Neurobiology of Autism

Series Page

Contributors

Preface: The Neurobiology of Autism: Integrating Genetics, Brain Development, Behavior, and the Environment

Chapter One. Autism Spectrum Disorder and the Cerebellum

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Cerebellar Organization

3 ASD Symptoms in Patients with Cerebellar Disorders

4 Motor Impairment in Autistic Individuals

5 Cerebellar Pathology in Autism

6 Cerebellar Differences in Autism: Structural Neuroimaging

7 Abnormal Cerebellar Activation in Autism

8 Autoimmune Studies in ASD Implicating the Cerebellum

9 Autism Genes in Mouse Cerebellar Development

10 Cerebellar Phenotypes in Rodent Models of Autism

11 Functional Evidence from Mouse Genetics

12 Conclusions

Acknowledgment

References

Chapter Two. Contribution of Long Noncoding RNAs to Autism Spectrum Disorder Risk

Abstract

1 Small ncRNA

2 Long ncRNA

3 LncRNA in Fundamental Genetic Mechanisms

4 LncRNAs in Cancer

5 LncRNAs in the Brain

6 LncRNAs Contribute to ASD

7 Conclusions

References

Chapter Three. Identifying Essential Cell Types and Circuits in Autism Spectrum Disorders

Abstract

1 Introduction to Cell Types and Autism Spectrum Disorder

2 Genetics of ASD

3 Brief Review of Rodent Behavioral Assays Relevant to ASD Symptoms

4 ASD Models Involving Serotonergic Neurons

5 ASD Models Involving GABAergic Interneurons

6 ASD Models Involving the Cerebellum

7 ASD Models Involving the Striatum

8 Other Regions and Cell Types

9 Conclusions

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter Four. Connecting Signaling Pathways Underlying Communication to ASD Vulnerability

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Neuroanatomy of Communication Deficits in ASD

3 Genes Linking Language to ASD

4 Modeling Communication Phenotypes Using Animal Models

5 Evolutionary Comparisons

6 Conclusions and Future Directions

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter Five. MET Receptor Tyrosine Kinase as an Autism Genetic Risk Factor

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 MET Receptor Tyrosine Kinase-Mediated Signaling has a Pleiotropic Role in Multiple Organ Ontogenesis

3 MET Signaling Plays a Role in a Large Number of Neurodevelopment Events

4 MET Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Expression in the Developing Brain

5 The Human MET Gene Emerges as a Prominent Autism Risk Factor

6 Implication of MET Signaling in Neural Development and Functional Connectivity

7 Concluding Remarks

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter Six. Transcriptional Dysregulation of Neocortical Circuit Assembly in ASD

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Transcriptional Regulation of ASD-related Layer-Dependent Identity and Connectivity

3 Discussion

Acknowledgments

References

Further Reading

Chapter Seven. Motor Skill in Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Subcortical View

Abstract

1 Why Study Motor Skill in Autism?

2 Overview of Motor Skill Deficits

3 Mapping Autism Motor Skill Findings into a Useful Framework

4 Can We Intervene?

5 Summary

References

Chapter Eight. Orchestration of Neurodevelopmental Programs by RBFOX1: Implications for Autism Spectrum Disorder

Abstract

1 Neurodevelopment and the RBFOX1 RNA Splicing Factor

2 RBFOX1 Genetic Variation and Autism Spectrum Disorder

3 The Contributions of RBFOX1 Model Systems to Molecular Pathogenesis

4 A Model for the Dysregulation of RBFOX1 in Human Neurodevelopmental Disease

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter Nine. Immune Dysregulation in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Abstract

1 Introduction: The Autism Spectrum

2 Genetic and Environmental Contributions to ASD

3 Immune Activation as a Primary Risk Factor for ASD

4 Immune-Related Genetic Risk Factors for ASD

5 Postnatal Immune Dysregulation in ASD

6 Immune Contributions to ASD Pathogenesis

7 Immune-Related Therapies for ASD

8 Conclusion

References

Chapter Ten. Autism Susceptibility Genes and the Transcriptional Landscape of the Human Brain

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 ASD Susceptibility Genes

3 ASD Brain Transcriptome Studies

4 Transcriptional Properties of ASD Genes in the Normal Human Brain

5 Conclusions and Further Directions

Acknowledgments

References

Index

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