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Hydro-Meteorological Hazards, Risks, and Disasters

2nd Edition - August 17, 2023

Author: Paolo Paron

Editors: Paolo Paron, John F. Shroder, Giuliano Di Baldassarre

Paperback ISBN:

9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 9 1 0 1 - 9

eBook ISBN:

9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 9 1 0 2 - 6

Hydro-Meteorological Hazards, Risks, and Disasters, 2e, provides an integrated look at the major disasters that have had, and continue to have, major implications for many of the… Read more

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Hydro-Meteorological Hazards, Risks, and Disasters, 2e, provides an integrated look at the major disasters that have had, and continue to have, major implications for many of the world’s people, such as floods and droughts. This new edition takes a geoscientific approach to the topic, while also covering current thinking about some scientific issues that are socially relevant and can directly affect human lives and assets. This new edition showcases both academic and applied research conducted in developed and developing countries, allowing readers to see the most updated flood and drought modeling research and their applications in the real world, including for humanitarian emergency purposes.

Hydro-Meteorological Hazards, Risks, and Disasters, 2e,

also contains new insights about how climate change affects hazardous processes. For the first time, information on the many diverse topics relevant to professionals is aggregated into one volume. It is a valuable reference to researchers, graduates, scientists, physical geographers, urban planners, landscape architects, and other people who work on the build environments of the world.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
List of contributors
Section I. Floods
Chapter 1. Flood processes and hazards
1.1. Introduction
1.2. Flood types and their processes
1.3. Flood hazard probabilities
1.4. Floods in a changing world
Chapter 2. Paleoflood hydrology: reconstructing rare events and extreme flood discharges
2.1. Introduction
2.2. Paleoflood approaches and methodology
2.3. Geological and botanical paleoflood data
2.4. Dating paleoflood evidence
2.5. Paleoflood discharge estimation
2.6. Flood frequency analysis using paleoflood data
2.7. Estimation of paleoflood volume
2.8. Applied paleoflood hydrology
2.9. Conclusions
Chapter 3. Global and low-cost topographic data to support flood studies
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Test site and data availability
3.3. Inundation modeling
3.4. The effect of topography resolution on inundation modeling
3.5. Uncertainty analysis within a generalized likelihood uncertainty estimation framework
3.6. Results and discussion
3.7. Conclusions
Chapter 4. Vulnerability and exposure in developed and developing countries: large-scale assessments
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Vulnerability: definitions and complexity
4.3. Approaches to vulnerability
4.4. Methodology
4.5. Coping with flood vulnerability in developing countries
4.6. Coping with flood vulnerability in developed countries
4.7. Discussions and perspectives
Annex 1. PO’S delta communes abbreviations
Annex 2. Awareness and preparedness indicator scaled
Chapter 5. Integrated risk assessment and decision support for water-related disasters
5.1. Introduction and state of the art of risk assessment methods and decision-making for water-related disasters
5.2. Methodological framework for integrated risk assessment
5.3. The evaluation of benefits of risk reduction
5.4. The social dimension: adaptive and coping capacities for risk prevention
5.5. The implementation of the KULTURisk framework
5.6. A demonstration of SERRA applied to flood risk in the city of Dhaka
5.7. Final remarks
Chapter 6. Flood risk assessment in the Ubaye Valley (Barcelonnette, France)
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Methodology
6.3. Results and discussion
6.4. Conclusion
Chapter 7. Flood modeling: practical exercises
7.1. Introduction to flood modeling
7.2. Exercise 1: numerical flood modeling in lisflood-FP
7.3. Further exercises
7.4. Appendix: governing equations for lisflood-FP solvers
Chapter 8. Rapid onset shocks: the importance of understanding impacts of flood disasters
8.1. Introduction to rapid onset flood disasters and its relevance in the humanitarian context
8.2. Disaster monitoring systems and platforms
8.3. Flood alerting, detection, and impact mapping
8.4. Flood impact and exposure analysis
8.5. Outlook
Section II. Droughts
Chapter 9. Drought monitoring and assessment: remote sensing and modeling approaches for the famine early warning systems network
9.1. Introduction
9.2. Rainfall-based drought monitoring
9.3. Vegetation index-based drought monitoring
9.4. Model-driven drought indicators
9.5. Hazard outlook (short-term drought bulletin)
9.6. Validation of drought indicators
9.7. Summary and conclusions
Chapter 10. Role of hydrological modeling in drought assessment
10.1. Introduction
10.2. Droughts as a natural hazard worldwide
10.3. Characterization of droughts: drought indices
10.4. Significance of hydrological models for drought assessment
10.5. Case study: hydrological drought assessment for the Limpopo basin
10.6. Conclusions
Chapter 11. An assessment of climate extremes in Mbale Municipality in Eastern Uganda
11.1. Introduction
11.2. Materials and methods
11.3. Results and discussion
11.4. Conclusion
Chapter 12. iMSEP: a GIT-based digital solution for disaster management
12.1. Introduction
12.2. System architecture
12.3. Results
12.4. Conclusions
Chapter 13. Droughts and floods: people's perception of hydrological risk
13.1. Introduction
13.2. Occurrence and perceptions
13.3. Methods
13.4. Results
13.5. Discussion and conclusions
Index

Paolo Paron

Paolo is a Senior Lecturer at IHE Delft in the River Basin Development research group. He has more than 15 years of combined professional experience in the Humanitarian, Professional and Academic world in the areas of mapping, geology and geomorphology and remote sensing. In the last years he has been developing methods and tools for the use of UAV in hydraulic research including flood mapping as well as in ecology and soil erosion. He has worked and lived extensively in Eastern and Southern Africa with shorter assignments in Asia and East Asia, and at present he is based in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Affiliations and expertise

Senior Lecturer, IHE Delft, Institute for Water Education, Delft, Netherlands

John F. Shroder

Dr. John (Jack) F. Shroder received his bachelor’s degree in geology from Union College in 1961; his masters in geology from the University of Massachusetts – Amherst in 1963, and his Ph.D. in geology at the University of Utah in 1967. He has been actively pursuing research on landforms and natural resources in the high mountain environments of the Rocky Mountains, the Afghanistan Hindu Kush, and the Karakoram Himalaya of Pakistan for over a half century. His teaching specialties have been primarily geomorphology, but also physical and historical geology and several other courses at the University of Nebraska at Omaha where he was the founding professor of the Geology major. While there he was instrumental in founding the Center for Afghanistan Studies in 1972, and he was the lead geologist for the Bethsaida Archaeological Project in Israel in the 1990s. He taught geology as an NSF-, USAID, and Fulbright-sponsored professor at Kabul University in 1977-78, as well as a Fulbright award to Peshawar University in 1983-84. He has some 63 written or edited books to his credit and more than 200 professional papers, with emphases on landslides, glaciers, flooding, and mineral resources in Afghanistan. He is a Fellow of the Geological Society of America and the American Association for the Advancement of Science and has received Distinguished Career awards from both the Mountain and the Geomorphology Specialty Groups of the Association of American Geographers. In the recent decade as an Emeritus Professor, he served as a Trustee of the Geological Society of America Foundation where he set up a research scholarship, the Shroder Mass Movement award for masters and doctoral candidates. For the past two decades, he has been the Editor-in-Chief for the Developments in Earth Surface Processes book series of Elsevier Publishing, as well as the 10-volumes of the Treatise on Geomorphology, and the Hazards, Risks, and Disasters book series, both in second editions. Recently, Dr. Shroder was ranked among the top 2 percent of researchers worldwide by the October study conducted by Stanford University.

Affiliations and expertise

Senior Research Scholar, Center for Afghanistan Studies, Emeritus Professor of Geography and Geology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, USA

Giuliano Di Baldassarre

Giuliano Di Baldassarre is a Professor of Hydrology at the Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University (Sweden) and the Director of CNDS, Centre of Natural Hazards & Disaster Science (www.cnds.se). His research deals primarily with droughts and floods in changing environments, with a focus on the dynamics and risks generated by feedback mechanisms between physical, technical and social processes. He has received many international prizes, such as the EGU Young Scientist Award and the AGU Early Career Award, along with major honors, such as the ERC Consolidator Grant by the European Research Council for his project HydroSocialExtremes: Unravelling the mutual shaping of hydrological extremes and society. He is currently the Chair of Panta Rhei–Everything Flows, the research decade of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS), which brings together hundreds of scientists worldwide doing research on water and society.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor of Hydrology at the Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University (Sweden) and the Director of CNDS, Centre of Natural Hazards & Disaster Science (www.cnds.se)