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Neuroscience
Fundamentals for Rehabilitation
- 6th Edition - April 20, 2022
- Author: Laurie Lundy-Ekman
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 7 9 2 6 7 - 7
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 7 9 2 6 8 - 4
Use your knowledge of the nervous system to understand and treat neurologic disorders! Neuroscience: Fundamentals for Rehabilitation, 6th Edition provides an illustrated guid… Read more
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Request a sales quoteUse your knowledge of the nervous system to understand and treat neurologic disorders! Neuroscience: Fundamentals for Rehabilitation, 6th Edition provides an illustrated guide to neurology and how it affects the practice of physical and occupational therapy. Case studies and first-person stories from people with neurologic disorders make it easier to develop clinical reasoning skills and apply your knowledge to the clinical setting. This edition includes an enhanced eBook free with each purchase of a new print book. Written by noted PT educator Laurie Lundy-Ekman, Neuroscience uses evidence-based research to help you evaluate and treat clients who have physical limitations due to nervous system damage or disease.
- Logical, systems approach to neuroscience makes it easier to master complex information and provides a framework for conducting a neurologic examination and evaluation.
- Clinical perspective of neuroscience is provided through case studies, personal stories written by people with neurologic disorders, and summaries of key features of neurologic disorders and the body systems they affect.
- Six sections — Overview of Neurology, Neuroscience at the Cellular Level, Development of the Nervous System, Vertical Systems, Regions, and Neurologic Tests — first show how neural cells operate, and then allow you to apply your knowledge of neuroscience.
- Coverage of key physical rehabilitation topics includes abnormal muscle tone, chronic pain, control of movement, and differential diagnosis of dizziness.
- Hundreds of color-coded illustrations show body structures and functions across systems.
- Full-color atlas includes photographs of the human brain along with labeled line drawings.
- Clinical Notes case studies demonstrate how neuroscience concepts may be applied to clinical situations.
- Pathology boxes provide a quick summary of the features of neurologic disorders commonly encountered in rehabilitation practice.
- Physical Therapy (DPT) students –
243 accredited programs; 17 developing programs;
31,380 students enrolled
- Physical Therapy Assistant (PTA) students –
360 accredited programs; 40 developing programs;
12,945 students enrolled
- Occupational Therapy students–
- Doctor of Occupational Therapy (DOT)
- 20 accredited programs
- 2,086 students enrolled
- Master of Occupational Therapy (MOT)
- 162 accredited programs
- 19,262 students enrolled
- Occupational Therapy Assistant (OTA)
- 215 accredited programs
- 9,580 students enrolled
- Cover Image
- Title Page
- Quick Reference Figures
- Copyright
- Contributors
- Contributors to Previous Editions
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- Contents
- Chapter 1 Introduction to Neuroscience
- Chapter Outline
- ANALYSIS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
- WHAT DO WE LEARN FROM THESE STUDIES?
- ORGANIZATION OF THIS BOOK
- DIAGNOSTIC CLINICAL REASONING
- Reference
- Part 1 Overview of Neurology
- Chapter 2 Neuroanatomy
- Chapter Objectives
- Chapter Outline
- INTRODUCTION TO NEUROANATOMY
- INTRODUCTION TO THE ATLAS
- CELLULAR-LEVEL NEUROANATOMY
- PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
- CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
- CEREBROSPINAL FLUID SYSTEM: VENTRICLES AND MENINGES
- BLOOD SUPPLY
- SUMMARY
- ATLAS
- Chapter 3 Neurologic Disorders and the Neurologic Examination
- Chapter Objectives
- Chapter Outline
- CLINICAL APPLICATION OF LEARNING NEUROSCIENCE
- NEUROLOGIC DISORDERS
- NEUROLOGIC EXAMINATION
- DIAGNOSIS
- References
- Chapter 4 Neuroimaging and Neuroanatomy Atlas
- Chapter Objectives
- Chapter Outline
- COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
- MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
- NEUROANGIOGRAPHY
- FUNCTIONAL IMAGING TECHNIQUES
- CONCLUSION
- NEUROANATOMY IMAGING ATLAS
- References
- Part 2 Neuroscience at the Cellular Level
- Chapter 5 Physical and Electrical Properties of Cells in the Nervous System
- Chapter Objectives
- Chapter Outline
- INTRODUCTION
- STRUCTURE OF NEURONS
- PROPAGATION OF INFORMATION BY NEURONS
- RESTING MEMBRANE POTENTIAL
- CHANGES FROM RESTING MEMBRANE POTENTIAL
- DIRECTION OF INFORMATION FLOW IN NEURONS
- INTERACTIONS BETWEEN NEURONS
- GLIA: SIGNALING AND SUPPORTING CELLS
- NEUROINFLAMMATION: BENEFICIAL AND HARMFUL EFFECTS
- MYELIN: CLINICAL APPLICATION
- NEURAL STEM CELLS
- SUMMARY
- References
- Chapter 6 Neural Communication: Synaptic and Extrasynaptic Transmission
- Chapter Objectives
- Chapter Outline
- STRUCTURE OF THE SYNAPSE
- NEUROTRANSMITTER RELEASE
- REGULATION OF SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION
- FAST TRANSMISSION AND SLOW TRANSMISSION
- RECEPTORS AND RELEASE MECHANISMS DICTATE SYNAPTIC RESPONSES
- SPECIFIC NEUROTRANSMITTERS
- NEUROTRANSMITTER AGONISTS AND ANTAGONISTS
- DISORDERS OF SYNAPTIC FUNCTION
- SUMMARY
- References
- Chapter 7 Neuroplasticity
- Chapter Objectives
- Chapter Outline
- HABITUATION
- EXPERIENCE-DEPENDENT PLASTICITY: LEARNING AND MEMORY
- METABOLIC EFFECTS OF BRAIN INJURY
- AXONAL INJURY
- CELLULAR RECOVERY FROM INJURY
- EFFECTS OF REHABILITATION ON PLASTICITY
- SUMMARY
- References
- Part 3 Development of the Nervous System
- Chapter 8 Development of the Nervous System
- Chapter Objectives
- Chapter Outline
- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES IN UTERO
- FORMATION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
- CELLULAR-LEVEL DEVELOPMENT
- NERVOUS SYSTEM CHANGES DURING INFANCY
- DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS: IN UTERO AND PERINATAL DAMAGE TO THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
- SUMMARY
- References
- Part 4 Vertical Systems
- Chapter 9 Autonomic Nervous System
- Chapter Objectives
- Chapter Outline
- RECEPTORS
- AFFERENT PATHWAYS
- CENTRAL REGULATION OF VISCERAL FUNCTION
- EFFERENT PATHWAYS
- SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
- PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
- COMPARISON OF SYMPATHETIC AND PARASYMPATHETIC FUNCTIONS
- CLINICAL CORRELATIONS
- SUMMARY
- References
- Chapter 10 Peripheral Somatosensory System
- Chapter Objectives
- Chapter Outline
- SENSORY RECEPTORS
- SOMATOSENSORY FIRST-ORDER NEURONS
- CUTANEOUS INNERVATION
- MUSCULOSKELETAL INNERVATION
- CLINICAL APPLICATION
- SUMMARY
- References
- Chapter 11 Central Somatosensory System
- Chapter Objectives
- Chapter Outline
- FUNCTIONS OF SOMATOSENSATION
- CONTRIBUTION OF SOMATOSENSORY INFORMATION TO MOVEMENT
- SOMATOSENSORY INFORMATION PROTECTS AGAINST INJURY
- PATHWAYS TO THE BRAIN
- CONSCIOUS RELAY PATHWAYS TO THE CEREBRAL CORTEX
- COMPARISON OF DORSAL COLUMN/MEDIAL LEMNISCUS AND SPINOTHALAMIC PATHWAYS
- SLOW NOCICEPTION, THE MEDIAL NOCICEPTION SYSTEM: DIVERGENT PATHWAYS WITH PROJECTION NEURONS IN THE ANTEROLATERAL COLUMNS
- SUMMARY OF THE SOMATOSENSORY SYSTEM
- SOMATOSENSORY SYSTEM LESIONS
- CLINICAL PERSPECTIVES ON PAIN
- SUMMARY
- References
- Chapter 12 Pain as a Disease and as a Symptom
- Chapter Objectives
- Chapter Outline
- CHRONIC PAIN AS A DISEASE (PRIMARY PAIN) OR AS A SYMPTOM (SECONDARY PAIN)
- CENTRAL SENSITIZATION
- CHRONIC PRIMARY PAIN SYNDROMES
- CHRONIC SECONDARY PAIN SYNDROMES
- NEUROPATHIC PAIN
- MEDICATIONS FOR CHRONIC PAIN
- BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL MODEL OF CHRONIC PAIN
- SUMMARY
- References
- Chapter 13 Motor System: Lower Motor Neurons and Spinal Motor Function
- Chapter Objectives
- Chapter Outline
- MOTOR SYSTEM
- SKELETAL MUSCLE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
- LOWER MOTOR NEURONS
- SPINAL REGION MOTOR FUNCTION
- CONTRACTURE: CONNECTIVE TISSUE AND NUMBER OF SARCOMERES ADAPT TO PROLONGED SHORTENED POSITION
- INVOLUNTARY MUSCLE CONTRACTIONS
- SIGNS OF LOWER MOTOR NEURON LESIONS
- ELECTRODIAGNOSTIC STUDIES
- DISORDERS OF LOWER MOTOR NEURONS
- SUMMARY
- Chapter 14 Motor System: Upper Motor Neurons
- Chapter Objectives
- Chapter Outline
- CENTRAL MOTOR SYSTEM
- UPPER MOTOR NEURONS TO THE SPINAL CORD
- UPPER MOTOR NEURON SYNDROME
- SIGNS OF UPPER MOTOR NEURON SYNDROME
- LOSS OF FUNCTION SIGNS OF UPPER MOTOR NEURON LESIONS
- GAIN OF FUNCTION SIGNS IN UPPER MOTOR NEURON SYNDROME
- MECHANISM OF FUNCTIONAL LIMITATIONS DEPENDSON SITE OF LESION AND WHETHER LESION OCCURS PERINATALLY
- PRIMARY MOTOR CONTROL PROBLEMS IN MOST UPPER MOTOR NEURON SYNDROMES: PARESIS/PARALYSIS AND IMPAIRED SELECTIVE MOTOR CONTROL
- SURFACE ELECTROMYOGRAPHY DIFFERENTIATES SOME IMPAIRMENTS SECONDARY TO UPPER MOTOR NEURON LESIONS
- UPPER MOTOR NEURON LESIONS: COMMON CHARACTERISTICS AND DIFFERENCES
- INTERVENTIONS FOR IMPAIRMENTS SECONDARY TO UPPER MOTOR NEURON LESIONS
- AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
- SUMMARY
- Chapter 15 Motor, Cognitive, and Emotion Systems: The Cerebellum
- Chapter Objectives
- Chapter Outline
- INTRODUCTION TO THE CEREBELLUM
- MOVEMENT REGIONS OF THE CEREBELLUM
- CEREBROCEREBELLUM: COGNITIVE, EMOTIONAL, AND SOCIAL FUNCTIONS
- MOTOR SIGNS OF CEREBELLAR DYSFUNCTION
- DISORDERS THAT AFFECT THE CEREBELLUM
- SUMMARY
- References
- Chapter 16 Motor and Psychologic Functions: Basal Ganglia
- Chapter Objectives
- Chapter Outline
- ANATOMIC ORIENTATION TO THE BASAL GANGLIA
- BASAL GANGLIA CIRCUITRY
- BASAL GANGLIA MOTOR CONTROL
- BASAL GANGLIA DISORDERS
- SUMMARY
- References
- Chapter 17 Control of Movement
- Chapter Objectives
- Chapter Outline
- MOVEMENT STRATEGIES
- SENSORY CONTRIBUTION TO MOVEMENT CONTROL
- FEEDFORWARD AND FEEDBACK
- THREE FUNDAMENTAL TYPES OF MOVEMENT
- SUMMARY OF NORMAL MOTOR CONTROL
- EFFECT OF SENSORY LOSS ON MOTOR CONTROL
- CONTROL OF POSTURE AND WALKING IN NEUROLOGIC CONDITIONS
- Reach and Grasp in Neurologic Conditions
- SUMMARY OF NEURAL STRUCTURES INVOLVED IN MOTOR SYSTEM PATHOLOGY
- References
- Part 5 Regions
- Chapter 18 Peripheral Region
- Chapter Objectives
- Chapter Outline
- PERIPHERAL NERVES
- NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION
- DYSFUNCTION OF PERIPHERAL NERVES
- CLASSIFICATION OF NEUROPATHIES
- DYSFUNCTIONS OF THE NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION
- MYOPATHY
- ELECTRODIAGNOSTIC STUDIES
- CLINICAL TESTING
- INTERVENTIONS FOR PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY
- SUMMARY
- References
- Appendix 18.1 Distribution of Nerves in the Upper Limbs
- Appendix 18.2 Distribution of Nerves in the Lower Limbs
- Chapter 19 Spinal Region
- Chapter Objectives
- Chapter Outline
- ANATOMY OF THE SPINAL REGION
- MOVEMENTS OF THE SPINAL CORD AND ROOTS WITHIN THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN
- FUNCTIONS OF THE SPINAL CORD
- SPINAL CORD MOTOR COORDINATION
- SPINAL CONTROL OF PELVIC ORGAN FUNCTION
- EFFECTS OF SEGMENTAL AND TRACT LESIONS IN THE SPINAL REGION
- DIFFERENTIATING SPINAL REGION FROM PERIPHERAL REGION LESIONS
- SPINAL REGION SYNDROMES
- EFFECTS OF SPINAL REGION DYSFUNCTION ON PELVIC ORGAN FUNCTION
- TRAUMATIC SPINAL CORD INJURY
- SPECIFIC DISORDERS AFFECTING SPINAL REGION FUNCTION
- SUMMARY
- References
- Chapter 20 Cranial Nerves
- Chapter Objectives
- Chapter Outline
- CRANIAL NERVE 1: OLFACTORY
- CRANIAL NERVES 2 THROUGH 4 AND 6: OPTIC, OCULOMOTOR, TROCHLEAR, AND ABDUCENS
- CRANIAL NERVE 5: TRIGEMINAL
- CRANIAL NERVE 7: FACIAL
- CRANIAL NERVE 8: VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR
- CRANIAL NERVE 9: GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL
- CRANIAL NERVE 10: VAGUS
- CRANIAL NERVE 11: ACCESSORY
- CRANIAL NERVE 12: HYPOGLOSSAL
- CRANIAL NERVES INVOLVED IN SWALLOWING AND SPEAKING
- DESCENDING CONTROL OF MOTOR CRANIAL NERVES
- DISORDERS AFFECTING CRANIAL NERVES 1, 5, AND 7-12
- SUMMARY
- References
- Chapter 21 Brainstem Region
- Chapter Objectives
- Chapter Outline
- VERTICAL TRACTS IN THE BRAINSTEM
- LONGITUDINAL SECTIONS OF THE BRAINSTEM
- MIDBRAIN
- PONS
- MEDULLA
- RETICULAR FORMATION
- RETICULAR NUCLEI AND THEIR NEUROTRANSMITTERS
- CEREBELLUM
- ARTERIAL SUPPLY TO THE BRAINSTEM AND CEREBELLUM
- NEUROLOGIC SIGNS IN BRAINSTEM LESIONS
- BRAINSTEM RULE OF 4: METHOD FOR RECALLING BRAINSTEM ANATOMY AND UNDERSTANDING BRAINSTEM LESIONS
- DISORDERS IN THE BRAINSTEM REGION
- SUMMARY
- References
- Chapter 22 Visual System
- Chapter Objectives
- Chapter Outline
- VISUAL SYSTEM
- CRANIAL NERVE 3: OCULOMOTOR PARASYMPATHETIC EFFERENTS FOR THE PUPILLARY LIGHT REFLEX AND THE NEAR TRIAD
- CRANIAL NERVES 3, 4, AND 6: OCULOMOTOR, TROCHLEAR, AND ABDUCENS: CONTROL OF EYE MOVEMENTS
- COORDINATION OF EYE MOVEMENTS: MEDIAL LONGITUDINAL FASCICULUS
- EYE MOVEMENT SYSTEM
- DISORDERS OF VISION
- LESIONS AFFECTING CRANIAL NERVES 3, 4, AND 6
- MOTION SICKNESS
- SUMMARY
- References
- Chapter 23 Vestibular System
- Chapter Objectives
- Chapter Outline
- PERIPHERAL VESTIBULAR SYSTEM
- PERCEPTION: INHIBITORY VISUAL-VESTIBULAR INTERACTION IN THE CEREBRAL CORTEX
- SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF VESTIBULAR DISORDERS
- PERIPHERAL VESTIBULAR DISORDERS
- NORMAL CENTRAL VESTIBULAR SYSTEM
- VESTIBULAR ROLE IN MOTOR CONTROL
- CENTRAL VESTIBULAR DISORDERS
- UNILATERAL VESTIBULAR LOSS
- BILATERAL VESTIBULAR LOSS
- EVALUATING THE VESTIBULAR SYSTEM
- REHABILITATION IN VESTIBULAR DISORDERS
- SUMMARY
- References
- Chapter 24 Dizziness and Unsteadiness
- Chapter Objectives
- Chapter Outline
- INTRODUCTION
- TRADITIONAL VERSUS EVIDENCE-BASED APPROACH TO DIZZINESS AND UNSTEADINESS
- GENERAL APPROACH TO DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF DIZZINESS
- FREQUENCY OF SPECIFIC CAUSES OF DIZZINESS/UNSTEADINESS
- DIAGNOSTIC PROCESS: HOW TO USE THE APPENDICES
- References
- Appendix A How to Categorize Acute-Onset Dizziness
- Appendix B How to Categorize Chronic-Duration Dizziness and Unsteadiness
- Chapter 25 Cerebrospinal Fluid System
- Chapter Objectives
- Chapter Outline
- CEREBROSPINAL FLUID SYSTEM
- CLINICAL DISORDERS OF THE CEREBROSPINAL FLUID SYSTEM
- CRANIOSACRAL THERAPY
- SUMMARY
- References
- Chapter 26 Blood Supply, Stroke, Fluid Dynamics, and Intracranial Pressure
- Chapter Objectives
- Chapter Outline
- DISORDERS OF VASCULAR SUPPLY
- TYPES OF STROKE
- STROKE SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS BY ARTERIAL LOCATION
- DISORDERS OF VASCULAR FORMATION
- FLUID DYNAMICS
- INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE
- BRAIN HERNIATIONS
- REVIEW OF EVALUATION OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW
- VENOUS SYSTEM
- SUMMARY
- References
- Chapter 27 Cerebrum
- Chapter Objectives
- Chapter Outline
- INTRODUCTION
- DIENCEPHALON
- SUBCORTICAL STRUCTURES
- CEREBRAL CORTEX
- PRIMARY SENSORY AREAS OF THE CEREBRAL CORTEX
- PERCEPTION
- SECONDARY SENSORY AREAS
- PRIMARY MOTOR CORTEX
- CORTICAL MOTOR PLANNING AREAS
- ASSOCIATION AREAS OF THE CEREBRAL CORTEX
- DISORDERS AFFECTING THE CEREBRUM
- DISEASES THAT AFFECT A VARIETY OF CEREBRAL STRUCTURES
- SUMMARY
- References
- Chapter 28 Memory, Consciousness, and Intellect
- Chapter Objectives
- Chapter Outline
- MEMORY
- CONSCIOUSNESS
- INTELLECT
- FAILURE OF DECLARATIVE MEMORY: AMNESIA
- DISORDERS AFFECTING THE CONSCIOUSNESS SYSTEM
- DISORDERS OF INTELLECT
- DEMENTIA
- SUMMARY
- References
- Chapter 29 Behavior, Emotions, Decision Making, Personality: Prefrontal Cortex and Temporal Poles
- Chapter Objectives
- Chapter Outline
- INTRODUCTION
- ASSOCIATION AREAS OF THE CEREBRAL CORTEX
- GOAL-DIRECTED BEHAVIOR AND DIVERGENT THINKING
- EMOTIONS, MOTIVATION, AND SELF-AWARENESS
- SOCIAL BEHAVIOR
- CORRELATION OF PERSONALITY CHARACTERISTICS WITH BRAIN REGIONS
- PSYCHOLOGIC AND SOMATIC INTERACTIONS
- PREFRONTAL CORTEX LESIONS
- NEUROLOGIC/PSYCHIATRIC SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
- PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS
- NEUROLOGIC SYMPTOMS ARE RARELY PSYCHOGENIC
- TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY
- SUMMARY
- References
- Chapter 30 Communication, Directing Attention, and Spatial Cognition: Temporoparietal Association Cortex and Inferior Frontal Gyrus
- Chapter Objectives
- Chapter Outline
- INTRODUCTION
- COMMUNICATION
- DIRECTING ATTENTION
- SPATIAL PERCEPTION
- HEMISPHERIC SPECIALIZATION
- LANGUAGE DISORDERS
- DISORDERS OF NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION
- NEGLECT
- SUMMARY
- References
- Part 6 Neurologic Tests
- Chapter 31 Neurologic Tests
- Chapter Objectives
- Chapter Outline
- PURPOSE OF NEUROLOGIC TESTS
- NEUROLOGIC SCREENING EXAMINATION
- COMPREHENSIVE NEUROLOGIC EXAMINATION
- SPECIAL TESTS
- TESTS OF NEUROLOGIC FUNCTION
- MENTAL STATUS TESTS
- SPECIAL TESTS FOR MENTAL STATUS
- CRANIAL NERVE OBSERVATION AND TESTING
- Screening Tests for Cranial Nerves 2 and 3
- SCREENING TESTS FOR CRANIAL NERVES 3, 4, AND 6
- SCREENING TESTS FOR OCULOMOTOR CENTERS AND PATHWAYS THAT CONTROL EYE MOVEMENTS
- COMPREHENSIVE TESTS FOR CRANIAL NERVES 2 AND 3
- SPECIAL TESTS FOR CRANIAL NERVES 2–4 AND 6
- DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS: CRANIAL NERVE 3, 4, OR 6 LESIONS VERSUS SUPRANUCLEAR OR MEDIAL LONGITUDINAL FASCICULUS LESIONS
- SPECIAL TESTS FOR OCULOMOTOR CENTERS AND PATHWAYS THAT CONTROL EYE MOVEMENTS
- SCREENING TESTS FOR CRANIAL NERVE 5
- COMPREHENSIVE TESTS FOR CRANIAL NERVE 5
- SCREENING TEST FOR CRANIAL NERVE 7
- TESTS FOR CRANIAL NERVE 8
- SPECIAL TESTS TO DETERMINE CAUSES OF DIZZINESS
- CRANIAL NERVE 9: GAG REFLEX
- CRANIAL NERVE 10: SAY “AH”
- CRANIAL NERVE 11: SHOULDER ELEVATION AND HEAD TURN
- CRANIAL NERVE 12
- AUTONOMIC TESTING
- MOTOR TESTING
- SOMATOSENSORY TESTING
- SPECIAL TESTS FOR SOMATOSENSATION
- COORDINATION TESTING
- SPINAL REFLEX TESTING
- SCREENING TESTS FOR POSTURAL CONTROL
- SPECIAL TEST FOR POSTURAL STABILITY
- GAIT
- References
- Glossary
- Index
- No. of pages: 616
- Language: English
- Edition: 6
- Published: April 20, 2022
- Imprint: Saunders
- Paperback ISBN: 9780323792677
- eBook ISBN: 9780323792684
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