Munro Kerr's Operative Obstetrics

13th Edition - December 16, 2019
Editors: Sabaratnam Arulkumaran, Michael Robson
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 7 0 2 0 - 7 6 3 5 - 0

This is a highly illustrated, practical book covering the obstetric and surgical procedures used in intrapartum care, including commonly used procedures and more rare te… Read more

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This is a highly illustrated, practical book covering the obstetric and surgical procedures used in intrapartum care, including commonly used procedures and more rare techniques.

The authors take a step-by-step approach to each technique and includes 'tips' and 'pointers', whilst contextualising this with the history of obstetric practice.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
List of Contributors
Acknowledgement
Preface for the 13th Edition of Munro Kerr’s Operative Obstetrics
Part I. Antenatal
Chapter 1. Human Birth
Current Understanding
Biological Control of Labour – Triggering and Maintenance
Membrane Rupture
Chapter 2. Preterm Labour and Delivery
Introduction
Definition
Preterm Labour Versus Preterm Birth
Incidence of Preterm Birth
Aetiology and Mechanisms
Risk Factors
Outcomes
Prediction
Diagnosis
Management
Prevention of Preterm Labour
Minimizing the Complications of Preterm Delivery
Preterm Prelabour Rupture of Membranes
Mode of Delivery for Preterm Infants
Conclusion
Chapter 3. Cervical Cerclage
Introduction
Surgical Procedure
Discussion
Chapter 4. Antepartum Haemorrhage – an Overview
Clinical Assessment
Summary
Chapter 5. Vasa Praevia
Introduction
Definition
Incidence
Pathophysiology
Diagnosis
Investigations
Management
Chapter 6. Placental Abruption
Risk Factors for Placental Abruption
Pathophysiology
Presentation and Clinical Features
Management
Chapter 7. Induction of Labour
Introduction
History
Making the Decision
Incidence
Indications
Maternal Obesity
Special Circumstances
Methods of Induction
Pathway
Audit
Risk Management Issues
Part II. Labour and Delivery
Chapter 8. Assessment and Management of Labour
Introduction
General Principles of Labour
Normal and Abnormal Labour
Diagnosis and Management of Poor Progress in Labour
Risks of Treatment with Oxytocin and Assessment of Contractions
The Duration of Labour
Chapter 9. Fetal Surveillance in Labour
Intermittent Auscultation
High-Risk Pregnancy and Continuous Efm
Fetal Behavioural State in the Cardiotocograph – ‘Cycling’
Identification of Individual Features of Ctg Trace and Their Classification
Monitoring Uterine Contractions
Meconium-Stained Amniotic Fluid
Alternate or Adjunctive Methods of Assessing Fetal Health
Intrapartum Maternal Pyrexia and Neonatal Encephalopathy
Conclusions
Chapter 10. Fetal Asphyxia
Hypoxaemia, Hypoxia and Asphyxia
FHR Patterns Related to Hypoxia and Acidosis
Correlation of Ctg Patterns with Observed Brain Injury
Fetal Asphyxia and Medicolegal Implications
Reducing Adverse Outcomes
Conclusions
Chapter 11. Acute Tocolysis
Introduction
Definition
History
Pharmacological Agents for Acute Tocolytics
Clinical Indications for Acute Tocolysis
Which is the Ideal Tocolytic?
Risk Management and Medicolegal Issues
Chapter 12. Cord Prolapse
Predisposing Factors
Diagnosis
Management
Chapter 13. The Use of Oxytocin to Accelerate or Induce Labour
Oxytocin
Pharmacokinetics
High- and Low-Dose Oxytocin Regimens to Accelerate and Induce Labour
Current International Guidelines
Standardization of Terminology in Discussing The Use of Oxytocin
Development of Guidelines
Clinical Risks
Clinical Decision-Making and Audit
Key Clinical and Organizational Recommendations
Chapter 14. Malpresentations and Malpositions
Face Presentation
Brow Presentation
Transverse Lie
Compound Presentation
Chapter 15. Assisted Vaginal Delivery – an Overview
Introduction
Current Practice
Current Instruments for Assisted Vaginal Delivery and Associated Outcomes
Nonrotational Births
Rotational Births
Practical Aspects of Assisted Vaginal Delivery
Risk Management in Assisted Vaginal Delivery
The Role of Double Instrumentation and Abandoning Attempted Assisted Vaginal Delivery
Communication and Debriefing
The Way Forward for Assisted Vaginal Delivery
Good Practice Points
Suggested Audit Topics
Chapter 16. Assisted Vaginal Delivery – Nonrotational Forceps and Manual Rotation
Background
Preparation and Technique for Nonrotational Forceps
Key aspects of preparation:
Nonrotational Forceps for Direct Op Position
Nonrotational Forceps for Face Presentation
Digital and Manual Rotation
Conclusion
Good Practice Points
Chapter 17. Assisted Vaginal Delivery – Vacuum
Background
Preparation and Technique for Vacuum Delivery
Cup Detachment
Neonatal Complications
Good Practice Points
Chapter 18. Assisted Vaginal Delivery – Rotational Forceps
Background
Preparation and Technique for Rotational Forceps
Conclusion
Good Practice Points
Chapter 19. Shoulder Dystocia
Definition
Pathophysiology of Shoulder Dystocia
Incidence
Risk Factors for Shoulder Dystocia
Prediction of Shoulder Dystocia
Prevention
Management
Evaluate the Need for Episiotomy
Management After a Shoulder Dystocia
Brachial Plexus Injury
Documentation
Recommendations and Requirements for Shoulder Dystocia Training
Chapter 20. Breech Presentation
Epidemiology
Clinical Features, Diagnosis and Investigations
Prevention of Breech Presentation: External Cephalic Version
Mode of Birth for the Breech Baby
Criteria for Safest Vaginal Breech Birth
Counselling, Decision-Making and Consenting Regarding Mode of Birth
Conduct of Vaginal Breech Labour
Interventions at All-Fours Birth
The Mauriceau–Smellie–Veit Manoeuvre
The Bracht Manoeuvre
Emergency Interventions at Assisted Breech Birth
Breech Extraction
The Preterm Breech
Risk Management
Chapter 21. Twin and Triplet Delivery
Obstetric Factors
Anaesthetic Factors
First Stage of Labour
Second Stage of Labour
Delivery of the Second Twin
Third Stage of Labour
Locked Twins
Conjoined Twins
Triplets and Higher-Order Multiple Pregnancy
Chapter 22. Labour and Delivery After Previous Caesarean
Once a Caesarean Always a Caesarean
Selection Criteria for Vaginal Birth After Caesarean Section (Vbac)
Management of Trial for Vaginal Delivery
Conclusions
Chapter 23. Uterine Rupture
Introduction
Pathophysiology
Aetiology
Risk Factors
Clinical Features
Management
Prevention of Uterine Rupture
Pregnancy After Rupture
Chapter 24. Caesarean Section: Controversies, Audit, Classification and Indications
Controversies
Caesarean Section Audit
Ten Group Classification System
Indications for Caesarean Sections
Classification of Indications for Caesarean Sections
Analysis and Interpretation of Indications for Caesarean Sections
Conclusion
Chapter 25. Caesarean Section: Procedure
Classification of Urgency
Preoperative Preparation
Anaesthesia
Surgical Techniques
Uterine Incisions
Delivery
Closure
Documentation and Patient Information
Postoperative Care
Postoperative Complications
Chapter 26. Clinical Challenges at Caesarean Section: Uterine Rotation, Transverse Lie and Caesarean at Full Dilatation
Introduction
Crucial Points of Uterine Anatomy at Cs
Surgical Precision at Cs
Uterine Rotation
Cs for Transverse Lie
Caesarean Section at Full Dilatation
Pathophysiology
Clinical History
Clinical Examination
Proceeding to Cs
Difficulties Encountered/Special Circumstances
Complications
Conclusions
Audit
Chapter 27. Additional Procedures at Caesarean Section − Salpingectomy, Myomectomy, Ovarian Surgery and Hysterectomy
Salpingectomy
Myomectomy
Ovarian Surgery
Obstetric Hysterectomy
Surgical Considerations
Postoperative Considerations
Chapter 28. Placenta Praevia and the Placenta Accreta Spectrum
Placenta Praevia
Diagnosis
Antepartum Management
Caesarean Section for Uncomplicated Placenta Praevia
Vaginal Delivery in Placenta Praevia
Placental Accreta Syndrome
Management of Caesarean Scar Ectopic Pregnancy
Management of Pas Cases
Conservative Treatments
Complications
Possibility of Prevention
Future Developments
Chapter 29. Haemorrhagic Shock, Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation and Obstetric Resuscitation
Haemorrhagic Shock
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
Obstetric Resuscitation: Mobilize, Act and Think
Chapter 30. Thromboprophylaxis in Labour and Delivery
Introduction
Incidence
Risks of Thromboprophylaxis in Labour and Delivery
Management of Thromboprophylaxis for Labour and Delivery
Audit and Risk Management
Chapter 31. Amniotic Fluid Embolism
Pathophysiology
Diagnosis
Management
Chapter 32. Analgesia and Anaesthesia in Labour and Delivery
Introduction
Pain Pathways and Labour
Methods of Pain Relief
Chapter 33. Labour and Delivery in Women With a High Body Mass Index
Introduction
Definition
Incidence
History and Examination
Obstetrical Management
Anaesthesia Management
Postoperative Analgesia
Thromboprophylaxis
Summary
Part III. Postpartum
Chapter 34. Postpartum Haemorrhage
Introduction
Definition
The Normal Third Stage of Labour
Clinical Signs of Placental Separation
Routine Management to Prevent PPH
Pathophysiology of Postpartum Haemorrhage
Management of Primary Pph
Secondary PPH
Appendix 1. Oxytocic drugs
Chapter 35. Retained Placenta
Introduction
Routine Management of the Third Stage
Incidence of Retained Placenta
Pathophysiology (FIG. 35.2)
History
Examination and Investigations
Management
Medical Management to Deliver the Retained Placenta
Chapter 36. Uterine and Vaginal Tamponade
Uterine Tamponade
Vaginal Tamponade
Chapter 37. Uterine Compression Sutures
B-Lynch Suture
Modified B-Lynch Suture
Vertical Uterine Suture
Square Compression Sutures
Complications and Outcomes
Chapter 38. Pelvic Vessel Ligation and Embolization: Obstetric and Radiological Perspective
Historical Perspective
Anatomy and Haemodynamics
Radiological Perspective
Embolization
Balloon Occlusion
Future
Chapter 39. Lower Genital Tract Trauma
Anatomy
Perineal Trauma
Episiotomy
First Description of Episiotomy
Repair of Perineal Trauma
Obstetric Anal Sphincter Trauma (Third and Fourth Degree Tears)
Lacerations
Haematomas
Chapter 40. Acute Uterine Inversion
Types
Causes
Clinical Presentation
Management
Recurrent Uterine Inversion
Chapter 41. Symphysiotomy
Indications
Postdelivery Care
Immediate Complications
Conclusion
Chapter 42. Destructive Operations on the Fetus
General Principles
Operative Procedures
Postdelivery Care
Destructive Operations Versus Caesarean Section in low-Resource Settings
Conclusion
PART IV. Organizational Aspects
Chapter 43. Perinatal Audit in Labour and Delivery: Safety, Quality and Consistency
Introduction
Multidisciplinary Quality Assurance Programme
Audit
Information Collection
Principles of an Electronic Patient Record for Labour and Delivery
Labour Events and Outcome
Indications for Events and Outcomes
Information Retrieval, Presentation and Dissemination
Classification of Information
Ten Group Classification
The Ten Group Classification and the Advantage of Classification
Assessment of Management − Interpretation of Information
Chapter 44. Competence and Skills Training
Introduction and Historical Context
Preventable Harm
Skills Training
Key Elements for Skills Training
How to Organize Skills Training
Conclusion
Index

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Munro Kerr's Operative Obstetrics

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Sabaratnam Arulkumaran