Microbial Consortium and Biotransformation for Pollution Decontamination

1st Edition - May 26, 2022
Editors: Gowhar Hamid Dar, Rouf Ahmad Bhat, Humaira Qadri, Khalid Rehman Hakeem
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 1 8 9 3 - 0
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 1 9 2 6 - 5

Microbial Consortium and Biotransformation for Pollution Decontamination presents techniques for the decontamination of polluted environs through potential microbes, particula… Read more

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Microbial Consortium and Biotransformation for Pollution Decontamination presents techniques for the decontamination of polluted environs through potential microbes, particularly examining the benefits of its broad applicability, sustainability and eco-friendly nature. Utilizing global case studies to describe practical applications of the technology, the book offers insights into the latest research on advanced microbiological tools and techniques for the remediation of severe pollutants from the environment. Environmental researchers and environmental managers focusing on pollution and decontamination will find both key contextual information and practical details that are essential in understanding the use of microbial technology for combatting pollutants.

Recent advancements in the field of NGS (next-generation sequencing) have allowed more detailed genomic, bioinformatics and metagenomic analyses of potential environmentally important microbes that have led to significant breakthroughs into key bio-degradative pathways. With the increase in human activities around the globe, toxic pollutants from multiple sources have contaminated the earth on a large number scale.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Dedication
List of contributors
About the editors
Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgments
About the book
Chapter 1. Threats and consequences of untreated wastewater on freshwater environments
Abstract
1.1 Introduction
1.2 What is sewage?
1.3 Contaminant sources of emerging concerns
1.4 Fate of contaminants
1.5 Ecological risk and health assessment of emerging contaminant in untreated water
1.6 Untreated wastewater as a cause of antibiotic resistance
1.7 Impact of wastewater on cities
1.8 Impact of wastewater on industry
1.9 Impact of wastewater on agriculture
1.10 Impact of wastewater on natural bodies of water
1.11 Impact of untreated wastewater on microbial diversity
1.12 Impact of wastewater in aquatic environments
1.13 Biologic hazards in aquatic environments
1.14 Major threats
1.15 Why should wastewater be treated?
1.16 Challenges and opportunities
1.17 Conclusion
References
Chapter 2. Unraveling a correlation between environmental contaminants and human health
Abstract
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Environmental toxicology and related human health risks
2.3 The environmental impact of chemical fertilizers and excessive fertilizers on water quality
2.4 Method to reveal the relationship between human body, environment, and emotion data
2.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 3. Effect of wastewater from industries on freshwater ecosystem: threats and remedies
Abstract
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Saline wastewater: its impact and treatment
3.3 Food-processing industry wastewater
3.4 Leather industry wastewater
3.5 Effluents from petroleum industry
3.6 Plastic industries and micro- and nanoplastic in freshwater ecosystem
3.7 Effect of different wastewater from industries on freshwater organisms
3.8 Remedies to reduce industrial effluents
3.9 Conclusion
References
Chapter 4. Credibility on biosensors for monitoring contamination in aquatic environs
Abstract
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Major sources of water pollution
4.3 Biosensors
4.4 General limitations, challenges, and future prospects of biosensors in wastewater monitoring
4.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 5. Microbial systems, current trends, and future prospective: a systemic analysis
Abstract
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Microbiology for soil health, environmental protection, and sustainable agriculture
5.3 Future prospects of environmental microorganisms
5.4 Microbial pesticides
5.5 Microorganisms’ impending visions
5.6 Interconnections between plants and soil microorganisms
5.7 Plant acquisition of nutrients: direct uptake from the soil
5.8 Conclusion and remark
References
Chapter 6. Microbial consortia for pollution remediation—Success stories
Abstract
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Bioremediation
6.3 Microbial consortia—a multispecialized biological system for bioremediation
6.4 Microbial consortia and degradation of pollutants
6.5 Conclusion and future perspective
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 7. Biological transformation as a technique in pollution decontamination
Abstract
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Biological transformation
7.3 Biological transformation classes
7.4 Factors influencing biological transformation
7.5 Functional genes implicated in biological transformation
7.6 Enzymes involved in biological transformation
7.7 Nanomaterial biological transformation
7.8 Cometabolic biological transformation
7.9 Conclusions and future perspectives
References
Chapter 8. Role of polyphosphate accumulating organisms in enhanced biological phosphorous removal
Abstract
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Natural occurrence of polyphosphate accumulating organisms
8.3 Microbiology of EBPR and polyphosphate accumulating organisms
8.4 Biochemistry of EBPR and phosphate accumulating organism
8.5 EBPR with acetate as a carbon source
8.6 EBPR metabolism with substrates other than acetate
8.7 Enzymes involved in poly P metabolism
8.8 EBPR configurations
8.9 Parameters to consider in EBPR process
8.10 Criteria to monitor effective EBPR process
8.11 Transfer of energy pathway genes in microbial enhanced biological phosphorous removal communities
8.12 Novel and potential EBPR system
8.13 Conclusion and future perspective
References
Chapter 9. Genetically engineered bacteria: a novel technique for environmental decontamination
Abstract
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Environmental contaminants
9.3 Genetically engineered bacteria and their construction
9.4 Genetically engineered bacteria for a sustainable environment
9.5 Factors affecting bioremediation from genetically engineered bacteria
9.6 Limitations and challenges of in-field release of genetically engineered bacteria
9.7 Survivability and sustenance of genetically engineered bacteria
9.8 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Abbreviations
References
Chapter 10. An eco-friendly approach for the degradation of azo dyes and their effluents by Pleurotus florida
Abstract
10.1 Introduction
10.2 White-rot fungi
10.3 Textile dyes
10.4 Scenario of textile dyes utilized in India
10.5 Explication of dyeing process in textile industries
10.6 Hallmarks of wastes effected by the textile industry
10.7 Impact of textile dyes on environment
10.8 Dye decolorization methods
10.9 Oxidative and hydrolytic enzymes of Pleurotus florida used in decolorization of azo dyes
10.10 Factors influencing the dye decolorization
10.11 Toxicity of decolorization products and evaluation methods
10.12 Conclusion
References
Chapter 11. Endophytic Microbes: Bioremediation of soil contaminants
Abstract
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Endophytic microbes
11.3 Plant growth-promoting bacteria
11.4 Mechanisms involving endophyte-mediated phytoremediation enhancement
11.5 Functions of endophytes in pollutant bioremediation
11.6 Role of endophytes in plant growth promotion
11.7 Conclusion and future perspective
References
Chapter 12. Fungi, eukaryotic microorganisms involved in bioremediation of contaminated environments
Abstract
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Environmental contamination
12.3 Types of environmental contamination
12.4 Bioremediation
12.5 Fungi and its significant role in bioremediation
12.6 Types of fungi involved in bioremediation
12.7 Fungal interactions with microorganisms or superior organisms for bioremediation
12.8 Bioremediation mechanisms developed by fungi
12.9 Fungal genes and enzymes involved in bioremediation
12.10 Conclusion and perspectives
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 13. Biosurfactants for the recovery and remediation of oil and petroleum waste
Abstract
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Biosurfactants in petroleum industries
13.3 Biosurfactants for oil waste treatment and bioremediation
13.4 Biosurfactants as demulsifying agents
13.5 Bioremediation of oil waste and spilling
13.6 Biodegradation of diesel by biosurfactants
13.7 Bioremediation of metal-contaminated sites by biosurfactants
13.8 Conclusion
References
Chapter 14. Biofilm: a doable microbial continuum for the treatment of wastewater
Abstract
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Mechanism of biofilm formation
14.3 Biofilm-producing microbes
14.4 Types of biofilm system for wastewater treatment
14.5 Factors affecting biofilm-based wastewater treatment
14.6 Wastewater pollutants remediated by biofilms
14.7 Research paradigm on biofilm
14.8 Conclusion
References
Chapter 15. Biotechnology: the sustainable tool for effective treatment of wastewater
Abstract
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Classification of biodegradation processes
15.3 Factors affecting biodegradation process: an overview
15.4 Bacterial biodegradation and biodecolorization
15.5 Fungal biodegradation and biodecolorization
15.6 Algal biodegradation and biodecolorization
15.7 Future prospectus: an importance
15.8 Conclusion
References
Chapter 16. Microbial decontamination: economic and environmental benefits
Abstract
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Textile industry wastewater
16.3 Treatment of textile industrial effluent
16.4 Decontamination of textile industry effluent via biosorption
16.5 Environmental perspectives
16.6 Conclusion
16.7 Future perspectives
References
Index

Gowhar Hamid Dar

Dr Dar is an Assistant Professor at Cluster University Srinagar, India. They specialize in environmental sciences, soil ecology, environmental microbiology and environmental biotechnology. They have published 20 research articles and 5 book chapters.

Affiliations and expertise

Assistant Professor, Department of Environmental Sciences, Sri Pratap College, Cluster University Srinagar, India

Rouf Ahmad Bhat

Dr. Rouf Ahmad Bhat is working in Cluster University Srinagar (J&K), India in the capacity of Assistant Professor and his specialisation is in Limnology, Toxicology, Phyto-chemistry and Phytoremediation. He is an author of more than 53 scientific articles and 35 book chapters, and has published 18 books with international publishers. Dr. Bhat has worked as an Associate Environmental Expert in World Bank funded Flood Recovery Project and also Environmental Support Staff in Asian Development Bank (ADB) funded development projects. He has received many awards, appreciations and recognitions for his services to the science of water testing, air and noise analysis.

Affiliations and expertise

Renowned Researcher and Instructor in Environmental Sciences, Department of School Education, Jammu and Kashmir, India

Humaira Qadri

Dr. Humaira Qadri Ph. D is actively involved in teaching post-graduate students of Environmental Science for the past ten years in Sri Pratap College Campus, Cluster University Srinagar, J&K, India. She is also head of the Department of Environment and Water Management. A gold medallist at her master’s level, she has earned a number of awards and certificates of merit. Her specialization is in Limnology, Nutrient Dynamics and Phytoremediation. She has published scores of papers in international journals and has more than ten books with national and international publishers. She also has been on the scientific board of various international conferences and holds life memberships of various international organizations.

Affiliations and expertise

Head of the Department of Environment and Water Management, Sri Pratap College, Cluster University Srinagar, India

Khalid Rehman Hakeem

Dr. Khalid Rehman Hakeem (PhD) is Professor at King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. He has more both teaching and research experience in plant eco-physiology, biotechnology and molecular biology, medicinal plant research, plant-microbe-soil interactions as well as in environmental studies. He has served as the visiting scientist at Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. He has more than 110 research publications in peer-reviewed international journals has extensive book publishing experience as well. He is included in the advisory board of Cambridge Scholars Publishing, UK. He is a fellow of Plantae group of the American Society of Plant Biologists, member of the World Academy of Sciences, member of the International Society for Development and Sustainability, Japan, and member of Asian Federation of Biotechnology, Korea.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Makkah Province Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

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Microbial Consortium and Biotransformation for Pollution Decontamination

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Gowhar Hamid Dar

Rouf Ahmad Bhat

Humaira Qadri

Khalid Rehman Hakeem