Sulphur
Iron
Iodine
Zinc
Copper
Molybdenum
Fluorine
Selenium
Cobalt
Chromium
Manganese
Appendix G: Water and electrolyte balance (Biochemistry)
Introduction
Body water (body fluid compartments)
Water balance
Dehydration
Index