Management of the Hospitalized Patient with Diabetes, An Issue of Critical Care Nursing Clinics of North America

1st Edition, Volume 37-1 - February 3, 2025
Imprint: Elsevier
Editor: Celia Levesque
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 2 9 6 0 4 - 8
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 2 9 6 0 5 - 5

In this issue of Critical Care Nursing Clinics, guest editor Celia Levesque of MD Anderson Cancer Center brings her considerable expertise to the topic of Management of the Hospi… Read more

Management of the Hospitalized Patient with Diabetes, An Issue of Critical Care Nursing Clinics of North America

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In this issue of Critical Care Nursing Clinics, guest editor Celia Levesque of MD Anderson Cancer Center brings her considerable expertise to the topic of Management of the Hospitalized Patient with Diabetes. Top experts provide up-to-date clinical information and best practices for hospitalized patients with diabetes, covering issues such as non-insulin diabetes medications in the pediatric patient; using diabetes technology in hospitalized patients; managing diabetes in patients with heart disease; managing insulin drips; training hospital nurses to be diabetes champions; and more.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Forthcoming Issues
Preface
Management of the Hospitalized Patient with Hyperglycemia
Key points
Introduction
Identification and assessment of diabetes and hyperglycemia
Identification of hyperglycemia
Glycemic goals
Glucose monitoring
Frequency of monitoring
Continuous glucose monitoring
Treatment of diabetes and hyperglycemia
Special circumstances
Parenteral/Enteral nutrition
Hypoglycemia
Clinics care points
Training Hospital Nurses to be Diabetes Champions
Key points
Introduction
Discussion
Summary
Clinics care points
Noninsulin Diabetes Medications in Hospitalized Children and Adolescents
Key points
Introduction
Glycemic considerations
Medical considerations in hospitalized children and adolescents
Noninsulin medications
Summary
Clinics care points
Using Diabetes Technology in Hospitalized Patients
Key points
Introduction
History of diabetes treatment technology
Insulin pump and continuous glucose monitor system function
Benefits of intensive insulin management
Troubleshooting/hyperglycemia protocol/when to disconnect pump
Summary
Clinics care points
Managing Heart Disease in Persons with Diabetes
Key points
Introduction
Summary
Clinics care points
Diabetes Management in the Critical Care Setting: Insulin Infusions
Key points
Background
Definitions and glucose targets
Insulin infusions: uses, indications, monitoring
Current guidelines
Risks of insulin infusions: hypoglycemia
Risks of insulin infusions: hypokalemia
Risks of insulin infusions: cerebral edema
Transitioning to subcutaneous insulin injections
Nursing considerations and take-home points
Current Medical Nutrition Therapy Recommendations for the Person with Diabetes
Key points
Introduction
Dietary methods for meal planning
Patients with diabetes using prandial insulin
Nutrition therapy in hospitalized patients with diabetes
Nutritional screening tools
Body mass index
Nothing by mouth status, clear liquid diet, and nutritional supplements
Enteral nutrition in person with diabetes
Total parenteral nutrition
Summary
Clinics care points
Management of Hypertension in Patients with Diabetes
Key points
Background: why blood pressure control is important
Guidelines available for hypertension management
Screening and diagnosis of hypertension
Blood pressure targets for people with diabetes
Treatment of hypertension
Blood pressure management in acute care
Summary
Clinics care points
Management of Immunotherapy-Induced Type 1 Diabetes
Key points
Introduction
Immune checkpoint inhibitors defined
Classes of immune checkpoint inhibitor drugs and immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced type 1 diabetes
Patient presentation
Acute treatment of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced type 1 diabetes
Transitioning from insulin drip
Long-term treatment of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced type 1 diabetes
Insulin therapy
Treatment of hypoglycemia
Summary
Clinics care points
Hypoglycemia in Hospitalized Patients with Diabetes
Key points
Introduction
Prevalence/incidence
Nature of the problem
Pathogenesis
Type 1 diabetes mellitus
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Gestational diabetes
Secondary types of diabetes mellitus
Inpatient hypoglycemia
Treatment
Patient monitoring and side effects
Challenges with hypoglycemia in the intensive care unit
Goals of care (recovery after the event and what to do to eliminate an event beforehand)
Summary
Clinics care points
Current Recommendations for Insulin Therapy in the Hospitalized Patient
Key points
Background
Glycemic goals
Insulin overview
Insulin products and pharmacokinetics
Insulin administration
Initiating insulin dosages in non-critically ill-hospitalized patients
Type 2 diabetes
Type 1 diabetes
Non-insulin treatments
Special clinical considerations
Insulin self-management: insulin pumps and continuous glucose monitoring
Transitions of care & system-based interventions
Summary
Clinics care points
Perioperative Management of the Patient with Diabetes Mellitus
Key points
Introduction
Discussion
History
Testing before surgery
Glycemic goals for surgery
Frequency of glucose testing
Timing of surgery
Diabetes medication regimen
Adjustment of non-insulin diabetes medications for surgery
Insulin pump during the perioperative period
Intravenous insulin infusion during surgery
Hypoglycemia while at surgical facility: preoperatively, intraoperatively, and postoperatively
Postoperative glycemic management
Summary
Clinics care points
Diabetes Education for the Hospitalized Patient
Key points
Introduction
Who
What
When
Where
Why
Summary
Clinics care points
Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis: How Is It Different from Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Key points
Introduction, definitions, and background
Pathophysiology
Precipitating factors
Clinical manifestations and physical examination
Diagnosis
Treatment
Patient education
Summary
Clinics care points

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Management of the Hospitalized Patient with Diabetes, An Issue of Critical Care Nursing Clinics of North America

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