Muscle Function Testing

IntroductionSection 1 Muscle Function Testing: Individual Parts Part 1 The Face Part 2 The Trunk 1 The Neck: Flexion 2 The Neck: Extension 3 The Trunk: Flexion 4 The Trunk: Extension (Dorsal Flexion) 5 The Trunk: Rotation 6 The Pelvis: Elevation (Sideways Lifting of the Pelvis) Part 3 The Upper Limb 7 The Scapula: Adduction 8 The Scapula: Adduction with Depression 9 The Scapula: Elevation (Shoulder Elevation) 10 The Scapula: Abduction with Rotation 11 The Shoulder Joint: Flexion 12 The Shoulder Joint: Extension 13 The Shoulder Joint: Abduction 14 The Shoulder Joint: Extension from Abduction 15 The Shoulder Joint: Flexion from Abduction 16 The Shoulder Joint: Lateral Rotation 17 The Shoulder Joint: Medial Rotation 18 The Elbow Joint: Flexion 19 The Elbow Joint: Extension 20 The Forearm: Supination 21 The Forearm: Pronation 22 The Wrist Joint: Flexion with Adduction (Palmar Flexion with Ulnar Deviation) 23 The Wrist Joint: Flexion with Abduction (Palmar Flexion with Radial Deviation) 24 The Wrist Joint: Extension with Adduction (Dorsal Flexion with Ulnar Deviation) 25 The Wrist Joint: Extension with Abduction (Dorsal Flexion with Radial Deviation) 26 The Metacarpophalangeal Joints of the Fingers: Flexion 27 The Metacarpophalangeal Joints of the Fingers: Extension 28 The Metacarpophalangeal Joints of the Fingers: Adduction 29 The Metacarpophalangeal Joints of the Fingers: Abduction 30 The Proximal Interphalangeal Joints of the Fingers: Flexion 31 The Distal Interphalangeal Joints of the Fingers: Flexion 32 The Carpometacarpal (Saddle) Joint of the Thumb: Adduction 33 The Carpometacarpal (Saddle) Joint of the Thumb: Abduction 34 The Thumb and Little Finger: Opposition 35 The Metacarpophalangeal Joint of the Thumb: Flexion 36 The Metacarpophalangeal Joint of the Thumb: Extension 37 The Interphalangeal Joint of the Thumb: Flexion 38 The Interphalangeal Joint of the Thumb: Extension Part 4 The Lower Limb 39 The Hip Joint: Flexion 40 The Hip Joint: Extension 41 The Hip Joint: Adduction 42 The Hip Joint: Abduction 43 The Hip Joint: Lateral Rotation 44 The Hip Joint: Medial Rotation 45 The Knee Joint: Flexion 46 The Knee Joint: Extension 47 The Ankle Joint: Plantar Flexion 48 The Ankle Joint: Plantar Flexion (Soleus) 49 The Ankle Joint: Supination with Dorsiflexion 50 The Ankle Joint: Supination with Plantar Flexion 51 The Ankle Joint: Plantar Pronation 52 The Metatarsophalangeal Joints of the Toes: Flexion 53 The Metatarsophalangeal Joint of the Hallux: Flexion 54 The Metatarsophalangeal Joints of the Toes: Extension 55 The Metatarsophalangeal Joints of the Toes: Adduction 56 The Metatarsophalangeal Joints of the Toes: Abduction 57 The Proximal Interphalangeal Joints of the Toes: Flexion 58 The Distal Interphalangeal Joints of the Toes: Flexion 59 The Interphalangeal Joint of the Hallux: Flexion 60 The Interphalangeal Joint of the Hallux: ExtensionSection 2 Assessment of the Most Common Shortened Muscle Groups 61 Gastrocnemius and Soleus 62 The Hip Flexors 63 The Knee Flexors 64 The Adductors of the Thigh 65 Piriformis 66 Quadratus Lumborum 67 Pectoralis Major 68 The Paravertebral Back Muscles 69 The Trapezius-upper Part 70 Levator ScapulaeSection 3 Examination of Hypermobility 71 Head Rotation 72 High Arm Cross 73 Touching the Hands Behind the Back 74 Crossing the Arms Behind the Neck 75 Extension of the Elbows 76 Movement of the Hands: Test 1 77 Movement of the Hands: Test 2 78 Forward Flexion of the Back 79 Sideflexion of the Back 80 Sitting Down between the Heels 81 Forward Bending in Kneeling 82 Sideflexion in Kneeling 83 A Summary of AssessmentAppendix: Examples of Schemes for Muscle Tests